View source for HMS Britannia (1820)

{{short description|Ship of the line of the Royal Navy}}

{{other ships|HMS Britannia}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2018}}
{{Use British English|date=February 2018}}
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{{Infobox ship image
|Ship image=HMS Britannia and HMS Malelina by John H. Wilson.jpg
|Ship caption=[[Watercolor]] of HMS ''Britannia'', c. 1834, by [[John Wilson (painter)|John H. Wilson]]
}}
{{Infobox ship career
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|Ship country=[[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland|United Kingdom]]
|Ship flag=[[File:Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg|60px|Royal Navy Ensign]]
|Ship name=HMS ''Britannia''
|Ship ordered=6 November 1812
|Ship builder=Devonport Dockyard
|Ship laid down=December 1813
|Ship launched=20 October 1820
|Ship acquired=
|Ship commissioned=
|Ship decommissioned=
|Ship in service=
|Ship out of service=
|Ship renamed=
|Ship struck=
|Ship reinstated=
|Ship honours=
|Ship captured=
|Ship fate=Broken up, 1869

|Ship notes=
}}
{{Infobox ship characteristics
|Hide header=
|Header caption=as built<ref name="Lavery, SoLv1 p187">Lavery, Ships of the Line, vol. 1, p. 187.</ref>
|Ship class={{sclass|Caledonia|ship of the line|3}}
|Ship tons burthen=2616 [[Builder's Old Measurement|bm]]
|Ship length={{convert|205|ft|m|abbr=on}} (gundeck)
|Ship beam={{convert|53|ft|6|in|m|abbr=on}}
|Ship draught=
|Ship hold depth={{convert|23|ft|2|in|m|abbr=on}}
|Ship sail plan=[[Full-rigged ship]]
|Ship propulsion=Sails
|Ship complement=
|Ship armament=*120 guns:
*Gun deck: 32 × 32-pdrs
*Middle gun deck: 34 × 24-pdrs
*Upper gun deck: 34 × 18-pdrs
*Quarterdeck: 6 × 12-pdrs, 10 × 32-pdr [[carronade]]s
*Forecastle: 2 × 12-pdrs, 2 × 32-pdr carronades
*Poop deck: 6 × 18-pdr carronades
|Ship notes=
}}
{{Infobox ship characteristics
|Hide header=
|Header caption=after 1839
|Ship armament=*120 guns:
*Gun deck: 30 × 32-pdrs + 2 × 8&nbsp;in guns
*Middle gun deck: 32 × 32-pdrs + 2 × 8&nbsp;in guns
*Upper gun deck: 32 × 32-pdrs + 2 × 8&nbsp;in guns
*Quarterdeck: 4 × 32-pdrs + 12 × 32-pdr carronades
*Forecastle: 2 × 32-pdrs + 2 × 32-pdr carronades
|Ship notes=
}}
|}

'''HMS ''Britannia''''' was a 120-gun [[first-rate]] [[ship-of-the-line]] of the [[Royal Navy]], laid down in 1813 and launched on 20 October 1820.<ref name="Lavery, SoLv1 p187" />
[[File:George Chambers Snr - 'Britannia' Entering Portsmouth.jpg|thumb|left|''Britannia'' enters Portsmouth in 1835, [[George Chambers (painter)|George Chambers]]]]
Commissioned in 1823, she saw service in the [[Mediterranean]] from 1830-1 and in 1841. She was decommissioned in 1843,{{citation needed|date=May 2019}} before returning to service for the [[Crimean War]], serving as flagship of Admiral Sir [[James Whitley Deans Dundas|James Deans Dundas]],<ref name=Times301154/> commanding the British fleet in the Mediterranean and [[Black Sea]] from 1851–4.{{citation needed|date=May 2019}}. [[File:Giuseppe Schranz - The Gathering of the Fleets.jpg|thumb|''Britannia'' and the Allied Fleets anchored in the [[Bosporus|Bosphorus]], late 1853; the prelude to the Crimean war. Giuseppe Schranz]]She was engaged in the [[Siege of Sevastopol (1854–1855)|Bombardment of Sebastopol]] on  17 October 1854 during the [[Crimean War]].<ref name="Duckers, Appendix 10">Duckers, The Crimean War at Sea, Appendix 1.</ref> On [[Great Storm of 1854|14 November 1854]], she was driven ashore on the [[Russian Empire|Russian]] coast and was reported to have {{convert|5|ft|m|1}} of water in her hold.<ref name=Times301154>{{Cite newspaper The Times |title=(untitled) |date=30 November 1854 |page=6 |issue=21912 }}</ref>

She returned to England at the beginning of 1855 and that year became a hospital ship at [[Portsmouth]], then a cadet training ship in 1859.<ref name="Lavery, SoLv1 p187" /> She was moved to [[Portland Harbour|Portland]] in 1862, then [[Britannia Royal Naval College|Dartmouth]] in 1863, where she served as residential barracks for cadets.

She was finally sold for breaking up in 1869.<ref name="Lavery, SoLv1 p187" /> Her place at Dartmouth was taken by [[HMS Prince of Wales (1860)|HMS ''Prince of Wales'']], which was renamed ''Britannia'' for the role.

Generations of naval officers had their first taste of the navy aboard the two ''Britannia''s. Alumni included [[John Fisher, 1st Baron Fisher|John Fisher]], [[Percy Scott]], [[John Jellicoe, 1st Earl Jellicoe|John Jellicoe]], [[Roger Keyes]], [[William Boyle, 12th Earl of Cork|William Boyle]], [[Augustus Agar]] and [[George V of the United Kingdom|King George V]].


==Notes==
{{reflist}}

==References==
{{refbegin}}
*Lavery, Brian (2003) ''The Ship of the Line – Volume 1: The development of the battlefleet 1650-1850.'' Conway Maritime Press. {{ISBN|0-85177-252-8}}.
*Lyon, David and Winfield, Rif (2004) ''The Sail and Steam Navy List: All the Ships of the Royal Navy 1815-1889.'' Chatham Publishing, London. {{ISBN|1-86176-032-9}}.
*Duckers, Peter (2011) ''The Crimean War at Sea: The Naval Campaigns against Russia, 1854-56.'' Pen & Sword Maritime. {{ISBN|1-84884-267-8}}.
{{refend}}

==External links==
* {{Commons category-inline|HMS Britannia (ship, 1820)}}
* [http://dreadnoughtproject.org/tfs/index.php?title=H.M.S._Britannia_(Training_Ship) The Dreadnought Project]

{{Caledonia class ship of the line}}
{{1854 shipwrecks}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Britannia (1820)}}
[[Category:Ships of the line of the Royal Navy]]
[[Category:Ships built in Plymouth, Devon]]
[[Category:Caledonia-class ships of the line]]
[[Category:Hospital ships of the Royal Navy]]
[[Category:1820 ships]]
[[Category:Crimean War naval ships of the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Maritime incidents in November 1854]]


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