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{{Short description|Museum and cultural heritage site in Moscow, Russia}}
{{UnreferencedMore citations needed|date=December 2010}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=DecemberFebruary 20102020}}▼
{{Infobox building
| name = Kremlin ArmoryArmoury
| native_name = Оружейная палата
| native_name_lang = ru
| former_names =
| alternate_names =
| image = KremlinMoscowKremlin Armoury S30.jpg
| caption = Moscow ArmoryArmoury
| image_map = Moscow_Kremlin_map_-_The_Armoury.png
| map_caption = Location in the Moscow Kremlin
Line 53 ⟶ 55:
| references =
}}
The '''Kremlin Armoury'''<ref group=Note>Officially called the "Armoury Chamber" but also known as the cannon yard, the "Armoury Palace", the "Moscow Armoury", the "Armoury Museum", and the "Moscow Armoury Museum" but different from the [[Kremlin Arsenal]].</ref> ({{langx|ru|Оружейная палата}}) is one of the oldest museums in Moscow. It is located in the [[Moscow Kremlin]], and is a part of the [[Moscow Kremlin Museums|Moscow Kremlin Museum]].
[[Image:Russian regalia.jpg|thumb|left|The Russian Imperial regalia, housed in the Kremlin Armoury.]]
[[ImageFile:Kremlin Armoury Treasureinterior Armoury03 Treasureby shakko.jpg|thumb|left|TreasuresKremlin of gold andArmoury silverinterior]]
[[ImageFile:MoscowPersian Arms and Armours - Kremlin EggArmoury Museum Moscow.jpg|thumb|left|ThePersian ArmouryArms hasand tenArmours [[Fabergé egg]]s, a collection equal toat the largestKremlin inArmoury the world.Museum]]
The Kremlin [[Armory (military)|Armoury]] originated as the royal [[arsenal]] in 1508. Until the transfer of the court to [[St Petersburg]], the Armoury was in charge of producing, purchasing and storing [[weapon]]sweapons, [[jewellery]]jewelry and various household articles of the tsars. The finest Muscovite [[gunsmith]]s (the Vyatkin brothers), [[jeweller]]sjewelers (Gavrila Ovdokimov), and [[Painting|painter]]spainters ([[Simon Ushakov]]) used to work there. In 1640 and 1683, they opened the [[iconography]] and pictorial [[studio]]sstudios, where the lessons on [[painting]] and [[handicraft]]shandicrafts could be given. In 1700, the Armoury was enriched with the treasures of the Golden and Silver chambers of the Russian tsars.▼
 
==History==
'''The Kremlin Armory''' ({{lang-ru|Оружейная палата}}) is one of the oldest [[museum]]s of [[Moscow]], established in 1808 and located in the [[Moscow Kremlin]] ([http://maps.google.com/maps?ll=55.749519,37.613336&spn=0.002811,0.007318&t=k&hl=en map]).
In 1711, [[Peter I of Russia|Peter the Great]] had the majority of masters transferred to his new capital, [[St. Petersburg]]. 15 years later, the Armoury was merged with the Fiscal Yard (the oldest depository of the royal treasures), [[Stable]]s Treasury (in charge of storing [[harness]]esharnesses and [[carriage]]scarriages) and the Master Chamber (in charge of sewing clothes and bedclothes for the [[tsar]]s). After that, the Armoury was renamed into the Arms and Master Chamber. [[Alexander I of Russia]] nominated the Armoury as the first public museum<ref>{{Cite inweb|url=https://www.moscovery.com/kremlin-armory-museum/|title=About The Kremlin Armoury Museum [[Moscow]In English]|access-date=5 April 2018|archive-date=6 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180406040237/https://www.moscovery.com/kremlin-armory-museum/|url-status=dead}}</ref> in Moscow in 1806, but the collections were not opened to the public until 7seven years later. The current Armoury building was erected in 1844-1851 by the imperial [[architect]] [[Konstantin Ton]]. The director of the museum from 1852 to 1870 was the writer [[Alexander Veltman]].▼
 
Ten of the 44 surviving [[Fabergé egg|Fabergé imperial Easter egg]]s are displayed at the Armory Museum.<ref name="Faberge Eggs - the fate of the eggs">{{cite web |url=https://www.pbs.org/treasuresoftheworld/faberge/flevel_1/f7_fate_of_eggs.html |title=Faberge Eggs – the fate of the eggs |publisher=Pbs.org |access-date=26 March 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120525225124/http://www.pbs.org/treasuresoftheworld/faberge/flevel_1/f7_fate_of_eggs.html |archive-date=25 May 2012 |url-status=live }}</ref> After the [[Russian Revolution (1917)|Russian Revolution]], the [[House of Romanov|imperial family]]'s palaces were ransacked and their treasures moved to the Kremlin Armoury on order of [[Vladimir Lenin]].<ref name="Faberge Eggs - the fate of the eggs"/>
▲The Kremlin [[Armory (military)|Armoury]] originated as the royal [[arsenal]] in 1508. Until the transfer of the court to [[St Petersburg]], the Armoury was in charge of producing, purchasing and storing [[weapon]]s, [[jewellery]] and various household articles of the tsars. The finest Muscovite [[gunsmith]]s (the Vyatkin brothers), [[jeweller]]s (Gavrila Ovdokimov), and [[Painting|painter]]s ([[Simon Ushakov]]) used to work there. In 1640 and 1683, they opened the [[iconography]] and pictorial [[studio]]s, where the lessons on [[painting]] and [[handicraft]]s could be given. In 1700, the Armoury was enriched with the treasures of the Golden and Silver chambers of the Russian tsars.
 
