View source for Soviet destroyer Rastoropny (1938)

{{short description|Destroyer of the Soviet Navy}}

{{other ships|Soviet destroyer Rastoropny (1988)}}
{|{{Infobox ship begin}}
{{Infobox ship image
|Ship image=Aerial view of Razumny A 22471.jpg
|Ship caption=Aerial view of [[sister ship]] {{ship|Soviet destroyer|Razumny|1939|2}}, March 1944
}}
{{Infobox ship career
|Hide header=
|Ship country=[[Soviet Union]]
|Ship flag={{shipboxflag|Soviet Union|naval-1935}}
|Ship name=''Rastoropny''
|Ship renamed=*''SDK-12'', 1956
*''TsL-1'', 14 September 1963
|Ship ordered=[[Five-year plans for the national economy of the Soviet Union#Second plan, 1933–1937|2nd Five-Year Plan]]
|Ship builder=*[[Black Sea Shipyard|Shipyard No. 198 (Andre Marti (South))]], [[Mykolaiv|Nikolayev]]
*[[Amur Shipbuilding Plant|Shipyard No. 199]], [[Komsomolsk-on-Amur]]
|Ship laid down=*27 February 1936
*5 November 1936
|Ship launched=25 June 1938
|Ship struck=17 February 1956
|Ship reclassified=*As a [[rescue ship]], 1956
*As a [[target ship]], 14 September 1963
|Ship completed= 5 January 1940
|Ship commissioned=
|Ship fate=Sold for [[ship breaking|scrap]], 27 April 1965
|Ship notes=
}}
{{Infobox ship characteristics
|Hide header=
|Header caption= (''Gnevny'' as completed, 1938)
|Ship class= {{sclass|Gnevny|destroyer}}
|Ship displacement={{cvt|1612|t|LT|lk=on}} ([[Displacement (ship)#Standard displacement|standard]])
|Ship length= {{cvt|112.8|m|ftin}} ([[o/a]])
|Ship beam={{cvt|10.2|m|ftin}}
|Ship draft={{cvt|4.8|m|ftin}}
|Ship propulsion=*2 shafts; 2 geared [[steam turbine]]s
|Ship speed= {{convert|38|kn|lk=in}}
|Ship range={{cvt|2720|nmi|lk=in}} at {{convert|19|kn}}
|Ship power=*3 [[water-tube boiler]]s
*{{cvt|48000|shp|kW|lk=on}}
|Ship complement=197 (236 wartime)
|Ship sensors=Mars [[hydrophone]]
|Ship armament=*4 × single [[130 mm/50 B13 Pattern 1936|{{cvt|130|mm}} guns]]
*2 × single [[76.2 mm anti-aircraft gun Model 1935 (34-K)|{{cvt|76.2|mm|0}}]] [[AA gun]]s
*2 × single [[45 mm anti-aircraft gun (21-K)|{{cvt|45|mm}}]] AA guns
*2 × single [[DShK|{{cvt|12.7|mm}}]] [[anti-aircraft machinegun|AA machineguns]]
*2 × triple {{cvt|533|mm|0}} [[torpedo tube]]s
*60–96 [[Naval mine|mine]]s
*2 × [[depth charge]] racks, 25 depth charges
|Ship notes=
}}
|}
'''''Rastoropny''''' was one of 29 {{sclass|Gnevny|destroyer}}s (officially known as [[List of ships of Russia by project number|Project 7]]) built for the [[Soviet Navy]] during the late 1930s. Completed in 1940, she was assigned to the [[Pacific Fleet (Russia)|Pacific Fleet]].

==Design and description==
Having decided to build the large and expensive {{convert|40|kn|lk=in|adj=on}} {{sclass|Leningrad|destroyer|0}} [[flotilla leader|destroyer leader]]s, the [[Soviet Navy]] sought Italian assistance in designing smaller and cheaper destroyers. They licensed the plans for the {{sclass|Folgore|destroyer|4}} and, in modifying it for their purposes, overloaded a design that was already somewhat marginally [[ship stability|stable]].<ref>Yakubov & Worth, pp. 99, 102–103</ref>

The ''Gnevny''s had an [[length overall|overall length]] of {{convert|112.8|m|ftin|sp=us}}, a [[beam (nautical)|beam]] of {{convert|10.2|m|ftin|sp=us}}, and a [[draft (hull)|draft]] of {{convert|4.8|m|ftin|sp=us}} at [[deep load]]. The ships were significantly overweight, almost {{convert|200|MT|LT|0|lk=on}} heavier than designed, displacing {{convert|1612|MT|LT}} at [[Displacement (ship)#Standard displacement|standard load]] and {{convert|2039|MT|LT}} at deep load. Their crew numbered 197 officers and sailors in peacetime and 236 in wartime.<ref>Yakubov & Worth, p. 101</ref> The ships had a pair of geared [[steam turbine]]s, each driving one propeller, rated to produce {{convert|48000|shp|lk=on}} using steam from three [[water-tube boiler]]s which was intended to give them a maximum speed of {{convert|37|kn}}.<ref>Budzbon, p. 330</ref> The designers had been conservative in rating the turbines and many, but not all, of the ships handily exceeded their designed speed during their [[sea trial]]s. Others fell considerably short of it, although specific figures for most individual ships have not survived. ''Rastoropny'' reached {{convert|38|kn}} during her trials in 1940. Variations in [[fuel oil]] capacity meant that the range of the ''Gnevny''s varied between {{convert|1670|to|3145|nmi|lk=in}} at {{convert|19|kn}}. ''Rastoropny'' herself demonstrated a range of {{convert|2970|nmi|abbr=on}} at that speed.<ref>Yakubov & Worth, pp. 101, 106–107</ref>

