View source for Hills in the Puget Lowland

'''Hills in the Puget Lowland''', between the [[Cascade Mountains|Cascades]] and the [[Olympic Mountains]], including the entire [[Seattle metropolitan area]], are generally between {{convert|350|-|450|ft}} and rarely more than {{convert|500|ft}} above sea level. Hills are often notable geologically and for social reasons, such as the [[seven hills of Seattle]].

==Formation==
The [[Puget Sound region|Puget Lowland]] lies between the Cascades and Olympic Mountains and once contained a plateau of [[glacial till]] not usually more than {{convert|350|-|450|ft}} above sea level.<ref>[[#Williams|Williams 2000]] p. 87</ref><ref>[[#USDA1952|USDA 1952]] p.5</ref><ref>[[#Figge|Figge 2008]] p. 27</ref> The plateau, "the most prominent single landform of the entire region",{{sfn|Booth|1994}} was dissected by glacial outwash, forming present-day landforms: rivers, creeks and streams; [[glacial lakes]] such as [[Lake Washington]]; and numerous  [[Kettle (landform)|kettle lakes]], and [[Puget Sound]] itself. High points on the plateau remain, most of which are a [[drumlin]] (rocky glacial debris), or a bedrock intrusion that predated glaciation. Hills above 500 feet are considered exceptional.{{efn|"The elevation is, with some local exceptions, less than 150 meters (500 feet) above sea level. Much of the landscape consists of rolling hills with a relief of only a few hundred feet."{{sfn|Burns|1985|p=54}}}}

==Notable lowlands hills==
Hills are glacial deposits unless otherwise noted. King, Pierce and Snohomish Counties run up to the crest of the Cascades where their high points reside; therefore, the Cascades and attached foothills are excluded. Likewise for Thurston County in the Mount Rainier area, and Mason County's Olympic Mountains foothills.

===North Sound===
Landforms north of the [[Tacoma Narrows]] (Island, King, Kitsap, Pierce and Snohomish counties)

====Island County====
[[Whidbey Island]] and [[Camano Island]] are islands in Puget Sound and form the bulk of [[Island County, Washington|Island County]].
*Whidbey Island high point, {{convert|520|-|540|ft}}<ref>{{cite peakbagger|773|title=Whidbey Island High Point, Washington}}</ref> unnamed peak 500 meters from [[Naval Air Station Whidbey Island]]
*Camano Island high point, {{convert|580|ft}} unnamed peak, the lowest high point of any Washington county<ref name=Martin>[[#Martin|Martin 1994]]</ref>

====King County====
*[[Inglewood-Finn Hill, Washington|Finn Hill]], {{convert|440|ft}} altitude<ref>{{GNIS|1509741|Finn Hill, King County, Washington}}</ref>
*Rose Hill;<ref name=Raisz>[[#Raisz|Raisz 1941]]</ref> [[Forbes Creek (Washington)|Forbes Creek]] origin, {{convert|535|ft}}, Kirkland's high point<ref>{{cite peakbagger| pid = 17054 | title = Kirkland high point | accessdate = December 15, 2016}}</ref> (also see [[Bridle Trails State Park]])
*[[Union Hill-Novelty Hill, Washington|Novelty Hill]], Redmond's high point at {{circa}} {{convert|585|ft}}<ref>{{cite peakbagger|id=17056|name=Redmond High Point, Washington}}</ref>

;Seattle
*[[High Point, Seattle|High Point]], West Seattle, the highest point in the city at {{convert|520|ft}}
*[[Seven hills of Seattle]]
**[[First Hill, Seattle|First Hill]], nicknamed "Pill Hill" because of the many hospitals and clinics located there
**[[Yesler Terrace, Seattle|Yesler Hill]]
**[[Renton Hill, Seattle|Renton Hill]]
**[[Denny Hill]] – regraded, now called the Denny Regrade
**[[Capitol Hill, Seattle|Capitol Hill]]
**[[Queen Anne, Seattle|Queen Anne Hill]]
**[[Beacon Hill, Seattle|Beacon Hill]]

====Kitsap County====
{{main|List of mountains and hills of Kitsap County, Washington}}
The [[Blue Hills (Washington)|Blue Hills]] of the Kitsap Peninsula are unusual in that they are composed of basalt bedrock, not glacial till.{{sfn|Haeussler|Clark|2000}}
*[[Gold Mountain (Washington)|Gold Mountain]], {{convert|1,761|ft}} (Kitsap County h.p. & city of Bremerton watershed on mountain contains city h.p.)
*[[Green Mountain (Kitsap County, Washington)|Green Mountain]], {{convert|1,639|ft}}

