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{{Short description|Genus of gastropods}}
{{italictitle}}
{{Italic title}}
{{Taxobox
{{Automatic taxobox
| name = ''Pila''
| name = ''Pila''
| image = Pila ampullacea pilidae 000.JPG
| image = Pila polita 01.JPG
| image_caption = ''[[Pila ampullacea]]''
| image_caption = A [[gastropod shell|shell]] of ''[[Pila virescens]]''
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| taxon = Pila
| authority = [[Peter Friedrich Röding|Röding]], 1798<ref>[[Peter Friedrich Röding|Röding P. F.]] (1798). ''Museum Boltenianum sive catalogus cimeliorum e tribus regnis naturæ quæ olim collegerat Joa. Fried Bolten, M. D. p. d. per XL. annos proto physicus Hamburgensis. Pars secunda continens conchylia sive testacea univalvia, bivalvia & multivalvia''. pp. [1-3], [1-8], 1-199. Hamburg. page 145.</ref>
| phylum = [[Mollusca]]
|type_species= ''Helix ampullacea'' <small>Linnaeus, 1758</small>
| classis = [[Gastropod]]a
|synonyms_ref=
| unranked_familia = clade [[Caenogastropoda]]<br/>
|synonyms=
informal group [[Architaenioglossa]]
* ''Ampullaria'' <small>Lamarck, 1799</small>
| superfamilia = [[Ampullarioidea]]
* ''Ampullaria (Pachylabra)'' <small>Swainson, 1840</small> (original rank)
| familia = [[Ampullariidae]]
* ''Ampullaria (Pomus)'' <small>Gray, 1847</small> (unaccepted combination)
| subfamilia = [[Ampullariinae]]
* ''Ampullarius'' <small>Montfort, 1810</small> (invalid: unjustified emendation of ''Ampullaria'')
| tribus = [[Ampullariini]]
* ''Ampullarius (Ampullarius)'' <small>Montfort, 1810</small> (invalid: unjustified emendation to ''Ampullaria'' Lamarck, 1799)
| genus = '''''Pila'''''
* † ''Ampullopsis'' <small>Repelin, 1902</small> (junior subjective synonym)
| genus_authority = [[Röding]], 1798
* ''Pachychilus'' <small>Philippi, 1851</small> (unjustified emendation of Pachylabra)
* ''Pachylabra'' <small>Swainson, 1840</small> (unnecessary nom. nov. pro Pachystoma Guilding, 1828)
* ''Pachystoma'' <small>Guilding, 1828</small>
* ''Pila (Turbinicola)'' <small>Annandale & Prashad, 1921</small>
* ''Pomus'' <small>Gray, 1847</small>
* ''Turbinicola'' <small>Annandale & Prashad, 1921</small>
| diversity_link =
| diversity_ref = <ref name="applesnail.net"/>
| diversity = about 30 species
}}
}}


'''''Pila''''' is a [[genus]] of large freshwater [[snail]]s with an [[operculum (gastropod)|operculum]], [[Africa]]n and [[Asia]]n [[apple snail]]s, aquatic [[gastropod]] [[mollusk]]s in the family [[Ampullariidae]]. This genus contains about 30 [[species]].{{fact}}
'''''Pila''''' is a [[genus]] of large [[freshwater snail]]s with an [[operculum (gastropod)|operculum]], [[Africa]]n and [[Asia]]n [[apple snail]]s, aquatic [[gastropod]] [[mollusk]]s in the family [[Ampullariidae]], the apple snails.


== Distribution ==
==Species within the genus ''Pila''==
Distribution of the genus ''Pila'' include Africa, [[List of non-marine molluscs of Madagascar|Madagascar]], [[south Asia|southern Asia]] and [[Maritime Southeast Asia|Indo-Pacific islands]]. It is amphibious in nature and can undergo summer sleep or aestivation under drought condition. It is generally found in lakes, pools, and sometimes even in the river streams where aquatic vegetation like ''[[Vallisneria]]'', ''[[Pistia]]'' are found in large amount for food.<ref name="Brown 1994"/>
* ''[[Pila ampullacea]]'' (Linnaeus, 1758)

* ''[[Pila occidentalis]]'' (Mousson, 1887)
==External Features==
* ''[[Pila speciosa]]'' Philippi, 1849 - threatened
When viewed from [[ventral]] side facing the collumella towards the observer, the collumella rotates [[clockwise]] or [[Dextral]].
{{Expand list}}

