Skip to main content
EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing
Download PDF
  • Research Article
  • Open access
  • Published:

Adaptive Processing of Range Scanned Head: Synthesis of Personalized Animated Human Face Representation with Multiple-Level Radial Basis Function

EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing volume 2007, Article number: 027658 (2006) Cite this article

Abstract

We propose an animation system for personalized human head. Landmarks compliant to MPEG-4 facial definition parameters (FDP) are initially labeled on both template model and any target human head model as priori knowledge. The deformation from the template model to the target head is through a multilevel training process. Both general radial basis function (RBF) and compactly supported radial basis function (CSRBF) are applied to ensure the fidelity of the global shape and face features. Animation factor is also adapted so that the deformed model still can be considered as an animated head. Situations with defective scanned data are also discussed in this paper.

References

  1. Parke FI: Computer generated animation of faces. Proceedings of the ACM Annual Conference, August 1972, Boston, Mass, USA 1: 451–457.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Escher M, Pandzic I, Thalmann NM: Facial deformations for MPEG-4. Proceedings of Computer Animation, June 1998, Philadelphia, Pa, USA 56–62.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Blanz V, Vetter T: A morphable model for the synthesis of 3D faces. Proceedings of the 26th Annual Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques (SIGGRAPH '99), August 1999, Los Angeles, Calif, USA 187–194.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  4. Zhang L, Snavely N, Curless B, Seitz SM: Spacetime faces: high resolution capture for modeling and animation. ACM Transactions on Graphics 2004,23(3):548–558. 10.1145/1015706.1015759

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Lavagetto F, Pockaj R: The facial animation engine: toward a high-level interface for the design of MPEG-4 compliant animated faces. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology 1999,9(2):277–289. 10.1109/76.752095

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Kshirsagar S, Garchery S, Magnenat-Thalmann N: Feature point based mesh deformation applied to MPEG-4 facial animation. Deformable Avatars, IFIP TC5/WG5.10 DEFORM Workshop (DEFORM/AVATARS '00), November–December 2000, Geneva, Switzerland 196: 24–34.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Ostermann J: Animation of synthetic faces in MPEG-4. Proceedings of Computer Animation, June 1998, Philadelphia, Pa, USA 49–55.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Fedorov A, Firsova T, Kuriakin V, Martinova E, Rodyushkin K, Zhislina V: Talking head: synthetic video facial animation in MPEG-4. Proceedings of 13th International Conference on Computer Graphics (GraphiCon '03), September 2003, Moscow, Russia

    Google Scholar 

  9. Pockaj R, Costa M, Lavagetto F, Braccini C: A solution for model-independent animation of MPEG-4 faces. Proceedings of International Conference on Augmented, Virtual Environments and 3D Imaging (ICAV3D '01), May-June 2001, Mykonos, Greece 327–330.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Fratarcangeli M, Schaerf M: Realistic modeling of animatable faces in MPEG-4. Proceedings of 17th Annual Conference on Computer Animation and Social Agents (CASA '04), July 2004, Geneva, Switzerland

    Google Scholar 

  11. Lee Y, Terzopoulos D, Waters K: Realistic modeling for facial animation. Proceedings of the 22nd Annual Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques (SIGGRAPH '95), August 1995, Los Angeles, Calif, USA 55–62.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  12. Yu Z: 3D human face modeling for dynamic facial expression synthesis, Ph.D. thesis. School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Haykin S: Neural Networks: A Comprehensive Foundation. Macmillan College, New York, NY, USA; 1994.

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  14. Carr JC, Beatson RK, Cherrie JB, et al.: Reconstruction and representation of 3D objects with radial basis functions. Proceedings of the 28th Annual Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques (SIGGRAPH '01), August 2001, Los Angeles, Calif, USA 67–76.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  15. Morse BS, Yoo TS, Rheingans P, Chen DT, Subramanian KR: Interpolating implicit surfaces from scattered surface data using compactly supported radial basis functions. Proceedings of International Conference on Shape Modeling and Applications (SMI '01), May 2001, Genova, Italy 89–98.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  16. Dinh HQ, Turk G, Slabaugh G: Reconstructing surfaces using anisotropic basis functions. Proceedings of the 8th IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV '01), July 2001, Vancouver, BC, Canada 2: 606–613.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Dinh HQ, Turk G, Slabaugh G: Reconstructing surfaces by volumetric regularization using radial basis functions. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 2002,24(10):1358–1371. 10.1109/TPAMI.2002.1039207

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Muraki S: Volumetric shape description of range data using "Blobby Model". Proceedings of the 18th Annual Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques (SIGGRAPH '91), July–August 1991, Las Vegas, Nev, USA 227–235.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  19. Iske A, Levesley J: Multilevel scattered data approximation by adaptive domain decomposition. Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; 2002.

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  20. Ohtake Y, Belyaev A, Seidel HP: A multi-scale approach to 3D scattered data interpolation with compactly supported basis functions. Proceedings of International Conference on Shape Modeling and Applications (SMI '03), May 2003, Seoul, Korea 153–161.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Floater MS, Iske A: Multistep scattered data interpolation using compactly supported radial basis functions. Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics 1996,73(1–2):65–78. 10.1016/0377-0427(96)00035-0

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  22. Noh J-Y, Fidaleo D, Neumann U: Animated deformations with radial basis functions. Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology (VRST '00), October 2000, Seoul, Korea 166–174.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  23. Kähler K, Haber J, Yamauchi H, Seidel H-P: Head shop: generating animated head models with anatomical structure. Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symposium on Computer Animation (SCA '02), July 2002, San Antonio, Tex, USA 55–63.

    Google Scholar 

  24. Wendland H: Piecewise polynomial, positive definite and compactly supported radial basis functions of minimal degree. Advances in Computational Mathematics 1995,4(1):389–396. 10.1007/BF02123482

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  25. Press WH, Teukolsky SA, Vetterling WT, Flannery BP: Numerical Recipes in C: The Art of Scientific Computing. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK; 1993.

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  26. Meyer M, Desbrun M, Schroder P, Barr AH: Discrete differential geometry operators for triangulated 2-manifolds. Proceedings of International Workshop on Visualization and Mathematics (VisMath '02), May 2002, Berlin, Germany

    Google Scholar 

  27. MPEG-4 Manual Text for CD 14496-2 Video 1999.

  28. Turk G, O'Brien JF: Shape transformation using variational implicit functions. Proceedings of the 26th Annual Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques (SIGGRAPH '99), August 1999, Los Angeles, Calif, USA 335–342.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Computer Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore

    C. Chen

  2. Department of Computing and Mathematics (DOCM), Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, Manchester, M1 5GD, UK

    Edmond C. Prakash

Authors
  1. C. Chen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Edmond C. Prakash
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to C. Chen.

Rights and permissions

Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 International License (https://doi.org/creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Chen, C., Prakash, E.C. Adaptive Processing of Range Scanned Head: Synthesis of Personalized Animated Human Face Representation with Multiple-Level Radial Basis Function. EURASIP J. Adv. Signal Process. 2007, 027658 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1155/2007/27658

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2007/27658

Keywords