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{{Cleanup|reason=Article contains significant spelling, grammatical, formatting, and stylistic errors throughout.|date=June 2024}}▼
{{Short description|Japanese feudal lord (1521–1573)}}
{{about||the 1988 Japanese television series|Takeda Shingen (TV series)}}
▲{{Cleanup|reason=Article contains significant spelling, grammatical, formatting, and stylistic errors throughout.|date=June 2024}}
{{family name hatnote|Takeda|lang=Japanese}}
{{Infobox officeholder
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Takeda Shingen was the first-born son of [[Takeda Nobutora]] (武田信虎), leader of the [[Takeda clan]], and ''[[daimyō]]'' of the [[Old provinces of Japan|province]] of [[Kai province|Kai]]. He had been an accomplished poet in his youth. He assisted his father with the older relatives and vassals of the Takeda clan, and became quite a valuable addition to the clan at a fairly young age. In 1536, at the age of 15, he was instrumental in helping his father win the [[Battle of Un no Kuchi]].<ref name=Turnbull2>{{Cite book |last=Turnbull |first=Stephen |title=The Samurai Sourcebook |publisher=Cassell & Co. |year=1998 |isbn=1854095234 |pages=209–13}}</ref><ref name=Sato>{{Cite book |last=Sato |author-link=Hiroaki Sato (translator) |first=Hiroaki |title=Legends of the Samurai |publisher=Overlook Duckworth |year=1995 |isbn=9781590207307 |pages=206–07}}</ref>
At some point in his life after his "coming of age" ceremony, the young man decided to rebel against his father, [[Takeda Nobutora]]. He finally succeeded in 1540, successfully taking control of the clan. Events regarding this change of leadership are not entirely clear, but it is thought that Nobutora had planned to name the second son, [[Takeda Nobushige|Nobushige]], as his heir instead of Shingen. The
==Takeda campaign==
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===Shinano campaign===
Shingen's first act was to gain a hold of the area around him. His goal was to conquer [[Shinano Province]]. A number of the major warlords in the Shinano region marched on the border of [[Kai Province]], hoping to neutralize the power of the still-young Shingen before he had a chance to expand into their lands. However, planning to beat him down at [[Fuchū, Tokyo|Fuchu]] (where word had it Shingen was gathering his forces for a stand), they were unprepared when [[Takeda clan|Takeda]] forces suddenly came down upon them at the [[Battle of Sezawa]]. Taking advantage of their confusion, Shingen was able to win a quick victory, which set the stage for his drive into Shinano lands that same year and his successful [[Siege of Uehara]]. The young warlord made considerable advances into the region, conquering the [[Suwa clan|Suwa clan's]] headquarters in the [[Siege of Kuwabara]], before moving into central Shinano with the defeat of both [[Tozawa Yorichika]] and [[Takato Yoritsugu]] in the [[Siege of Fukuyo]] and [[Battle of Ankokuji]]. In 1543, he captured [[Siege of Nagakubo|Nagakubo Castle]], [[Siege of Kojinyama|Kojinyama Castle]] in 1544, and then [[Siege of Takatō (1545)|Takatō Castle]] and [[Siege of Ryūgasaki|Ryūgasaki Castle]] in 1545. In 1546 he took [[Siege of Uchiyama|Uchiyama Castle]] and won the [[Battle of Odaihara]]. In 1547, he took [[Siege of Shika Castle|Shika Castle]].
In 1548, Shingen defeated [[Ogasawara Nagatoki]] in the [[Battle of Shiojiritoge]] and then took [[Siege of Fukashi|Fukashi Castle]] in 1550.<ref name=Turnbull2/> However, the warlord was [[Battle of Uedahara|checked at Uedahara]] by [[Murakami Yoshikiyo]], losing two of his generals in a heated battle which Murakami won. Shingen managed to avenge this loss and the [[Murakami Castle|Murakami clan]] was eventually defeated in the [[sieges of Toishi]]. Murakami fled the region, eventually coming to plead for help from the [[Echigo Province|Province of Echigo]].
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===Conflict with Hojo===
{{Main|Siege of Hachigata (1568)|Siege of Odawara (1569)|Battle of Mimasetoge}}
In 1568, as a response to [[
After defeating the intervention forces commanded by [[Hōjō Ujimasa]] of [[Sagami Province]], Shingen finally secured the [[Suruga Province]], formerly base of the prestigious [[Imagawa clan]], as a [[Takeda clan|Takeda]] asset in 1569.
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==Legacy==
Upon Takeda Shingen's death, [[Uesugi Kenshin]] reportedly wept at the loss of one of his strongest and most deeply-respected rivals.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Satō |first=Hiroaki |author-link=Hiroaki Sato (translator) |title=Legends of the samurai |publisher=Overlook Press |year=1995 |isbn=0879516194 |location=Woodstock |pages=225 |language=En}}</ref> However, historian Kazuto Hongō viewed that despite the advantage of advanced military doctrines and administration systems established by Shingen, his efforts
One of the most lasting tributes to Shingen's prowess was that of [[Tokugawa Ieyasu]] himself, who is known to have borrowed heavily from the old Takeda leader's governmental and military innovations after he had taken leadership of [[Kai Province]] during [[Toyotomi Hideyoshi]]'s rise to power. There are two most notable moments of the incorporation of the Takeda clan elements into the Tokugawa clan regime. The first was during the [[
* 70 former Takeda samurai from [[Tsuchiya clan]] under the command of Ii Naomasa (another source mentioned that total of 120 Takeda samurai warriors.<ref name=hikae>{{harvtxt|山本博文監修|2007|p=23}}</ref>
* 11 former Takeda samurai from Komai clan led by [[:jp:駒井政直|Komai Masanao]] under the command of [[Sakakibara Yasumasa]].