[[Bainbridge Island]] is an island in Puget Sound.
*[[Toe Jam Hill]], Bainbridge Island's high point, {{convert|425|ft}}

====Pierce County====
*[[South Hill, Washington|South Hill]] above Puyallup, {{convert|541|ft}}<ref>{{GNIS|1867636|South Hill, Pierce County, Washington}}</ref>
*Argonne Forest hills at [[Fort Lewis (Washington)|Fort Lewis]],<!-- in Pierce, within 5 miles of Pierce-Thurston border --> formed of multiple layers of till deposited during Vashon glaciation; some hills may overlie drumlins from an earlier glacial phase.<ref>[[#forestry|Fort Lewis forestry plan, p. 8]]</ref> Hills are designated critical habitat for the [[Northern Spotted Owl]], an endangered species whose forest habitat in the Puget Lowland has been largely destroyed.<ref>[[#forestry|Fort Lewis forestry plan, p. 30]]</ref>
**Black Hill 502&nbsp;ft.<ref>{{cite peakbagger|27045|Black Hill, Washington}}</ref><ref>{{GNIS|1512012|Black Hill, Pierce County, Washington}}</ref>
**Heaton Hill 423&nbsp;ft.<ref>{{cite peakbagger|69369|Heaton Hill, Washington}}</ref><ref name=DeLorme62>[[#DeLorme|DeLorme 2002]] p. 62</ref><ref>{{GNIS|1512288|Heaton Hill, Pierce County, Washington}}</ref>
**Kelly Hill 458&nbsp;ft.<ref name=DeLorme62/><ref>{{cite peakbagger|69363|Kelly Hill, Washington}}</ref>
**Starr Hill 463–467&nbsp;ft.<ref name=DeLorme62/><ref>{{cite peakbagger|27050|Starr Hill, Washington}}</ref><ref>{{GNIS|1508698|Starr Hill, Pierce County, Washington}}</ref>

====Snohomish County====
*[[Bald Hill (Snohomish County, Washington)|Bald Hill]], {{convert|737|ft}}
*[[Lake Serene Hill]], Lynnwood<ref name=Raisz/><!-- marked as 500 ft hill on Raisz map--> {{convert|649|ft}}<ref>{{cite peakbagger|24359|Lake Serene Hill, Washington}}</ref><!-- confirmed from National Map online at city water towers 1 km south of Lake Serene (47.8599, -122.2835)--><!-- note [[Lake Serene]] is about the lake in the Cascades -->
*[[Clearview, Washington|Clearview Hill]],<ref name=Raisz/> {{convert|600|ft}} altitude<ref>{{GNIS|1512097|Clearview, Washington}}</ref>

===South Puget Sound===
Landforms in [[South Puget Sound]] (Thurston and Mason counties)
*[[Black Hills (Washington)|Black Hills]], southwest of Olympia, basalt bedrock, high point {{convert|2664|ft}}. Bedrock comes to shore of Puget Sound at [[Mud Bay, Thurston County, Washington|Mud Bay]].<ref>[[#Drost|Drost et al. 1998]], p. 10</ref>
*[[Kamilche Hill]] {{convert|370|m|sp=us}}, Mason County above [[Little Skookum Inlet]]

==Low mountains==
The [[Issaquah Alps]] Bellevue, Issaquah and Newcastle on the [[Eastside (King County, Washington)|Eastside]] are considered part of the Cascades foothills by many authors.{{efn|"Westernmost encroachment of the Cascades into the lowland contains exposures of preglacial bedrock marked by a series of peaks ... including Tiger and Squak mountains"{{sfn|Burns|1985|p=54}}}} They are basalt intrusions possibly related to the Blue Hills of the Kitsap Peninsula. Highest point [[Tiger Mountain (Washington)|Tiger Mountain]] summit, {{convert|3,004|ft}}.

The [[Anacortes Community Forest Lands]] contain several peaks over {{convert|1000|ft}} high, including the Fidalgo Island high point, {{convert|1273|ft|adj=on}} [[Mount Erie (Washington)|Mount Erie]].

Mason County's Olympic Mountains foothills are called the [[Satsop Hills]].

