| 1 |
Pappus not white |
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(2) |
| + |
Pappus white or rarely red |
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(5) |
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| 2 (1) |
Pappus purplish brown; corolla purplish brown at least in upper part; bracteal leaves linear-lanceolate or linear |
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(3) |
| + |
Pappus yellowish brown; corolla yellow or purplish red; bracteal leaves oblong-lanceolate or absent |
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(4) |
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| 3 (2) |
Leaves linear-lanceolate or linear-oblanceolate, 3-10 mm wide; pappus purplish brown, but yellow in lower part; corolla purplish brown at upper part; achenes ca. 1.8 mm. |
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1 L. giraldii |
| + |
Leaves linear or linear-lanceolate, 2-4 mm wide; pappus deep purplish brown throughout; corolla purplish brown above; achenes less than 1 mm. |
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2 L. villosum |
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| 4 (2) |
Sparse erect herbs; bracteal leaves oblong-lanceolate. |
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3 L. forrestianum |
| + |
Compact pulvinate herbs; bracteal leaves absent. |
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4 L. aurantiacum |
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| 5 (1) |
Compact pulvinate herbs; bracteal leaves absent. |
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5 L. haastioides |
| + |
Erect herbs or subpulvinate herbs; bracteal leaves present |
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(6) |
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| 6 (5) |
Pappus and corolla red above. |
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6 L. roseum |
| + |
Pappus white; corolla yellow or white |
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(7) |
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| 7 (6) |
Stems and leaves adaxially densely yellow or brown glandular hairy, or leaves with arachnoid pubescence |
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(8) |
| + |
Stems and leaves white, gray, or yellowish arachnoid pubescent, without glandular hairs |
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(12) |
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| 8 (7) |
Leaf blade linear-lanceolate, basally gradually narrowed, both surfaces with grayish or greenish arachnoid pubescence. |
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7 L. haplophylloides |
| + |
Leaf blade base cordate, auriculate, or narrower, abaxially densely white arachnoid tomentose |
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(9) |
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| 9 (8) |
Leaf blade linear or spatulate-lanceolate, veinlets indistinct |
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(10) |
| + |
Leaf blade ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate, margin even or undulate, veinlets distinct |
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(11) |
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| 10 (9) |
Perennial herbs; stems not branched; leaves 10-35 × 1-3 mm. |
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8 L. franchetii |
| + |
Subshrubs; stems many branched; leaves 3-10 × 0.5-1.5 mm. |
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9 L. suffruticosum |
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| 11 (9) |
Stems herbaceous or subwoody at base; leaf blade base cordate; bracteal leaves ovate-lanceolate. |
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10 L. stracheyi |
| + |
Stems woody; leaf blade base narrowed or slightly auriculate; bracteal leaves lanceolate or long lanceolate. |
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11 L. artemisiifolium |
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| 12 (7) |
Leaf base ampliate and cordate, sagittate, or truncate. |
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12 L. dedekensii |
| + |
Leaf base narrowed or not, or rarely auriculate |
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(13) |
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| 13 (12) |
Subshrubs; stems woody, usually branched. |
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13 L. sinense |
| + |
Perennial herbs; stems herbaceous or woody at lower part, usually not branched |
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(14) |
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| 14 (13) |
Cauline leaves not sheathing at base |
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(15) |
| + |
Cauline leaves or some of them sheathing at base |
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(19) |
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| 15 (14) |
Rhizome shortly branched, usually without relicts of old leaves; stems branched or not branched; synflorescence usually in compound corymbs. |
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14 L. japonicum |
| + |
Rhizome long branched, densely covered with relicts of old leaves above; stems not branched; synflorescence usually solitary |
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(16) |
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| 16 (15) |
Rhizome and suckers sparsely arranged; bracteal leaves subequal but usually broader than cauline leaves |
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(17) |
| + |
Rhizome and suckers densely arranged and tufted; bracteal leaves distinctly broader than cauline leaves |
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(18) |
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| 17 (16) |
Flowering stems 12-42 cm tall; achenes glabrous. |
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15 L. wilsonii |
| + |
Flowering stems 5-10(-18) cm tall; achenes papillose. |
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16 L. omeiense |
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| 18 (16) |
Leaves linear or subulate, 8-30 × 0.8-1.4 mm, margin reflexed, adaxially usually green and glabrescent. |
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17 L. andersonii |
| + |
Leaves oblanceolate, 7-12 × 1.5-2 mm, margin not reflexed, densely whitish lanate on both surfaces. |
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18 L. microphyllum |
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| 19 (14) |
