Required role of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) for integrin-stimulated cell migration

J Cell Sci. 1999 Aug:112 ( Pt 16):2677-91. doi: 10.1242/jcs.112.16.2677.

Abstract

FAK localizes to sites of transmembrane integrin receptor clustering and facilitates intracellular signaling events. FAK-null (FAK-) fibroblasts exhibit a rounded morphology, defects in cell migration, and an elevated number of cell-substratum contact sites. Here we show that stable re-expression of epitope-tagged FAK reversed the morphological defects of the FAK- cells through the dynamic regulation of actin structures and focal contact sites in fibronectin (FN) stimulated cells. FAK re-expressing fibroblasts (clones DA2 and DP3) exhibit a characteristic fibrillar shape and display indistinguishable FN receptor-stimulated migration properties compared to normal fibroblasts. Expression of various FAK mutants in the FAK- cells showed that FAK kinase activity, the Tyr-397/SH2 domain binding site, and the first proline-rich SH3 binding region in the FAK C-terminal domain were individually needed to promote full FAK-mediated FAK- cell migration to FN whereas direct paxillin binding to FAK was not required. Expression of the FAK Phe-397 mutant did not promote FAK- cell migration and overexpression of p50(csk) in DA2 cells inhibited migration to FN suggesting that Src-family PTKs play important roles in FAK-mediated motility events. Expression of the FAK C-terminal domain, FRNK, promoted FAK dephosphorylation at Tyr-397 and potently blocked FAK-mediated cell migration. This dominant-negative effect of FRNK was reversed by a point mutation (Leu-1034 to Ser) which prevented FRNK localization to focal contact sites. Our results show that FAK functions as a key regulator of fibronectin receptor stimulated cell migration events through the recruitment of both SH2 and SH3 domain-containing signaling proteins to sites of integrin receptor clustering.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Actins / analysis
  • Actins / metabolism
  • Animals
  • Cell Adhesion Molecules / analysis
  • Cell Adhesion Molecules / genetics*
  • Cell Adhesion Molecules / metabolism*
  • Cell Movement / drug effects
  • Cell Movement / physiology*
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Cytoskeletal Proteins / analysis
  • Epitopes / genetics
  • Fibroblasts / chemistry
  • Fibroblasts / cytology
  • Fibroblasts / enzymology
  • Fibronectins / pharmacology
  • Focal Adhesion Kinase 1
  • Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic
  • Integrins / metabolism*
  • Mice
  • Mice, Knockout
  • Mutagenesis, Site-Directed / physiology
  • Paxillin
  • Phenotype
  • Phosphoproteins / analysis
  • Phosphorylation
  • Proline / metabolism
  • Protein Binding / physiology
  • Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / analysis
  • Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / genetics*
  • Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / metabolism*
  • Signal Transduction / physiology*
  • Talin / analysis
  • Transfection
  • Vinculin / analysis
  • src Homology Domains / physiology

Substances

  • Actins
  • Cell Adhesion Molecules
  • Cytoskeletal Proteins
  • Epitopes
  • Fibronectins
  • Integrins
  • Paxillin
  • Phosphoproteins
  • Pxn protein, mouse
  • Talin
  • Vinculin
  • Proline
  • FAK-related nonkinase
  • Protein-Tyrosine Kinases
  • Focal Adhesion Kinase 1
  • Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases
  • Ptk2 protein, mouse