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{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2017}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2017}}
{{Virusbox
{{Virusbox
| image =
| image =
| image_alt =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| image_caption =
| taxon = Avihepadnavirus
| taxon = Avihepadnavirus
| synonyms =
| synonyms =
| synonyms_ref =
| synonyms_ref =
⚫
| type_species = ''[[Duck hepatitis B virus]]''
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision =
| subdivision =
*''[[Duck hepatitis B virus]]''
* ''[[Duck hepatitis B virus]]''
*''[[Heron hepatitis B virus]]''
* ''[[Heron hepatitis B virus]]''
*''[[Parrot hepatitis B virus]]''
* ''[[Parrot hepatitis B virus]]''
}}
}}


'''''Avihepadnavirus''''' is a genus of [[virus]]es, in the family ''[[Hepadnaviridae]]''.<ref name="ICTVReport">{{cite web |title=ICTV Report Hepadnaviridae |url=http://www.ictv.global/report/hepadnaviridae}}</ref> Birds serve as natural hosts. There are three species in this genus including the [[type species]] ''[[Duck hepatitis B virus]]''.<ref name=ICTVReport/> Diseases associated with this genus include: [[hepatitis]], [[hepatocellular carcinoma]]s (chronic infections), and [[cirrhosis]].<ref name=ViralZone>{{cite web|title=Viral Zone|url=http://viralzone.expasy.org/all_by_species/102.html|publisher=ExPASy|accessdate=12 June 2015}}</ref><ref name="identification">{{cite journal |last1= Guo|first1= Haitao|last2= Mason|first2= William|year= 2005|title= Identification and Characterization of Avihepadnaviruses Isolated from Exotic Anseriformes Maintained in Captivity|journal= Journal of Virology|volume= 79|issue= 5|pages= 2729–2742 |publisher= American Society for Microbiology|doi=10.1128/JVI.79.5.2729-2742.2005 |pmid=15708992|pmc=548436}}</ref>
'''''Avihepadnavirus''''' is a genus of [[virus]]es, in the family ''[[Hepadnaviridae]]''.<ref name="ICTVReport">{{cite web |title=ICTV Report Hepadnaviridae |url=http://www.ictv.global/report/hepadnaviridae}}</ref> Birds serve as natural hosts. There are three species in this genus.<ref name=ICTVReport/> Diseases associated with this genus include: [[hepatitis]], [[hepatocellular carcinoma]]s (chronic infections), and [[cirrhosis]].<ref name=ViralZone>{{cite web|title=Viral Zone|url=http://viralzone.expasy.org/all_by_species/102.html|publisher=ExPASy|accessdate=12 June 2015}}</ref><ref name="identification">{{cite journal |last1= Guo|first1= Haitao|last2= Mason|first2= William|year= 2005|title= Identification and Characterization of Avihepadnaviruses Isolated from Exotic Anseriformes Maintained in Captivity|journal= Journal of Virology|volume= 79|issue= 5|pages= 2729–2742 |publisher= American Society for Microbiology|doi=10.1128/JVI.79.5.2729-2742.2005 |pmid=15708992|pmc=548436}}</ref>

==Taxonomy==
The genus contains the following species:<ref>{{cite web |title=Virus Taxonomy: 2020 Release |url=https://ictv.global/taxonomy |publisher=International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) |date=March 2021 |access-date=21 May 2021}}</ref>
⚫
* ''[[Duck hepatitis B virus]]''
* ''[[Heron hepatitis B virus]]''
* ''[[Parrot hepatitis B virus]]''


==Structure==
==Structure==
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! Genus !! Structure || Symmetry !! Capsid !! Genomic arrangement !! Genomic segmentation
! Genus !! Structure || Symmetry !! Capsid !! Genomic arrangement !! Genomic segmentation
|-
|-
|Avihepadnavirus||Icosahedral||T=4||Non-enveloped||Circular||Monopartite
|''Avihepadnavirus''||Icosahedral||T=4||Non-enveloped||Circular||Monopartite
|}
|}