Bracteal leaves larger than cauline leaves; capitula solitary. |
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19 L. monocephalum |
| + |
Bracteal leaves subequal to cauline leaves, or slightly wider; capitula usually numerous, very rarely solitary |
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(20) |
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| 20 (19) |
Plants pulvinate; leaves linear-lanceolate, 6-10 × 0.5-1 mm. |
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20 L. muscoides |
| + |
Plants caespitose with long stems, or pulvinate, or stem solitary; leaves linear-lanceolate, linear-spatulate, or spatulate, usually longer and wider |
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(21) |
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| 21 (20) |
Plants caespitose or pulvinate; rhizome stout, with numerous suckers, without sterile rosette stems, or if sterile rosette stems present then leaves spatulate |
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(22) |
| + |
Plants caespitose or stem solitary; rhizome slender, usually with sterile rosette stems |
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(29) |
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| 22 (21) |
Leaves lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, rarely elliptic; capitula 4-5 mm in diam.; bracteal leaves distinct and forming a star |
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(23) |
| + |
Leaves spatulate; capitula 4-13 mm in diam.; bracteal leaves indistinct |
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(26) |
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| 23 (22) |
Sheaths as wide as leaf. |
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21 L. delavayanum |
| + |
Sheath narrower than leaf |
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(24) |
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| 24 (23) |
Leaves oblanceolate-oblong or oblanceolate, 7-15 × 2-6 mm; flowering stems 1-7 cm tall. |
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22 L. fangingense |
| + |
Leaves linear-lanceolate or lanceolate, 6-25 × 1-3 mm; flowering stems 6-28 cm tall |
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(25) |
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| 25 (24) |
Plants stoloniferous, stolons slender, elongate, usually branched, terminated by a loose rosette of leaves; achenes pubescent. |
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23 L. jacotianum |
| + |
Plants not stoloniferous; stems erect, caespitose, usually not branched; achenes glabrous. |
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24 L. caespitosum |
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| 26 (22) |
Bracteal leaves numerous, large, forming an irregular star |
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(27) |
| + |
Bracteal leaves few, smaller, not forming a star |
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(28) |
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| 27 (26) |
Stem 1-5 cm; capitula (1-)3-7. |
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25 L. pusillum |
| + |
Stem 6-10 cm; capitula 3-5. |
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26 L. brachyactis |
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| 28 (26) |
Plants pulvinate; capitula 6-15 mm in diam. |
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27 L. nanum |
| + |
Plants caespitose; capitula ca. 4 mm in diam. |
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28 L. stoloniferum |
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| 29 (21) |
Upper cauline leaves base broadened, usually surrounding stem |
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(30) |
| + |
Upper cauline leaves base narrowed or not, not surrounding stem |
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(31) |
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| 30 (29) |
Cauline leaves linear or lingulate-linear, 1-4 cm; bracteal leaves 9-14, 10-20 × 1.5-3 mm, forming a star of 2-3 cm in diam. |
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29 L. souliei |
| + |
Cauline leaves lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, 5-15 cm; bracteal leaves 10-18, 20-45 × 3-6 mm, forming a multiradiate star of 5-8 cm in diam. |
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30 L. calocephalum |
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| 31 (29) |
Bracteal leaves lingulate, usually broader at base, apex acute to acuminate. |
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31 L. himalayanum |
| + |
Bracteal leaves lanceolate or ovate, rarely linear, apex acute or obtuse |
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(32) |
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| 32 (31) |
Leaves adaxially usually green and glabrescent. |
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32 L. junpeianum |
| + |
Leaves grayish arachnoid tomentose on both surfaces |
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(33) |
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| 33 (32) |
Plants usually 5-10 cm tall, usually with dense sterile rosettes; leaves oblong, lingulate, lanceolate, or linear-lanceolate. |
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33 L. ochroleucum |
| + |
Plants usually 15-35 cm tall, not forming dense clusters; leaves lanceolate, linear-lanceolate, or oblanceolate |
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(34) |
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| 34 (33) |
Bracteal leaves ovate-lanceolate, broadened at base, abaxially light green. |
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34 L. conglobatum |
| + |
Bracteal leaves oblong or linear, base not broadened, abaxially gray or whitish |
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(35) |
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| 35 (34) |
Bracteal leaves linear with acuminate apex, forming a distinct star; phyllaries ca. 4 mm. |
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35 L. campestre |
| + |
Bracteal leaves oblong, linear-lanceolate, or rarely linear, not forming a regular star; phyllaries 4.5-6 mm |
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(36) |
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| 36 (35) |
Bracteal leaves few, not forming a star. |
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36 L. leontopodioides |
| + |
Bracteal leaves forming an irregular star. |
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37 L. smithianum |
