View source for 1985 Maccabiah Games

{{Infobox games
| name               = 12th Maccabiah
| logo               = 1985 Maccabiah logo.jpg
| size               = 240
| caption            =
| host_city          = [[Tel Aviv]], [[Israel]]
| nations            = 38<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://www.maccabicanada.com/about-us/history-and-milestones/12th-maccabiah-1985|title=12th Maccabiah 1985|website=Maccabi Canada}}</ref>
| athletes           = 3,700
| events             = 
| opening            = 
| closing            = 
| opened_by          = 
| stadium            = [[Ramat Gan Stadium]]
| debuting_countries = {{flag|Gibraltar}} <br /> {{flag|Guam}} <br /> {{flag|Panama}} <br /> {{flag|Zaire}}
| previous           = [[11th Maccabiah]]
| next               = [[13th Maccabiah]] 
}}
The '''12th [[Maccabiah Games]]''' brought over 4,000 athletes to [[Israel]] from 38 nations to compete in 28 sports.

==History==
The Maccabiah Games were first held in [[1932 Maccabiah Games|1932]].<ref>[http://www.cjnews.com/perspectives/20th-maccabiah-games-pt-1 "The 20th Maccabiah Games: A brief History (Part 1),"<!-- Bot generated title -->] ''The Canadian Jewish News''.</ref> In 1961, they were declared a "Regional Sports Event" by, and under the auspices and supervision of, the [[International Olympic Committee]].<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nTHRB6Fj_4gC&dq=maccabiah+games+olympics+regional+sport+event&pg=PA56|title=Gender Politics and the Olympic Industry|author=Helen Jefferson Lenskyj|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|year=2012|isbn=9781137291158}}</ref><ref name=bard>Mitchell G. Bard and Moshe Schwartz (2005). [https://books.google.com/books?id=PeJFAAAAQBAJ&dq=Bard+and+Schwartz+maccabiah&pg=PA85 ''1001 Facts Everyone Should Know about Israel''] p. 84.</ref><ref name=MaccabiAu>{{cite web|title=History of the Maccabiah Games|url=http://www.maccabi.com.au/Maccabiah/Page/1591/Maccabiah-Games-History/History-of-the-Maccabiah-Games.cfm|publisher=Maccabi Australia|accessdate=|archive-date=2018-09-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180913002319/http://www.maccabi.com.au/Maccabiah/Page/1591/Maccabiah-Games-History/History-of-the-Maccabiah-Games.cfm|url-status=dead}}</ref> Among other Olympic and world champions, swimmer [[Mark Spitz]] won 10 Maccabiah gold medals before earning his first of nine Olympic gold medals.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://forward.com/news/510411/at-the-maccabiah-300-jewish-american-athletes-become-bar-and-bat-mitzvah/|title=At Maccabiah Games, 300 Jewish American athletes become bar and bat mitzvah|date=July 14, 2022|website=The Forward}}</ref>

==Opening ceremonies==

Twenty years after his first appearance in the Maccabiah, [[Olympic Games|Olympic]] champion [[Mark Spitz]] returned to Israel to carry the Opening Ceremony’s Torch into [[Ramat Gan Stadium]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/History/Maccabiah.html |title=Jewish Virtual Library ', Maccabiah Games' |publisher=Jewishvirtuallibrary.org |access-date=January 30, 2011}}</ref> He was accompanied by Shirli Shapiro, Anok Spitzer, and Shlomit Romano, children of three of the Israelis slain in the [[Munich Massacre]] at the [[1972 Munich Olympics]].

==Notable competitors==
Seven men's and 14 women's records were broken in swimming, with the U.S. team winning all but three of the [[gold medal]]s in this category. Twelve new men's records and 7 new women's records were broken in [[track and field]]. The U.S. won 109 gold medals, 90 [[silver medal]]s, and 74 [[bronze medal]]s, slightly fewer than half of the medals won by all other countries combined.