==Life cycle==
==Life cycle==
Viral replication is nucleo-cytoplasmic. Replication follows the dsDNA(RT) replication model. Dna templated transcription, specifically dsdna(rt) transcription, with some alternative splicing mechanism is the method of transcription. Translation takes place by [[ribosomal shunting]]. The virus exits the host cell by budding, and nuclear pore export.
Viral replication is nucleo-cytoplasmic. Replication follows the dsDNA(RT) replication model. DNA-templated transcription, specifically dsDNA-RT transcription, with some alternative splicing mechanism is the method of transcription. Translation takes place by [[ribosomal shunting]]. The virus exits the host cell by budding, and nuclear pore export. Birds serve as the natural host. Transmission routes are parental, sexual, and blood.<ref name=ICTVReport/><ref name=ViralZone />
Birds serve as the natural host. Transmission routes are parental, sexual, and blood.<ref name=ICTVReport/><ref name=ViralZone />


{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
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! Genus !! Host details !! Tissue tropism !! Entry details !! Release details !! Replication site !! Assembly site !! Transmission
! Genus !! Host details !! Tissue tropism !! Entry details !! Release details !! Replication site !! Assembly site !! Transmission
|-
|-
|Avihepadnavirus||Birds||Hepatocytes||Cell receptor endocytosis||Budding||Nucleus||Cytoplasm||Vertical: parental; sex; blood
|''Avihepadnavirus''||Birds||Hepatocytes||Cell receptor endocytosis||Budding||Nucleus||Cytoplasm||Vertical: parental; sex; blood
|}
|}


Latest revision as of 12:43, 30 January 2023

Avihepadnavirus
Virus classification Edit this classification
(unranked): Virus
Realm: Riboviria
Kingdom: Pararnavirae
Phylum: Artverviricota
Class: Revtraviricetes
Order: Blubervirales
Family: Hepadnaviridae
Genus: Avihepadnavirus
Species

Avihepadnavirus is a genus of viruses, in the family Hepadnaviridae.[1] Birds serve as natural hosts. There are three species in this genus.[1] Diseases associated with this genus include: hepatitis, hepatocellular carcinomas (chronic infections), and cirrhosis.[2][3]

Taxonomy

[edit]

The genus contains the following species:[4]

Structure

[edit]

Viruses in the genus Avihepadnavirus are enveloped, with spherical geometries, and T=4 symmetry. The diameter is around 42 nm. Genomes are circular, around 3.2kb in length. The genome codes for 7 proteins.[1][2]

Genus Structure Symmetry Capsid Genomic arrangement Genomic segmentation
Avihepadnavirus Icosahedral T=4 Non-enveloped Circular Monopartite

Life cycle

[edit]

Viral replication is nucleo-cytoplasmic. Replication follows the dsDNA(RT) replication model. DNA-templated transcription, specifically dsDNA-RT transcription, with some alternative splicing mechanism is the method of transcription. Translation takes place by ribosomal shunting. The virus exits the host cell by budding, and nuclear pore export. Birds serve as the natural host. Transmission routes are parental, sexual, and blood.[1][2]

Genus Host details Tissue tropism Entry details Release details Replication site Assembly site Transmission
Avihepadnavirus Birds Hepatocytes Cell receptor endocytosis Budding Nucleus Cytoplasm Vertical: parental; sex; blood

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d "ICTV Report Hepadnaviridae".
  2. ^ a b c "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 12 June 2015.
  3. ^ Guo, Haitao; Mason, William (2005). "Identification and Characterization of Avihepadnaviruses Isolated from Exotic Anseriformes Maintained in Captivity". Journal of Virology. 79 (5). American Society for Microbiology: 2729–2742. doi:10.1128/JVI.79.5.2729-2742.2005. PMC 548436. PMID 15708992.
  4. ^ "Virus Taxonomy: 2020 Release". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). March 2021. Retrieved 21 May 2021.
[edit]
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