View source for 1936 Manukau by-election

{{short description|New Zealand by-election}}
{{Use New Zealand English|date=April 2024}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{Infobox election
| election_name      = 1936 Manukau by-election
| country            = New Zealand
| flag_year          = 1936
| type               = presidential
| ongoing            = no
| previous_election  = 1935 New Zealand general election
| previous_year      = 1935 general
| next_election      = 1938 New Zealand general election
| next_year          = 1938 general
| seats_for_election = 
| election_date      = 30 September 1936
| turnout            = 12,591 (78.69%)
| image1             = [[File:Arthur George Osborne.tif|100px]]
| candidate1         = [[Arthur Osborne (politician)|Arthur Osborne]]
| party1             = New Zealand Labour Party
| popular_vote1      = '''8,593	'''
| percentage1        = '''68.24%'''
| image2             = [[File:Frederick Doidge.jpg|108px]]
| candidate2         = [[Frederick Doidge]]
| party2             = New Zealand National Party
| popular_vote2      = 3,998
| percentage2        = 31.75%
| title              = MP
| map_image          = Manukau electorate 1928-38.png
| map_size           = 
| map_caption        = Manukau electorate boundaries used for the by-election
| before_election    = [[Bill Jordan (politician)|Bill Jordan]]
| before_party       = New Zealand Labour Party
| after_election     = [[Arthur Osborne (politician)|Arthur Osborne]]
| after_party        = New Zealand Labour Party
}}
The '''1936 Manukau by-election''' was a [[by-election]] during the [[25th New Zealand Parliament]] in the {{NZ electorate link|Manukau}} electorate. It was held on Wednesday 30 September 1936. This by-election came about because of the resignation of [[Bill Jordan (politician)|Bill Jordan]] upon his appointment to the position of High Commissioner to the UK during the term of the [[25th New Zealand Parliament]]. The by-election in the {{NZ electorate link|Manukau}} electorate was contested by [[Arthur Osborne (politician)|Arthur Osborne]] for [[New Zealand Labour Party|Labour]] and [[Frederick Doidge]] for [[New Zealand National Party|National]], with Osborne winning the election.

==Background and candidates==
A by-election was triggered due to [[Bill Jordan (politician)|Bill Jordan]]'s resignation upon his appointment to the post of [[List of high commissioners of New Zealand to the United Kingdom|High Commissioner to the United Kingdom]].{{sfn|Scholefield|1950|p=144}}

===Labour===
The Labour party chose [[Arthur Osborne (politician)|Arthur Osborne]] as their candidate for the seat. He had previously contested the {{NZ electorate link|Waitemata}} electorate unsuccessfully in the {{NZ election link year|1925}}, {{NZ election link year|1928}}, and {{NZ election link|1931}}s.<ref name="1925 election">{{cite book |title=The General Election, 1925 |year=1926 |publisher=Government Printer |url= https://atojs.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/atojs?a=d&d=AJHR1926-I.2.2.6.39 |page=1 |access-date=20 November 2014}}</ref><ref name="1928 election" >{{cite book |title=The General Election, 1928 |year=1929 |publisher=Government Printer |url= https://atojs.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/atojs?a=d&cl=search&d=AJHR1929-I.2.3.2.37 |page=5 |access-date=29 November 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Election Counts |url= https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=AS19311209.2.109 |access-date=28 October 2014 |work=[[Auckland Star]] |volume=LXII |issue=291 |date=9 December 1931 |page=9}}</ref> In the {{NZ election link|1935}}, he unsuccessfully contested the {{NZ electorate link|Parnell}} electorate.<ref>{{cite news |title=Final Counts |url= https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=AS19351205.2.66 |access-date=14 November 2013 |work=[[Auckland Star]] |date=5 December 1935 |volume=LXVI |issue=288 |page=8}}</ref>

The unsuccessful nominees for the Labour candidacy were [[Mary Dreaver]], [[Alec Monteith]] and James Purtell.<ref>{{cite news |title=Manukau Seat |url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/AS19360811.2.87 |access-date=26 December 2018 |work=[[Auckland Star]] |date=11 August 1936 |volume=LXVII |issue=189 |page=9 }}</ref>

===National===
The newly created National Party chose [[Frederick Doidge]] as their contestant for the seat. In the [[1935 New Zealand general election|1935 election]], Doidge ran as an [[Independent politician|Independent]] in the {{NZ electorate link|Rotorua}} electorate, despite briefly courting the anti-Labour [[New Zealand Democrat Party (1934)|Democrat Party]].<ref name="DNZB Doidge">{{DNZB|Waterson|D. B.|5d20|Doidge, Frederick Widdowson|8 November 2013}}</ref> Of the four candidates, he came second after [[New Zealand Labour Party|Labour]]'s [[Alexander Moncur]].<ref name="1935 election">{{cite news |title=General Election |url= https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=EP19351207.2.96 |access-date=16 November 2013 |work=[[The Evening Post (New Zealand)|The Evening Post]] |date=7 December 1935 |volume=CXX |issue=138 |page=11}}</ref> As a new party this was National's first real electoral test to see if the unification of the United, Reform & Democrat parties would be able to combat Labour more effectively.

==Results==
The following table contains the results of the by-election:
{{1936 Manukau by-election}}

The Manukau electorate was abolished at the next election in {{NZ election link year|1938}}. Osborne shifted to the new seat of {{NZ electorate link|Onehunga}}, which he held until his death in 1953. Doidge later represented the electorate of {{NZ electorate link|Tauranga}} for National from 1938 to 1951, when he retired.<ref name="DNZB Doidge" />

==Notes==
{{Reflist}}

==References== 
*{{cite book |last= Scholefield |first= Guy |title= New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1949 |author-link = Guy Scholefield |edition=3rd |orig-year=First published in 1913 |year= 1950 |publisher=Govt. Printer |location= Wellington}}

{{1912–1938 New Zealand by-elections}}

[[Category:By-elections in New Zealand|Manukau 1936]]
[[Category:1936 elections in New Zealand]]
[[Category:Politics of the Auckland Region]]