Canadian [[Mark Berger (judoka)|Mark Berger]], who had won a silver medal at the Olympics the year prior, won a gold medal in judo.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.maccabicanada.com/1985-maccabiah-delegation|title=1985 Team Canada Delegation}}</ref>  Brazilian [[Márcio Stambowsky]] won a bronze medal in judo.<ref>{{cite book |last=Gracie |first=Reila |date=2015 |title=Carlos Gracie the Creator of a Fighting Dynasty | language=Portuguese |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uJ8TAQAAIAAJ |publisher=RG Art Publishing LLC |page=483  |isbn=978-0578150109 |quote=O vencedor disputaria a final com Márcio Stambowsky, faixa preta de Rolls, que se encontrava em ótima forma. Como já o havia vencido na academia, Rickson esperava que Márcio lhe desse a vitória, mas este deixou a decisão por conta de seu professor: 'O que Rolls decidir eu faço.' }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bjjheroes.com/bjj-fighters/marcio-stambowsky |title=Marcio Stambowsky Main Achievements |last=Borges |first=Andre |website=BJJ Heroes |access-date=February 9, 2017 |quote=AABB Champion, Rio de Janeiro Champion, Maccabiah Bronze}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Valuzzo |first=Rocco |date=August 13, 2015 |title=Stambowsky Shares Passion for Jiu Jitsu |url=http://www.thewestonforum.com/52715/stambowsky-shares-passion-for-jiu-jitsu/ |work=The Weston Forum |location=Weston, Connecticut |access-date=June 1, 2017 |quote=Stambowsky began competing in jiu-jitsu tournaments in his native country in 1977 and also at the Maccabiah Games in Israel in 1985 before retiring from competition in 1993. Two years later he coached at the Pan American Games in Argentina. |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806184246/http://www.thewestonforum.com/52715/stambowsky-shares-passion-for-jiu-jitsu/ |archive-date=August 6, 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

[[James Espir]] of the United Kingdom won a gold medal in the 1,500 m run.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://archive.org/stream/TheJerusalemPost1985IsraelEnglish/Jul%2026%201985%2C%20The%20Jerusalem%20Post%2C%20%2315972%2C%20Israel%20%28en%29_djvu.txt|title=Full text of "The Jerusalem Post Magazine, 1985, Israel, English"}}</ref> American [[Ken Flax]] won the gold medal in the hammer throw.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1989-07-03-sp-2467-story.html|title=The Sidelines : Security Tight at Maccabiah Games|date=July 3, 1989|website=Los Angeles Times}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.upi.com/Archives/1989/07/09/Flax-sets-Maccabiah-record/6341615960000/|title=Flax sets Maccabiah record|website=UPI}}</ref> Canadian [[Gordon Orlikow]], who later was a bronze medalist in the decathlon at the Pan American Games, won the gold medal in the men's decathlon with 7,141 points (finishing in first place in the 110 m hurdles and 1,500 m run, and in second place in the [[400 m]] run, the [[long jump]], [[discus]], javelin, and [[shot put]]), and broke the Maccabiah Games record in the 100-meter hurdles at 14.73 seconds, earning a second gold medal.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.jta.org/archive/u-s-israel-vie-for-maccabiah-medals|title=U.S., Israel Vie for Maccabiah Medals|publisher=Jewish Telegraphic Agency|date=July 25, 1985}}</ref><ref>[http://209.212.22.88/Data/RBR/1980-1989/1985/1985.07.24.pdf "Americans Increase Their Medal Tally in Maccabiah Games,"] ''The Register'', Vol. 107, No. 331, p. 57, July 24, 1985.</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=CuFNAQAAIAAJ&q=%22gordon+orlikow%22 Volume 134], ''Northern California Jewish Bulletin'', p. 46, July 1985.</ref><ref name="auto3">{{Cite web|url=https://newspapers.lib.sfu.ca/cjn2-21661/page-6|title= Canada Records Finest Ever Maccabiah Showing|author=Paul Lungen & David Pierson|page =6 |date=August 15, 1985|work=The Canadian Jewish News}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.upi.com/Archives/1981/07/13/Track-and-Field-Results-Macabiah-James-At-Tel-Aviv-July-13/3259363844800/|title=Track and Field Results Maccabiah James At Tel Aviv, July 13|website=UPI|date=July 13, 1981}}</ref>

American [[Donna Orender]] played for, was the oldest player on, and was captain of the Team USA women's basketball team.<ref name=autogeneratedx>[https://www.maccabiusa.com/about/legends/donna-orender/ Legends Donna Orender] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171019023401/https://www.maccabiusa.com/about/legends/donna-orender/ |date=2017-10-19 }} "Donna Orender" | Maccabi USA</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.maccabiusa.com/about/legends/donna-orender/ |title="Donna Orender" {{!}} Maccabi USA<!-- Bot generated title --> |access-date=2018-04-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171019023401/https://www.maccabiusa.com/about/legends/donna-orender/ |archive-date=2017-10-19 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Ron Kaplan|title=The Jewish Olympics: The History of the Maccabiah Games|publisher=[[Skyhorse Publishing]]| year=2015|isbn=978-1-63220-855-2|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SbVGCgAAQBAJ&pg=PT184|page=184}}</ref>
 
[[Robbie Weingard]] played basketball for Team USA, helping it win a gold medal.<ref name=HYP>{{cite web| title =Company Leadership| work =HYP Online| publisher =HYP| year=2014|url =http://www.hyponline.com/company.asp?area=leadership| accessdate = March 6, 2014}}</ref> Israeli [[Ari Rosenberg]] won a silver medal in basketball with Team Israel.

