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{{short description|Nazi officer, first commander of the SS}}
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| death_date = {{death date and age|1936|5|16|1898|7|13|df=y}}
| death_place = [[Munich]], [[Bavaria]], [[Nazi Germany|Germany]]
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'''Julius Schreck''' (13 July 1898 – 16 May 1936) was an early senior Nazi official and close confidant
Born in Munich, Schreck served in [[World War I]] and shortly afterwards joined right-wing paramilitary units. He joined the [[Nazi Party]] in 1920 and developed a close friendship with [[Adolf Hitler]]. Schreck was a founding member of the ''[[Sturmabteilung]]'' ("Storm Detachment"; SA) and was active in its development. Later in 1925, he became the first leader of the ''[[Schutzstaffel]]'' ("Protection Squadron"; SS). He then served for a time as a chauffeur for Hitler. Schreck developed [[meningitis]] in 1936 and died on 16 May of that year. Hitler gave him a [[state funeral]].
==Early life==
Julius Schreck was born on 13 July 1898 in [[Munich]] in [[Bavaria]]. He served in the [[Imperial German Army|German Army]] during [[World War I]]. After the war ended, Schreck became an early member of the [[National Socialist German Workers' Party]] (Nazi Party; NSDAP), having joined in 1920 and documented as member
==Career in the SA==
Schreck was a founding member of the ''[[Sturmabteilung]]'' ("Storm Detachment"; SA), being involved in its growth and development.{{sfn|Hamilton|1984|p=172}} This was a paramilitary wing of the party designed to disrupt political opponents and provide muscle for security tasks. Hitler, in early 1923, ordered the formation of a small separate bodyguard dedicated to his service and protection rather than an uncontrolled mass of the party, such as the SA.{{sfn|McNab|2009|pp=14, 16}} Originally the unit was composed of only eight men, commanded by Schreck and [[Joseph Berchtold]].{{sfn|Weale|2010|p=16}} It was designated the ''Stabswache'' ("Staff Guard").{{sfn|McNab|2009|p=14}} The ''Stabswache'' were issued unique badges, but at this point the ''Stabswache'' was still under overall control of the SA, whose membership continued to increase. Schreck resurrected the use of the ''[[Totenkopf]]'' ("death's head") as the unit's insignia, a symbol various elite forces had used in the past, including specialized assault troops of [[Imperial Germany]] in [[World War I]] who used ''[[Oskar von Hutier|Hutier]]'' [[infiltration tactics]].{{sfn|McNab|2009|p=16}}
In May 1923, the unit was renamed ''[[Stoßtrupp-Hitler]]'' ("Shock Troop-Hitler").{{sfn|Weale|2010|p=16}}{{sfn|McNab|2009|p=16}} The unit was solely responsible for Hitler's personal protection.{{sfn|Hamilton|1984|p=172}} On 9 November 1923 the ''Stoßtrupp'', along with the SA and several other paramilitary units, took part in the [[Beer Hall Putsch]] in [[Munich]].{{sfn|Hamilton|1984|p=172}} The plan was to seize control of the city in a [[coup d'état]] and then challenge the government in [[Berlin]]. The putsch was quickly crushed by the local police
==Career in the SS==
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==Death==
Schreck continued as Hitler's personal driver until 1936.{{sfn|Felton|2014|p=8}} That spring Schreck developed [[meningitis]] and died on 16 May in Munich.{{sfn|Hamilton|1984|p=173}} He was a well-liked man and Hitler was distraught when Schreck died.{{sfn|Hamilton|1984|p=173}} His final rank was SS-''[[Brigadeführer]]'', a rank equivalent to that of a ''Generalmajor'' in the ''[[Wehrmacht]]''.{{sfn|Hoffmann|2000|p=330}} Schreck was accorded a Nazi state funeral. Himmler referred to him as "Adolf Hitler's first SS man
== References ==
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{{s-aft|after=[[Joseph Berchtold]]}}
{{s-end}}
{{Reichsführer-SS}}
{{SS organizations}}
{{Authority control}}
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[[Category:Nazi Party officials]]
[[Category:Nazis who participated in the Beer Hall Putsch]]
[[Category:Nazis convicted of crimes]]
[[Category:Military personnel from Munich]]
[[Category:People from the Kingdom of Bavaria]]
[[Category:Reichsführer-SS]]
[[Category:Sturmabteilung officers]]
[[Category:People convicted of treason against Germany]]
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