* 60 former Takeda samurai of Asari clan led by Asari Masatane under the command of [[Honda Tadakatsu]].
* Huge portions of Takeda clans vassals under the direct control of Ieyasu himself, including clans which led by Yoda Nobushige. Among those who were
Historian Masaru Hirayama argued, the outcome of this war which involved the absorption of Takeda retainers into Tokugawa ranks was not only just factional conflict in the eastern province, but it determined the unification of Japan in the future, as it pushed Tokugawa Ieyasu into the key position of Toyotomi government.<ref>{{cite book |author1= Democratic Scientists Association (Japan). History Section, Council on Historical Science |title=歴史評論, Volumes 711-716 |trans-title=Historical Criticism, Volumes 711-716 |date=2009 |publisher=丹波書林 |pages=67, 75 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7-MyAQAAIAAJ |access-date=10 June 2024 |language=Ja}}</ref>
The second occasion of the further incorporation of Takeda clan's vassals occurred
Those statecrafting doctrine which Ieyasu practiced and learned from Shingen's former vassals greatly benefitted him in the long run, as being proven on the future, such as when Ieyasu transferring his powerbase to [[Kantō region]] in 1590, as he established new offices such as the '''Hachiōji sen'nin-dōshin''', which formed from patchwork memberships from 9 small clans of Takeda retainers. This group will continue to serve the Tokugawa clan faithfully as defender of Kai province during this period in service of Ieyasu. The Hachiōji sen'nin-dōshin served the Tokugawa clan even after Ieyasu's death, until their disbandment during [[Meiji Restoration]] in 1868.{{efn|At first, their members were 250 men. Then further expanded to 500 after Ieyasu transferred into [[Kantō region]]. later appointed as guardian of Hachiōji castle, and their memberships expanded from 500 to 1,000, thus became the reason that they were called "Hachiōji sen'nin-dōshin" (Hachiōji's 1,000 officers.<ref name=":Hachioji gang; Tokugawa">{{Cite journal|author=高橋磌一|date=July 1936 |title=八王子千人同心について|url=https://koara.lib.keio.ac.jp/xoonips/modules/xoonips/detail.php?koara_id=AN00100104-19360700-0129|journal=史学|volume=15|issue=2|pages=129–161|publisher=三田史学会}}</ref>}}
In conclusion, Historian such as Michifumi Isoda opined that one factor why the Tokugawa clan's could conquer Japan was due to the incorporation of former Takeda clan's vassals into the service of Ieyasu's military regime particularly under the command of his general [[Ii Naomasa]].<ref>{{cite book |author1=Michifumi Isoda |title=家康の誤算: 「神君の仕組み」の創造と崩壊 |date=2023 |publisher=株式会社PHP研究所 |url=https://bookmeter.com/books/21647184 |access-date=17 May 2024 |language=Ja}}</ref> While professor Watanabe Daimon also similarly stated that The Kai province samurai greatly influenced Ieyasu's domination of Japan.<ref>{{cite web |author1=Watanabe Daimon |title=「甲斐」が家康の天下取りを支えた? 戦国最強・武田軍と徳川の深い関係 |trans-title=Did "Kai" support Ieyasu's conquest of the country? The deep relationship between the Takeda army, the most powerful army in the Sengoku period, and the Tokugawa |url=https://rekishikaido.php.co.jp/detail/10456?p=2 |website=Rekishin Kaido |publisher=PHP研究所 |access-date=8 June 2024 |language=Ja |
=== Retainers ===
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[[File:Takeda24syou.jpg|thumb|upright|Takeda Shingen's 24 generals]]
Of his retainers, [[Kōsaka Masanobu]] stands out as being one of Shingen's better known beloveds, in the style of the Japanese [[shudō]] tradition. The two entered into the relationship when Shingen was 22 and Masanobu 16. The love pact signed by the two, in [[Tokyo University]]'s Historical Archive, documents Shingen's pledge that he was not involved in, nor had any intentions of entering into, a sexual relationship with a certain other retainer, and asserts that "since I want to be intimate with you" he will in no way harm the boy, and calls upon the gods to be his guarantors. (Leupp, pp.
[[Twenty-Four Generals of Takeda Shingen]]
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[[File:Shingen-ko_Festival_201904b.jpg|thumb|Shingen-ko Festival – The army corps in front of [[Maizuru Castle Park]] (2019)]]
Lasting three days, the {{nihongo|[[Shingen-ko Festival]]|信玄公祭り|Shingen-ko Matsuri}} is held annually on the first or second weekend of April in [[Kōfu]], [[Yamanashi Prefecture]] to celebrate the legacy of [[daimyō]] Takeda Shingen. In the lunar calendar, Shingen died on the 12th day of the 4th month, and so April
The parades are very theatrical, involving serious re-enactors who practice all year for this one weekend.<ref name="Shingen-Ko-2019">{{cite web|title=Shingen-ko Festival|publisher= "Shingen-ko Festival" Executive Planning Committee|date=February 1, 2019|language=en|url=https://www.yamanashi-kankou.jp/shingen/english/about.html|access-date= June 19, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190331014958/https://www.yamanashi-kankou.jp/shingen/english/about.html|archive-date=March 31, 2019}}</ref>
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[[Category:Daimyo]]
[[Category:Takeda clan]]
[[Category:16th-century Japanese
[[Category:16th-century Buddhist monks]]
[[Category:Japanese Buddhist clergy]]
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