Tropical Storm Kelly: Difference between revisions

{{Infobox Hurricaneweather event

| Namename = Severe Tropical Storm Kelly (Daling)

| Imagedissipated location=Kelly JulJuly 36, 1981 1157Z.png

| 10-min winds =60 75

'''Severe Tropical Storm Kelly''', known in the Philippines as '''Tropical Storm Daling''', was a weak but destructive [[tropical cyclone|tropical storm]] that struck the [[Philippines]] in June 1981. A tropical disturbance organized into a tropical depression east of the Philippines on June 28. It tracked westward, reaching tropical storm on June 30 before [[landfall (meteorology)|hitting]] the central Philippines. Kelly weakened over the islands, but re-strengthened over the [[South China Sea]], nearly attaining typhoon status on July 2. The system passed through the southern [[Hainan Island]] on July 3. The cyclone then crossed the [[Gulf of Tonkin]] as a weakening tropical storm, and made landfall in northern [[Vietnam]] on July 4 as a tropical storm. Kelly dissipated two days later inland.

The origins of Tropical Storm Kelly can be traced back to an area of disturbed weather that was first detected by [[weather satellite]] imagery on June&nbsp;25. Although the system was well-organized at this time, there was little evidence of a [[atmospheric circulation|low-level circulation]].<ref name="JTWC ATCR">{{cite report|title=Annual Tropical Cyclone Report: 1981|accessdateaccess-date=March 3, 2014|year=1982|author=Joint Typhoon Warning Center|publisher=United States Navy, United States Air Force|url=http://www.usno.navy.mil/NOOC/nmfc-ph/RSS/jtwc/atcr/1981atcr.pdf|author2=Naval Western Oceanography Center|archive-date=March 4, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304053159/http://www.usno.navy.mil/NOOC/nmfc-ph/RSS/jtwc/atcr/1981atcr.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>{{#tag:ref|Wind estimates from the JMA and most other basins throughout the world are [[maximum sustained winds|sustained]] over 10&nbsp;minutes, while estimates from the United States-based Joint Typhoon Warning Center are sustained over 1&nbsp;minute. 10&nbsp;minute winds are about 1.14 times the amount of 1&nbsp;minute winds.<ref name="FAQD4">{{cite book|author=Christopher W Landsea|author2=Hurricane Research Division|title=Frequently Asked Questions:|chapter=Subject: D4) What does "maximum sustained wind" mean? How does it relate to gusts in tropical cyclones?|accessdateaccess-date=November 29, 2013|publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory|url=http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/tcfaq/E7.html|date=April 26, 2004}}</ref>|group="nb"}} Despite this, the [[Japan Meteorological Agency]] (JMA) started watching the system.<ref name="JMA">{{cite report|author=Japan Meteorological Agency|date=October 10, 1992|title=RSMC Best Track Data &ndash; 1980&ndash;1989|accessdateaccess-date=March 3, 2014|url=http://www.jma.go.jp/jma/jma-eng/jma-center/rsmc-hp-pub-eg/Besttracks/bst8089.txt|format=[[.TXT]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141205202709/http://www.jma.go.jp/jma/jma-eng/jma-center/rsmc-hp-pub-eg/Besttracks/bst8089.txt|archive-date=December 5, 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref>{{#tag:ref|The [[Japan Meteorological Agency]] is the official [[Regional Specialized Meteorological Center]] for the western Pacific Ocean.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=Japan Meteorological Agency|title=Annual Report on Activities of the RSMC Tokyo &ndash; Typhoon Center 2000|date=February 2001|accessdateaccess-date=March 3, 2014|url=http://www.jma.go.jp/jma/jma-eng/jma-center/rsmc-hp-pub-eg/AnnualReport/2000/Text/Text2000.pdf|page=3|format=[[PDF]]}}</ref>|group="nb"}} Meanwhile, [[Dvorak technique|Dvorak classifications]] were placed at T2.5, equivalent to {{convert|65|km/h|mph|abbr=on|round=5}}. Based on this, a [[Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert]] (TCFA) was issued that evening as the system moved west. However, on June&nbsp;26, the TCFA was cancelled. Midday on June&nbsp;28, following an increase in convection, the TCFA was re-issued.<ref name="JTWC ATCR" /> On that day, the [[Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration]] (PAGASA) also monitored the storm and [[Tropical cyclone naming|assigned it with the local name]] ''Daling''.<ref name=NDCC /><ref name="NDCC2" /> After further development and a subsequent TCFA, the [[Joint Typhoon Warning Center]] (JTWC) classified the system as a tropical depression on June&nbsp;30.<ref name="JTWC ATCR" />

