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[[File:Powdery mildew.JPG|thumb|[[Powdery mildew]], a biotrophic [[Ascomycota|Ascomycete]] fungus]]
Most phytopathogenic fungi are [[Ascomycota|Ascomycetes]] or [[Basidiomycota|Basidiomycetes]]. They reproduce both [[sexual reproduction|sexually]] and [[asexual reproduction|asexually]] via the production of [[spores]] and other structures. Spores may be spread long distances by air or water, or they may be soil borne. Many soil inhabiting fungi are capable of living [[saprotroph]]ically, carrying out the
Fungal diseases may be controlled through the use of [[fungicides]] and other
Biotrophic fungal pathogens colonize living plant tissue and obtain nutrients from living host cells. [[Necrotroph]]ic fungal pathogens infect and kill host tissue and extract nutrients from the dead host cells.<ref>Yu. T Dyakov, Chapter 0 - Overview on parasitism, Editors: Yu, T. Dyakov, V.G. Dzhavakhiya, T. Korpela, ''Studies in Plant Science, Comprehensive and Molecular Phytopathology'', Elsevier, 2007, Pages 3-17, ISSN 0928-3420, ISBN 9780444521323, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-044452132-3/50003-1.</ref>
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