==Russian Diamond Fund==
▲In 1711, [[Peter I of Russia|Peter the Great]] had the majority of masters transferred to his new capital, [[St.Petersburg]]. 15 years later, the Armoury was merged with the Fiscal Yard (the oldest depository of the royal treasures), [[Stable]]s Treasury (in charge of storing [[harness]]es and [[carriage]]s) and the Master Chamber (in charge of sewing clothes and bedclothes for the [[tsar]]s). After that, the Armoury was renamed into the Arms and Master Chamber. [[Alexander I of Russia]] nominated the Armoury as the first public museum in [[Moscow]] in 1806, but the collections were not opened to the public until 7 years later. The current Armoury building was erected in 1844-1851 by the imperial [[architect]] [[Konstantin Ton]]. The director of the museum from 1852 to 1870 was the writer [[Alexander Veltman]].
Beside the Armoury Chamber/Museum, the Kremlin Armoury is also currently home to the [[Diamond Fund|Russian Diamond Fund]].
 
==Notes==
After the [[Bolshevik Revolution]], the Armoury collection was enriched with treasures taken from the [[Patriarch]] [[sacristy]], Kremlin [[cathedral]]s, monasteries and private collections. Some of these were sold abroad on behest of [[Stalin]] in the 1930s. In 1960, the Armoury became the official museum of the Kremlin. Two years later, the Patriarch chambers and the Cathedral of the Twelve Apostles were assigned to the Armoury in order to house the Applied Arts Museum.
{{Reflist|group=Note}}
 
==References==
Nowadays, the Kremlin Armoury is home to the [[Diamond Fund|Russian Diamond Fund]]. It boasts unique collections of the Russian, [[Western European]] and [[Eastern world|Eastern]] [[applied arts]] spanning the period from the 5th to the 20th centuries. Some of the highlights include the [[Imperial Crown of Russia]], [[Monomakh's Cap]], the ivory throne of [[Ivan the Terrible]], and other regal [[throne]]s and [[regalia]]; the [[Orlov (diamond)|Orloff Diamond]]; the [[helmet]] of [[Yaroslav II of Vladimir|Yaroslav II]]; the [[sabre]]s of [[Kuzma Minin]] and [[Dmitri Mikhailovich Pozharski|Dmitri Pozharski]]; the 12-century [[necklace]]s from [[Ryazan]]; golden and silver tableware; articles, decorated with [[Vitreous enamel|enamel]], [[niello]] and [[engraving]]s; [[embroidery]] with gold and pearls; imperial carriages, weapons, [[armour]], and the ''[[Memory of Azov (Fabergé egg)|Memory of Azov]]'', ''[[Bouquet of Lilies Clock (Fabergé egg)|Bouquet of Lilies Clock]]'', ''[[Trans-Siberian Railway (Fabergé egg)|Trans-Siberian Railway]]'', ''[[Clover Leaf (Fabergé egg)|Clover Leaf]]'', ''[[Moscow Kremlin (Fabergé egg)|Moscow Kremlin]]'', ''[[Alexander Palace (Fabergé egg)|Alexander Palace]]'', ''[[Standart Yacht (Fabergé egg)|Standart Yacht]]'', ''[[Alexander III Equestrian (Fabergé egg)|Alexander III Equestrian]]'', ''[[Romanov Tercentenary (Fabergé egg)|Romanov Tercentenary]]'', ''[[Steel Military (Fabergé egg)|Steel Military]]'' [[Fabergé eggs]]. The 10 Fabergé eggs in the Armoury collection (all Imperial eggs) are the most Imperial eggs, and the second-most overall Fabergé eggs, owned by a single owner.
{{Commons category}}
{{Reflist}}
 
==External links==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120702230434/http://www.kreml.ru/en/museums/armoury/ Kremlin Museums: The Armoury Chamber]
* [http://tour-planet.com/articles/52 The Armory Chamber – Travel Guide]
 
{{Kremlin}}
{{Authority control}}
▲{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2010}}
 
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Moscow]]
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[[Category:Military and war museums in Russia]]
[[Category:Moscow Kremlin]]
[[Category:ArmouriesArmories (military)]]
[[Category:Russian Revival architecture]]
[[Category:Jewellery museums]]
 
[[Category:Decorative arts museums in Russia]]
[[bg:Оръжейна палата (Москва)]]
[[Category:Cultural heritage monuments of federal significance in Moscow]]
[[de:Rüstkammer des Moskauer Kremls]]
[[es:Armería del Kremlin]]
[[fr:Palais des Armures]]
[[it:Palazzo dell'Armeria]]
[[he:נשקיית הקרמלין]]
[[ka:კრემლის იარაღის პალატა]]
[[mk:Палата на оружјето (Москва)]]
[[pl:Zbrojownia kremlowska]]
[[pt:Palácio do Arsenal do Kremlin]]
[[ru:Оружейная палата]]
[[sr:Палата оружја]]
[[fi:Kremlin asehuone]]
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