==Species==
Species within the genus ''Pila'' include:

subgenus ''Pila''
* ''[[Pila africana]]'' <small>(v. Martens, 1886)</small><ref name="applesnail.net">[http://www.applesnail.net/content/pila.htm "''Pila''"]. The apple snail website, Accessed 16 May 2011.</ref><ref name="Brown 1994"/>
* ''[[Pila ampullacea]]'' <small>(Linnaeus, 1758)</small> - type species<ref name="applesnail.net"/><ref name="Brown 1994"/>
* † ''[[Pila assermoensis]]'' <small>(Jodot, 1953)</small>
* ''[[Pila brohardi]]'' <small>(Granger, 1892)</small><ref name="applesnail.net"/>
* † ''[[Pila busserti]]'' <small>Harzhauser & Neubauer in Harzhauser et al., 2017</small>
* ''[[Pila cecillei]]'' <small>(Philipi, 1848)</small><ref name="applesnail.net"/><ref name="Brown 1994"/>
* † ''[[Pila celebensis]]'' <small>(Quoy & Gaimard, 1834)</small>
* † ''[[Pila colchesteri]]'' <small>Cox, 1933</small>
* ''[[Pila decocta]]'' <small>(Mabille, 1887)</small>
* † ''[[Pila falloti]]'' <small>(Jodot, 1953)</small>
* † ''[[Pila faujasii]]'' <small>(Serres, 1829)</small>
* † ''[[Pila gauthieri]]'' <small>(Jodot, 1953)</small>
* ''[[Pila globosa]]'' <small>(Swainson, 1822)</small><ref name="applesnail.net"/>
* ''[[Pila gracilis]]'' <small>(I. Lea, 1856)</small>
* ''[[Pila mizoramensis]]'' Sil, Basak, Karanth & Aravind, 2021
* † ''[[Pila mutungi]]'' <small>Van Damme & Pickford, 1995</small>
* † ''[[Pila neuberti]]'' <small>Harzhauser & Neubauer in Harzhauser et al., 2016</small>
* ''[[Pila nevilliana]]'' <small>(Annandale & Prashad, 1921)</small>
* ''[[Pila occidentalis]]'' <small>(Mousson, 1887)</small><ref name="applesnail.net"/><ref name="Brown 1994"/>
* ''[[Pila ovata]]'' <small>(Olivier, 1804)</small><ref name="applesnail.net"/><ref name="Brown 1994">Brown D. S. (1994). ''Freshwater Snails of Africa and their Medical Importance''. [[Taylor & Francis]]. {{ISBN|0-7484-0026-5}}.</ref>
* ''[[Pila pesmei]]'' <small>(Morelet, 1889)</small><ref name="applesnail.net"/>
* ''[[Pila saxea]]'' (Reeve, 1856)<ref name="applesnail.net"/>
* ''[[Pila scutata]]'' (Mousson, 1848)<ref name="applesnail.net"/><ref>Bouchet, P. (2013). ''Pila scutata'' (Mousson, 1848). In: MolluscaBase (2017). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=739934 on 2017-11-23</ref>
* ''[[Pila speciosa]]'' <small>(Philippi, 1849)</small><ref name="applesnail.net"/><ref name="Brown 1994"/>
* ''[[Pila turbinis]]'' <small>(I. Lea, 1856)</small>
* ''[[Pila virens]]'' <small>(Lamarck, 1822)</small><ref name="applesnail.net"/>
* ''[[Pila virescens]]'' (Deshayes, 1824)
* ''[[Pila wernei]]'' <small>(Philipi, 1851)</small><ref name="applesnail.net"/><ref name="Brown 1994"/>

subgenus ''[[Turbinicola]]'' Annandale & Prashad, 1921<ref>[[Nelson Annandale|Annandale N.]] & Prashad B. (1921). ''[[Rec. Indian Mus.]]'' '''22''': 9.</ref>
* ''[[Pila aperta]]'' (Prashad, 1925)<ref name="applesnail.net"/>
* [[Pila (Trbinicola) saxea|''Pila'' (''Turbinicola'') ''saxea'']] (Annandale & Prashad, 1921)<ref name="applesnail.net"/>

;Synonyms:
* ''Pila aldersoni'' <small>Pain, 1946</small>: synonym of ''[[Pomacea aldersoni]]'' <small>(Pain, 1946)</small> (original combination)
* ''Pila angelica'' <small>(Annandale, 1920)</small>: synonym of ''[[Pila celebensis]]'' (Quoy & Gaimard, 1834)
* ''Pila conica'' <small>(Wood, 1828)</small>: synonym of ''[[Pila scutata]]'' <small>(Mousson, 1848)</small>
* ''Pila gradata'' <small>(E. A. Smith, 1881)</small>: synonym of ''[[Pila ovata]]'' <small>(Olivier, 1804)</small>
* ''Pila hollingsworthi'' <small>T. Pain, 1946</small>: synonym of ''[[Pomacea hollingsworthi]]'' <small>(Pain, 1946)</small> (original combination)
* ''Pila polita'' <small>(Deshayes, 1830)</small>: synonym of ''[[Pila virescens]]'' <small>(Deshayes, 1824)</small>
* † ''Pila selvensis'' <small>(Vidal, 1917)</small> †: synonym of † ''[[Selvovum selvense]]'' <small>(Vidal, 1917)</small>