At 0600&nbsp;UTC on June&nbsp;30, the JTWC upgraded the depression into Tropical Storm Kelly.<ref name="IBTRACS">{{cite report|author1=Kenneth R. Knapp |author2=Michael C. Kruk |author3=David H. Levinson |author4=Howard J. Diamond |author5=Charles J. Neumann |year=2010|work=The International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship (IBTrACS): Unifying tropical cyclone best track data|title=1981 KELLY (1981176N08150)|publisher=Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society|accessdateaccess-date=March 3, 2014|url=http://atms.unca.edu/ibtracs/ibtracs_v03r04/browse-ibtracs/index.php?name=v03r04-1981176N08150}}</ref> Twelve hours later, the JMA followed suit.<ref name="JMA" /> At this time, Tropical storm Kelly [[landfall (meteorology)|moved ashore]] along the central Philippines. Due to land interaction, the tropical cyclone became less organized. Six hours after landfall, the JTWC downgraded Kelly into a depression,<ref name="JTWC ATCR" /> even though the JMA maintained Kelly as a tropical storm thorough its passage through the country.<ref name="JMA" /> After emerging into the [[South China Sea]], Kelly resumed deepening. At 0600&nbsp;UTC on July&nbsp;1, the JTWC re-upgraded Kelly into a tropical storm.<ref name="JTWC ATCR" /> After turning northwest,<ref name="IBTRACS" /> After exiting PASGA's warning zone,<ref name=NDCC /> Kelly continued to strengthen, and midday on July 2, the JMA estimated that the storm reached its peak intensity of {{Convert|115|km/h|mph|abbr=on|round=5}}.<ref name="JMA" /> Several hours later, the JTWC upgraded Kelly to a typhoon. At 0300&nbsp;UTC on July&nbsp;3, surface observations from the [[Paracel Islands]] indicated winds of {{convert|134|km/h|mph|abbr=on}} and a pressure of {{convert|970|mbar|inHg|abbr=on}}. Based on this, the JTWC reported that Kelly reached its peak wind speed of {{Convert|135|km/h|mph|abbr=on|round=5}}.<ref name="JTWC ATCR" /> Meanwhile, the JMA noted that Kelly attained its peak [[barometric pressure]] of {{convert|975|mbar|inHg|abbr=on}}.<ref name="JTWC ATCR" /> Thereafter, the storm's [[eye (cyclone)|eye]] became less defined and the surrounding convection weakened. On the evening of July&nbsp;3, the eye collapsed as Kelly skirted southern [[Hai-nan]]. Due to land interaction, Kelly continued to weaken and early on July&nbsp;4, the JTWC downgraded the typhoon into a tropical storm. Later that morning, the eye briefly re-developed over the [[Gulf of Tonkin]];<ref name="JTWC ATCR" /> however, no re-intensification occurred<ref name="IBTRACS" /> as Kelly remained poorly organized.<ref name="JTWC ATCR" /> Late on July&nbsp;4, Kelly made landfall as a {{convert|95|km/h|mph|abbr=on|round=5}} tropical storm<ref name="IBTRACS" /> {{convert|185|km|mi|abbr=on|round=5}} south of [[Hanoi]] in Vietnam. On July&nbsp;5, the JTWC stopped monitoring the system as it had moved inland.<ref name="JTWC ATCR" /> The JMA followed suit the next day.<ref name="JMA" />