American [[Ronni Reis]] won the gold medal, and American [[Jamie Golder]] won the silver medal, in the women's singles tennis event.<ref>{{cite news |title=Dramatic Tennis Singles Match |url=https://www.jta.org/1985/07/26/archive/at-the-maccabiah-games-u-s-wins-the-most-medals-with-246-israel-comes-in-second-with-217 |work=[[Jewish Telegraphic Agency]] |date=July 26, 1985}}</ref> [[Shawn Lipman]] represented South Africa in rugby union, winning a gold medal.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://usmaccabiahrugby.com/player/shawn-lipman/|title=US Maccabiah Rugby » Shawn Lipman}}</ref>

American soccer future Hall of Famer [[Jeff Agoos]] and [[Seth Roland]] competed in soccer for the United States, which came in 6th.<ref name=JVL>{{cite web | title=Jeff Agoos | url=https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/biography/Jeff_Agoos.html | publisher=Jewish Virtual Library | access-date=April 11, 2009}}</ref><ref name="autogenerated1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.socceramerica.com/publications/article/16882/jeff-agoos-1996-was-the-year-of-the-goose.html|title=Jeff Agoos: 1996 was the Year of the Goose|website=socceramerica.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://docplayer.net/179128726-Growing-up-in-south-africa-where-rugby-is-as-revered-as-american-football-is-in-the-usa.html|title=GROWING UP IN SOUTH AFRICA, WHERE RUGBY IS AS REVERED AS AMERICAN FOOTBALL IS IN THE USA|website=docplayer.net}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://northeastconference.org/news/2009/6/24/fdurolandmaccabiahgames.aspx?path=msoc|title=FDU's Seth Roland Named US Maccabiah Soccer Team Head Coach|website=northeastconference.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://fduknights.com/mobile/staff.aspx?staff=60 |title=FDU Knights |access-date=2022-09-02 |archive-date=2016-03-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304205058/http://fduknights.com/mobile/staff.aspx?staff=60 |url-status=dead }}</ref>  [[Nir Levine]] competed for Israel, which won the gold medal.

A Junior Maccabiah was held for the first time.<ref name="auto"/>

==Participating communities==
Thirty-eight nations sent delegations.<ref name="auto"/> The number in parentheses indicates the number of participants that community contributed.

{{Div col|colwidth=13em}} 
* {{flag|Argentina}}
* {{flag|Australia}}
* {{flag|Austria}}
* {{flag|Belgium}}
* {{flag|Bermuda}}
* {{flag|Brazil|1968}}
* {{flag|Canada}}
* {{flag|Chile}}
* {{flag|Colombia}}
* {{flag|Denmark}}
* {{flag|Ecuador}}
* {{flag|Finland}}
* {{flag|France}}
* {{flag|West Germany}}
* {{flag|Gibraltar}}
* {{flag|Guam}}
* {{flag|India}}
* {{flag|Israel}}
* {{flag|Italy}}
* {{flag|Japan|1947}}
* {{flag|Mexico}}
* {{flag|Netherlands}}
* {{flag|Norway}}
* {{flag|Panama}}
* {{flag|Peru}}
* {{flag|Puerto Rico|1952}}
* {{flag|South Africa|1982}}
* {{flag|Sweden}}
* {{flag|Switzerland}}
* {{flag|Turkey}}
* {{flag|United Kingdom}}
* {{flag|United States}}
* {{flag|Uruguay}}
* {{flag|Venezuela|1930}}
* {{flag|United States Virgin Islands|name=Virgin Islands}}
* {{flag|Yugoslavia}}
* {{flag|Zaire}}
 {{div col end}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://www.jewishsports.net/the_maccabiah_games.htm Summaries of each of the Games]

{{Maccabiah Games}}

[[Category:1985 Maccabiah Games| ]]
[[Category:1985 in multi-sport events|Maccabiah Games]]
[[Category:1985 in Israeli sport|Maccabiah Games]]
[[Category:Maccabiah Games]]
[[Category:1980s in Tel Aviv]]