==Ecology==
''Pila'' species are a host of a trematode ''[[Multicotyle purvisi]]''.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Alevs|first1=Philippe V.|last2=Vieira|first2=Fabiano M.|last3=Santos|first3=Cláudia P.|last4=Scholz|first4=Tomáš|last5=Luque|first5=José L.|date=2015-02-12|title=A Checklist of the Aspidogastrea (Platyhelminthes: Trematoda) of the World|url=http://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3918.3.2|journal=Zootaxa|language=en|volume=3918|issue=3|doi=10.11646/zootaxa.3918.3.2|issn=1175-5334|pmid=25781098|pages=339–96}}</ref>

==Human use==
The shells of ''Pila'' are used in traditional [[ethnomedicine]] for weakness by [[Saharia]] people in [[Rajasthan]], India.<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Mahawar | first1 = M. M. | last2 = Jaroli | first2 = D. P. | year = 2007 | title = Traditional knowledge on zootherapeutic uses by the Saharia tribe of Rajasthan, India | journal = [[Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine]] | volume = 3 | issue = 1| page = 25 | doi = 10.1186/1746-4269-3-25 | pmid = 17547781 | pmc = 1892771 | doi-access = free }}</ref>

''[[Pila ampullacea]]'' and ''[[Pila pesmei]]'' are some of the rice field snail species traditionally eaten in [[Thailand]] that have been displaced by the invasive golden apple
snail, ''[[Pomacea canaliculata]]''.<ref>''Heavy Predation on Freshwater Bryozoans by the Golden Apple Snail, Pomacea canaliculata Lamarck, 1822 (Ampullariidae)''; The Natural History Journal of Chulalongkorn University 6(1): 31-36, May 2006</ref>


== References ==
== References ==
{{reflist}}
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
{{Wikispecies|Pila}}
{{Commons category|Pila (genus)}}
* [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/33450 Swainson, W. (1840). A treatise on malacology or shells and shell-fish. London, Longman. viii + 419 pp.]
* [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/11806897 Repelin, J. (1902). Description des faunes et des gisements du Cénomanien saumâtre ou d'eau douce du Midi de la France. Annales du Musée d'histoire naturelle de Marseille. Section de Géologie. 7: 1-133]
* [https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/13585626 Lamarck, J.B.M. (1799). Prodrome d'une nouvelle classification des coquilles, comprenant une rédaction appropriée des caractères géneriques, et l'établissement d'un grand nombre de genres nouveaux. Mémoires de la Société d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris. 1: 63-91]
* [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/10571 Montfort P. (Denys de). (1808-1810). Conchyliologie systématique et classification méthodique des coquilles. Paris: Schoell. Vol. 1: pp. lxxxvii + 409 &#91;1808&#93;. Vol. 2: pp.&nbsp;676 + 16 ,1810]
* [https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/25129402 Cowie, R. H. & Thiengo, S. C. (2003). The apple snails of the Americas (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Ampullariidae: Asolene, Felipponea, Marisa, Pomacea, Pomella): A nomenclatural and type catalog. Malacologia. 45(1): 41-100.]
* [https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3940.1.1 Cowie R.H. (2015). The recent apple snails of Africa and Asia (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Ampullariidae: Afropomus, Forbesopomus, Lanistes, Pila, Saulea): a nomenclatural and type catalogue. The apple snails of the Americas: addenda and corrigenda. Zootaxa. 3940(1): 1-92]
* [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/51778400#page/76/mode/1up enson, W. H. (1829). Description of the animal of Ampullaria, a genus of freshwater Testacea, with a notice of two species inhabiting the freshwaters of the Gangetic Provinces. Gleanings in Science. 1(2): 52-54.]