One hundred ninety-two fatalities were reported,<ref name=AP5>{{cite news|title=Tornado, Two Storms Leave 207 Dead In Philippines|date=July 5, 1981|agency=Associated Press}}</ref> including 120&nbsp;casualties in the Albay Province<ref name=UPI1>{{cite news|title=International News|date=July 1, 1981|agency=United Press International}}</ref> and five in Ligao.<ref name=AP4 /> Nine cities sustained fatalities near the Mayon volcano,<ref name="TNC">{{cite news | url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=2206&dat=19810702&id=6IEmAAAAIBAJ&sjid=SwEGAAAAIBAJ&pg=5375,322045 | title=Tropical storm Kills 103 in the Philippines | date=July 2, 1981 | accessdateaccess-date=April 28, 2014 | newspaper=The Miami News}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=348&dat=19810702&id=C1EHAAAAIBAJ&sjid=tjQDAAAAIBAJ&pg=4434,231418 | title=Tropical Storm slams Philippines | date=July 2, 1981 | accessdateaccess-date=April 28, 2014 | newspaper=Rome News-Tribune}}</ref> Twelve children also died.<ref name=AP2>{{cite news|title=International News|date=July 1, 1981|agency=Associated Press}}</ref> Nine individuals were also listed missing<ref name=AP1 /> and 30&nbsp;were injured.<ref name=UPI3 /> Most of the fatalities were due to drownings.<ref name=UPI2>{{cite news|title=Storm Kelly kills 120 in Philippines|date=July 1, 1981|author=Marylin Ochimar|agency=United Press International}}</ref> Overall, damage totaled to $7.8&nbsp;million,<ref name="NDCC2">{{cite report|url=http://baseportal.com/cgi-bin/baseportal.pl?htx=/miso/typhoons&cmd=list&range=0,20&YEAR~=1981&cmd=all&Id=67|title=Destructive Typhoons 1970-2003: 1981|date=November 9, 2004|publisher=National Disaster Coordinating Council|accessdateaccess-date=April 28, 2014}}</ref> including $3.7&nbsp;million from infrastructure.<ref name="NDCC">{{cite report|url=http://baseportal.com/cgi-bin/baseportal.pl?htx=/miso/typhoons&cmd=list&range=0,20&YEAR~=1981&cmd=all&Id=73 |title=Destructive Typhoons 1970-2003 |date=November 9, 2004 |publisher=National Disaster Coordinating Council |accessdateaccess-date=April 28, 2014 |archiveurlarchive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041109180831/http://baseportal.com/cgi-bin/baseportal.pl?htx=%2Fmiso%2Ftyphoons&range=60%2C20 |archivedatearchive-date=November 9, 2004 |deadurl=yes |dfurl-status=dead }}</ref> Losses were estimated at $1.1&nbsp;million.<ref name=AP4>{{cite news|title=Flood toll climbs to 146, survivors bury dead|date=July 2, 1981|agency=Associated Press}}</ref> Following the storm, relief teams were sent in to provide aid such as rice and sardines for the homeless.<ref name=UPI4 /><ref name=UPI3 /> A few days following Kelly, the island nation was struck by [[1981 Pacific typhoon season#Severe Tropical Storm Lynn (Elang)|Tropical Storm Lynn]], which was responsible for further destruction.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1314&dat=19810706&id=xPZLAAAAIBAJ&sjid=Zu4DAAAAIBAJ&pg=5235,2208335 | title=Philippine storm death toll soars | date=July 6, 1981 | accessdateaccess-date=April 28, 2014 | newspaper=The Spokesman-Review}}</ref>

*[[Tropical Storm Zita (1997)]]