As built, the ''Gnevny''-class ships mounted four [[130 mm/50 B13 Pattern 1936|{{convert|130|mm|in|adj=on|sp=us}} B-13 guns]] in two pairs of [[superfiring]] single mounts fore and aft of the [[superstructure]]. [[Anti-aircraft warfare|Anti-aircraft defense]] was provided by a pair of [[76.2 mm anti-aircraft gun Model 1935 (34-K)|{{convert|76.2|mm|adj=on|sp=us|0}} 34-K]] [[AA gun]]s in single mounts and a pair of [[45 mm anti-aircraft gun (21-K)|{{convert|45|mm|adj=on|sp=us}} 21-K]] AA guns<ref>Hill, p. 40</ref> as well as two {{convert|12.7|mm|adj=on|sp=us}} [[DShK|DK or DShK]] [[machine gun]]s. They carried six {{cvt|533|mm|in}} [[torpedo tube]]s in two rotating triple mounts; each tube was provided with a reload. The ships could also carry a maximum of either 60 or 95 [[naval mine|mines]] and 25 [[depth charge]]s. They were fitted with a set of Mars [[hydrophone]]s for [[anti-submarine warfare|anti-submarine work]], although they were useless at speeds over {{convert|3|kn}}.<ref>Yakubov & Worth, pp. 101, 105–106</ref> The ships were equipped with two K-1 [[Paravane (weapon)|paravanes]] intended to destroy mines and a pair of depth-charge throwers.<ref>Berezhnoy, p. 335</ref>

== Construction and service ==
Major components for the ship that became ''Rastoropny'' were [[laid down]] at [[Black Sea Shipyard|Shipyard No. 198 (Andre Marti South)]] in [[Mykolaiv|Nikolayev]] on 27 February 1936 as [[yard number]] 312 and were then railed to [[Amur Shipbuilding Plant|Shipyard No. 199]] at [[Komsomolsk-on-Amur]], [[Siberia]], for completion where the ship was laid down again on 5 November 1936. She was [[Ceremonial ship launching|launched]] on 25 June 1938 and [[Ship commissioning|commissioned]] on 5 January 1940.<ref>Rohwer & Monakov, p. 233</ref>

==Citations==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==Sources==
*{{Cite book|title=Легендарные "семёрки" Эсминцы "сталинской" серии|last=Balakin|first=Sergey|publisher=Yauza/Eksmo|year=2007|isbn=978-5-699-23784-5|location=Moscow|language=ru|trans-title=Legendary Sevens: Stalin's destroyer series}}
*{{Cite book|title=Крейсера и миноносцы. Справочник|last=Berezhnoy|first=Sergey|publisher=Voenizdat|year=2002|isbn=5-203-01780-8|location=Moscow|language=ru|trans-title=Guide to Cruisers and Destroyers}}
*{{cite book|title=Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1922–1946|editor-last=Chesneau|publisher=Conway Maritime Press|location=Greenwich, UK|year=1980|isbn=0-85177-146-7|last=Budzbon|first=Przemysaw|pages=318–346|chapter=Soviet Union|editor-first=Roger}}
* {{cite book | last = Hill | first = Alexander | year = 2018 | title = Soviet Destroyers of World War II | place = Oxford, UK| publisher = Osprey Publishing| isbn = 978-1-4728-2256-7|series=New Vanguard|volume=256}}
*{{cite book |last1=Platonov |first1=Andrey V.|title=Энциклопедия советских надводных кораблей 1941–1945 |trans-title=Encyclopedia of Soviet Surface Ships 1941–1945 |date=2002 |publisher=Poligon |location=Saint Petersburg |isbn=5-89173-178-9 |language=ru}}
* {{cite book|last=Rohwer|first=Jürgen|title=Chronology of the War at Sea 1939–1945: The Naval History of World War Two|publisher=Naval Institute Press|location=Annapolis, Maryland|year=2005|edition=Third Revised|isbn=1-59114-119-2|author-link=Jürgen Rohwer}}
*{{cite book|last1=Rohwer|first1=Jürgen|last2=Monakov|first2=Mikhail S.|title=Stalin's Ocean-Going Fleet|publisher=Frank Cass|location=London|year=2001|isbn=0-7146-4895-7|name-list-style=amp}}
* {{cite book|last1=Yakubov|first1=Vladimir|last2=Worth |first2=Richard |chapter=The Soviet Project 7/7U Destroyers|editor1-last=Jordan |editor1-first=John |editor2-last=Dent |editor2-first=Stephen |publisher=Conway|location=London|year=2008|title=Warship 2008|pages=99–114|isbn=978-1-84486-062-3|name-list-style=amp}}

==Further reading==
* {{cite book|last=Whitley|first=M. J.|title=Destroyers of World War 2|publisher=Naval Institute Press|location=Annapolis, Maryland|year=1988|isbn=0-87021-326-1}}

{{Gnevny-class destroyer}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Rastoropny (1938)}}
[[Category:Gnevny-class destroyers]]
[[Category:1938 ships]]
[[Category:Ships built at the Black Sea Shipyard]]
[[Category:Cold War destroyers of the Soviet Union]]