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Entranced98 (talk | contribs) Adding local short description: "Archaeological site in Shaanxi, China", overriding Wikidata description "archaeological site in Shaanxi, People's Republic of China" |
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{{Short description|Archaeological site in Shaanxi, China}}
{{chinese|c=鎬京|psp=Haoking
{{chinese|title=Zongzhou|psp=Tsungchow|c=宗周|w=Tsung<sup>1</sup>-chou<sup>1</sup>|p=Zōngzhōu}}
'''Hao''' or '''Haojing'''
==History==
[[King Wen of Zhou]] (r. 1099-1056 BCE) moved the Zhou capital eastward from [[Qishan County|Qíyì]] ({{lang|zh|岐邑}}) to Fēngjīng; his son King Wu later relocated across the river to Haojing, next to a certain lake Hao (鎬池).<ref>[[:zh:裴骃|Pei Yin]], ''Collected Explanations on Records of the Grand Historian'' (《史記集解》); Siku Quanshu version vol. 4 [https://ctext.org/library.pl?if=gb&file=3445&page=10 p. 10 of 123], quote: "徐廣曰豐在京兆鄠縣東有靈臺鎬在上林昆明北有鎬池去豐二十五里皆在長安南數十里". rough translation: "[[:zh:徐廣|Xu Guang]] said: 'Feng was in the eastern part of the Hu prefecture in [[Jingzhao]], there was the Numinous Terrace; Hao was to the north of Shanglin's [i.e. the imperial park's] Kunming [Pool; named after the Kunming lake, i.e. [[Dian Lake]]]; there was Lake Hao; [Hao was] twenty-five [[Li (unit)|li]] from Feng; all were several decades of li from [[Chang'an]].'"</ref> Fēngjīng became the site of the Zhou ancestral shrine and gardens whilst Haojing contained the royal residence and government headquarters. The settlement was also known as Zōngzhōu to indicate its role as the capital of the vassal states.<ref>Third scroll of the ''Chang'an Annals'' (长安志) interpreted by [[Huangfu Mi]] in his ''[[Age of Kings (book)]]'' (帝王世紀)</ref>
During the reign of [[King Cheng of Zhou]] (r. 1042–1021 BCE), the [[Duke of Zhou]] built a second settlement at [[Luoyi]], also known as Chengzhou ({{lang|zh|成周}}), in order to reinforce control of the eastern part of the kingdom. From then on, although King Cheng was permanently stationed in Chengzhou, Haojing remained the main operations center.
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At the time of [[King Zhao of Zhou]] (r. 996–977 BCE), further reinforcement of the eastern part of the Zhou kingdom took place thus Chéngzhōu became the major center of operations.
In [[King You of Zhou]]'s reign (r. 781–771 BCE), the [[Marquess of Shen]] with support from [[Quanrong]] nomads from the west overran Hàojīng heralding the end of the Western Zhou dynasty. All the royal buildings in the settlement were razed to the ground although it is not known if those in Fēngjīng survived the conflagration. The newly enthroned [[King Ping of Zhou]] (r. 770-720 BCE) thereafter had no choice but to move the capital east to Chéngzhōu. For sometime after, there were still people who referred to themselves as "Western Zhou"{{citation needed|date=August 2023}} and to Chéngzhōu as Zōngzhōu.<ref>
==See also==
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