{{Taxonbar|from=Q657252}}
{{Authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Pila (gastropod)}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Pila (gastropod)}}
[[Category:Ampullariidae]]
[[Category:Ampullariidae]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Peter Friedrich Röding]]


{{Ampullariidae-stub}}


{{Ampullariidae-stub}}
[[la:Pila (genus)]]

Latest revision as of 06:39, 2 July 2024

Pila
A shell of Pila virescens
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Subclass: Caenogastropoda
Order: Architaenioglossa
Family: Ampullariidae
Genus: Pila
Röding, 1798[1]
Type species
Helix ampullacea Linnaeus, 1758
Diversity[2]
about 30 species
Synonyms
  • Ampullaria Lamarck, 1799
  • Ampullaria (Pachylabra) Swainson, 1840 (original rank)
  • Ampullaria (Pomus) Gray, 1847 (unaccepted combination)
  • Ampullarius Montfort, 1810 (invalid: unjustified emendation of Ampullaria)
  • Ampullarius (Ampullarius) Montfort, 1810 (invalid: unjustified emendation to Ampullaria Lamarck, 1799)
  • † Ampullopsis Repelin, 1902 (junior subjective synonym)
  • Pachychilus Philippi, 1851 (unjustified emendation of Pachylabra)
  • Pachylabra Swainson, 1840 (unnecessary nom. nov. pro Pachystoma Guilding, 1828)
  • Pachystoma Guilding, 1828
  • Pila (Turbinicola) Annandale & Prashad, 1921
  • Pomus Gray, 1847
  • Turbinicola Annandale & Prashad, 1921

Pila is a genus of large freshwater snails with an operculum, African and Asian apple snails, aquatic gastropod mollusks in the family Ampullariidae, the apple snails.

Distribution

[edit]

Distribution of the genus Pila include Africa, Madagascar, southern Asia and Indo-Pacific islands. It is amphibious in nature and can undergo summer sleep or aestivation under drought condition. It is generally found in lakes, pools, and sometimes even in the river streams where aquatic vegetation like Vallisneria, Pistia are found in large amount for food.[3]

External Features

[edit]

When viewed from ventral side facing the collumella towards the observer, the collumella rotates clockwise or Dextral.

Species

[edit]

Species within the genus Pila include:

subgenus Pila

subgenus Turbinicola Annandale & Prashad, 1921[5]

Synonyms
  • Pila aldersoni Pain, 1946: synonym of Pomacea aldersoni (Pain, 1946) (original combination)
  • Pila angelica (Annandale, 1920): synonym of Pila celebensis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1834)
  • Pila conica (Wood, 1828): synonym of Pila scutata (Mousson, 1848)
  • Pila gradata (E. A. Smith, 1881): synonym of Pila ovata (Olivier, 1804)
  • Pila hollingsworthi T. Pain, 1946: synonym of Pomacea hollingsworthi (Pain, 1946) (original combination)
  • Pila polita (Deshayes, 1830): synonym of Pila virescens (Deshayes, 1824)
  • † Pila selvensis (Vidal, 1917) †: synonym of † Selvovum selvense (Vidal, 1917)

Ecology

[edit]

Pila species are a host of a trematode Multicotyle purvisi.[6]

Human use

[edit]

The shells of Pila are used in traditional ethnomedicine for weakness by Saharia people in Rajasthan, India.[7]

Pila ampullacea and Pila pesmei are some of the rice field snail species traditionally eaten in Thailand that have been displaced by the invasive golden apple snail, Pomacea canaliculata.[8]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Röding P. F. (1798). Museum Boltenianum sive catalogus cimeliorum e tribus regnis naturæ quæ olim collegerat Joa. Fried Bolten, M. D. p. d. per XL. annos proto physicus Hamburgensis. Pars secunda continens conchylia sive testacea univalvia, bivalvia & multivalvia. pp. [1-3], [1-8], 1-199. Hamburg. page 145.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p "Pila". The apple snail website, Accessed 16 May 2011.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h Brown D. S. (1994). Freshwater Snails of Africa and their Medical Importance. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 0-7484-0026-5.
  4. ^ Bouchet, P. (2013). Pila scutata (Mousson, 1848). In: MolluscaBase (2017). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=739934 on 2017-11-23
  5. ^ Annandale N. & Prashad B. (1921). Rec. Indian Mus. 22: 9.
  6. ^ Alevs, Philippe V.; Vieira, Fabiano M.; Santos, Cláudia P.; Scholz, Tomáš; Luque, José L. (2015-02-12). "A Checklist of the Aspidogastrea (Platyhelminthes: Trematoda) of the World". Zootaxa. 3918 (3): 339–96. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3918.3.2. ISSN 1175-5334. PMID 25781098.
  7. ^ Mahawar, M. M.; Jaroli, D. P. (2007). "Traditional knowledge on zootherapeutic uses by the Saharia tribe of Rajasthan, India". Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine. 3 (1): 25. doi:10.1186/1746-4269-3-25. PMC 1892771. PMID 17547781.
  8. ^ Heavy Predation on Freshwater Bryozoans by the Golden Apple Snail, Pomacea canaliculata Lamarck, 1822 (Ampullariidae); The Natural History Journal of Chulalongkorn University 6(1): 31-36, May 2006
[edit]
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