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{{Update|taxonomy in baltimore sections [ICTV release 2018b→2019]|date=January 2021}}
[[File:18 2014 1695 Fig1 HTML.webp|thumb|Taxonomy and replication strategies of different types of RNA viruses]]
An '''RNA virus''' is a [[virus]]{{em dash}}other than a [[retrovirus]]{{em dash}}that has ribonucleic acid ([[RNA]]) as its [[genetic material]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Wagner |first1=Edward K. |last2=Hewlett |first2=Martinez J. |title=Basic virology |url=https://archive.org/details/basicvirology0000wagn |access-date=30 March 2020 |year=1999 |publisher=Blackwell Science, Inc. |location=Malden, MA |isbn=0-632-04299-0 |page=249 }}</ref> The [[nucleic acid]] is usually [[single-stranded]] RNA ([[ssRNA]]) but it may be double-stranded (dsRNA).<ref name = Pattonrnav/> Notable human diseases caused by RNA viruses include [[common cold|the common cold]], [[influenza]], [[SARS]], [[MERS]], [[COVID-19]], [[Dengue
The [[International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses]] (ICTV) classifies RNA viruses as those that belong to ''Group III'', ''Group IV'' or ''Group V'' of the [[Virus classification#Baltimore classification|Baltimore classification]] system. This category excludes ''Group VI'', viruses with RNA genetic material but which use [[DNA]] intermediates in their [[Viral life cycle|life cycle]]: these are called [[retrovirus]]es,<ref name="titleListing in Taxonomic Order—Index to ICTV Species Lists">{{cite web|title=Listing in Taxonomic Order – Index to ICTV Species Lists|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/Ictv/fr-fst-g.htm|access-date=2008-04-11}}</ref> including [[HIV-1]] and [[HIV-2]] which cause [[AIDS]].
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File:Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus.jpg|[[Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus]] (''[[Arenaviridae]]'')
File:Sin Nombre virus Hanta TEM 1137 lores.jpg|[[Hantavirus]] (''[[Bunyaviridae]]'')
File:Marburg virus.jpg|[[Marburg
File:Ebola virions.png|[[Ebola virus]] (''[[Filoviridae]]'')
File:Influenza virus particle 8430 lores.jpg|[[Influenza]] (''[[Orthomyxoviridae]]'')
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