Mesothelin as a biomarker for targeted therapy

CAR-T cell therapy targeting CD19 has achieved remarkable success in the treatment of B cell malignancies, while various solid malignancies are still refractory for lack of suitable target. In recent years, a large number of studies have sought to find suitable targets with low "on target, off tumor" concern for the treatment of solid tumors. Mesothelin (MSLN), a tumor-associated antigen broadly overexpressed on various malignant tumor cells, while its expression is generally limited to normal mesothelial cells, is an attractive candidate for targeted therapy. Strategies targeting MSLN, including antibody-based drugs, vaccines and CAR-T therapies, have been assessed in a large number of preclinical investigations and clinical trials. In particular, the development of CAR-T therapy has shown great promise as a treatment for various types of cancers. The safety, efficacy, doses, and pharmacokinetics of relevant strategies have been evaluated in many clinical trials. This review is intended to provide a brief overview of the characteristics of mesothelin and the development of strategies targeting MSLN for solid tumors. Further, we discussed the challenges and proposed potential strategies to improve the efficacy of MSLN targeted immunotherapy.