==See also==
*[[List of highest points in Washington by county]]
*[[List of mountain peaks of Washington (state)]]

==Footnotes==
{{notelist}}

==References==
{{reflist|30em}}

===Sources===
*{{citation|title=Glaciofluvial infilling and scour of the Puget Lowland, Washington, during ice-sheet glaciation|last=Booth|first=Derek|journal=Geology|date=August 1994|doi=10.1130/0091-7613(1994)022<0695:GIASOT>2.3.CO;2|volume=22|number=8|pages=695–698|publisher=The Geological Society of America|bibcode=1994Geo....22..695B}} ([https://catalyst.uw.edu/workspace/file/download/a5b4333011effc6635cbf37ce0ba781f3a149916ab665df5d2ad82782ab3e719?inline=1 PDF] from UW)
*{{citation|title=The Shape & Form of Puget Sound|last=Burns|first=Robert|publisher=University of Washington Press|year=1985|isbn=0295961848}}
*{{citation|title=Washington Atlas and Gazetteer|edition=sixth|publisher=[[DeLorme]]|year=2002|isbn=0-89933-329-X|ref=DeLorme}}
*{{citation|title=Hydrology and Quality of Ground Water in Northern Thurston County, Washington|page=10|author1=B.W. Drost |author2=G.L. Turney |author3=N.P. Dion |author4=M.A. Jones |publisher=United States Geological Survey|year=1998|id=report 92-4109|url=https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1992/4109-1994/report.pdf|ref=Drost}}
*{{citation|title=The Glacial Origins of the Puget Basin|last=Figge|first=John|year=2008|publisher=The Northwest Geological Institute|chapter=The modern landscape of the Puget Sound basin|pages=27–29|chapter-url=http://facweb.northseattle.edu/tfurutan/geology111/Puget%20Sound.pdf|ref=Figge|access-date=2017-05-19|archive-date=2016-03-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304131916/http://facweb.northseattle.edu/tfurutan/geology111/Puget%20Sound.pdf|url-status=dead}}
*{{citation|title=Soil survey of King County, Washington|series=Soil survey|publisher=United States Department of Agriculture|date=September 1952|last=Lapham|first=Macy H.|id=series 1938 number 31|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XurwAAAAMAAJ|ref=USDA1952}}
*{{cite book|title=County high points: For all western and northeastern states |last=Martin|first=Andy|publisher=Old Adit Press|year=1994|isbn=0962876216|ref=Martin}} List maintained at [http://www.peakbagger.com/list.aspx?lid=13202 Peakbagger.com]
*{{Citation
 |year        = 2000
 |first1      = P. J.
 |last1       = Haeussler
 |first2      = K. M.
 |last2       = Clark
 |title       = Geologic map of the Wildcat Lake 7.5' quadrangle, Kitsap and Mason Counties, Washington
 |journal     = U. S. Geological Survey
 |volume      = Open File Report 00-356
 |at          = 1 sheet, scale 1:24,000
 |url         = http://geopubs.wr.usgs.gov/open-file/of00-356/of00-356.pdf
 |url-status     = dead
 |archiveurl  = https://web.archive.org/web/20130219043655/http://geopubs.wr.usgs.gov/open-file/of00-356/of00-356.pdf
 |archivedate = 2013-02-19
}}
*{{citation|title=Washington, a Centennial Atlas|contribution=Washington State landforms map|last=Raisz|first=Erwin|authorlink=Erwin Raisz|editor-last=Scott|editor-first=James William|publisher=Center for Pacific Northwest Studies, Western Washington University|location=Bellingham, Washington|year=1989|isbn=0929008243|page=4|ref=Raisz}} – 1941 original hand-penned map, 1965 third revision
*{{cite book|first=David B. |last=Williams|authorlink= David Williams (author)|title=The Seattle Street-Smart Naturalist: Field Notes from the City|publisher=Westwinds Press|year=2000|isbn=9781558688599|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=drbCCQAAQBAJ|ref=Williams}}
*{{citation|title=A forest management strategy for the Fort Lewis military reservation, Washington |author=Forestry Program, Environmental and Natural Resources Division, U.S. Army, Installation Management Agency Fort Lewis Military Reservation |date=May 2005 |url=http://www.lewis-mcchord.army.mil/publicworks/docs/envir/Forestry/ForestManagementStrategy.pdf|ref=forestry}}

{{Washington State hills and ridges}}

{{coord missing|Washington}}

[[Category:Hills of Washington (state)]]
[[Category:Landforms of Puget Sound]]
[[Category:Lists of landforms of Washington (state)]]