Scattering Characteristics of the Human Body in 67-GHz Band

Ngochao TRAN
Tetsuro IMAI
Koshiro KITAO
Yukihiko OKUMURA
Takehiro NAKAMURA
Hiroshi TOKUDA
Takao MIYAKE
Robin WANG
Zhu WEN
Hajime KITANO
Roger NICHOLS

Publication
IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Communications   Vol.E101-B    No.6    pp.1434-1442
Publication Date: 2018/06/01
Publicized: 2017/12/15
Online ISSN: 1745-1345
DOI: 10.1587/transcom.2017EBP3341
Type of Manuscript: PAPER
Category: Antennas and Propagation
Keyword: 
5G,  millimeter waves,  NLOS scenarios,  scattered waves by human bodies,  radar cross section,  

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Summary: 
The fifth generation (5G) system using millimeter waves is considered for application to high traffic areas with a dense population of pedestrians. In such an environment, the effects of shadowing and scattering of radio waves by human bodies (HBs) on propagation channels cannot be ignored. In this paper, we clarify based on measurement the characteristics of waves scattered by the HB for typical non-line-of-sight scenarios in street canyon environments. In these scenarios, there are street intersections with pedestrians, and the angles that are formed by the transmission point, HB, and reception point are nearly equal to 90 degrees. We use a wide-band channel sounder for the 67-GHz band with a 1-GHz bandwidth and horn antennas in the measurements. The distance parameter between antennas and the HB is changed in the measurements. Moreover, the direction of the HB is changed from 0 to 360 degrees. The evaluation results show that the radar cross section (RCS) of the HB fluctuates randomly over the range of approximately 20dB. Moreover, the distribution of the RCS of the HB is a Gaussian distribution with a mean value of -9.4dBsm and the standard deviation of 4.2dBsm.