Vímara Peres: Difference between revisions

Vímara Peres
Vímara Peres
	Equestrian statue of Vímara Peres in Porto
Count of Portucale
Tenure	868–873
Successor	Lucídio Vimaranes
Died	873; Vama (possibly Guimarães or Bama, A Coruña)
Issue	Lucídio Vimaranes, Audivia Vimaranes
Father	Pedro Theon [pt]

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Vímara Peres^[a] (died in Galicia, 873)^[1] was a ninth-century nobleman who served as the first Count of Portugal.

Life

Family

His father, Pedro Theon [pt] (d. after 867), sometimes called Pedro Theón of Pravia, and possibly the son of Bermudo I of Asturias, was a member of the Curia Regis of King Alfonso III and appears in January 867 confirming a royal charter jointly with other nobles, including Count Rodrigo of Castile.^[2] Pedro was actively involved in the Reconquista and was also responsible for ousting and defeating the Vikings when they invaded Galicia in 858.^[3] Besides Vímara, Pedro was also the father of Hermenegildo Peres [pt].^[4] The old Christian version of ‘Vímara’ is believed to be derived from ‘Weimar’ ^[5] a name from any of several places like one Weimar in Hesse and another in Thuringia, from Old High German wīh "holy" and mari "standing water". Although old-fashioned, it is still used in Portugal today as Guímaro.

Count

Vímara was a vassal of the King of Asturias, Alfonso III, and was sent to reconquer and secure from the Moors (Arabs and Berbers who had invaded Visigothic Hispania), in the west coastal fringe of Gallaecia, the area from the Minho River to the Douro River, including the city of Portus Cale, later Porto and Gaia, from where the name of Portugal emerged.

The Kingdom of Asturias was divided internally into several counties or royal provinces. Portus Cale was one of these Asturian counties. In 868, Vímara Peres was named Count of Portugal by King Alfonso III after the reconquest of the region north of the Douro river.^[1]^[6] Later Portuguese historians viewed this event as the earliest milestone in the history of the state of Portugal, although Portugal did not achieve independence until the 12th century.

He was able to expel the Moors and founded a fortified town under his own name Vimaranis (of Vimar) which later became Guimaranis, present-day Guimarães (the Portuguese call it "The Cradle City"). Vímara Peres died in 873 in Vama, possibly identified as Guimarães or Bama in the territory of Touro, A Coruña.^[1]

Issue

Most historians agree that he was the father of:

Lucídio Vimaranes (Lucídio, son of Vímara), who succeeded Vímara as the governor of the county.^[7]^[8]

Although the identity of his wife was not recorded in any contemporary charters, her name could have been Trudildi. If that was the case, Vímara would have been the father of:

Audivia Vimaranes who was married to Count Gutierre Aloítez.^[b]

Notes

^ Vímara is an originally Visigothic name of Germanic origin (cognate with Weimar or Guimar) and Peres is a patronymic, meaning son of Pedro or Peter. The name can therefore be equated with Weimar/Guimar Peterson.
^ Count Gutierre Aloítez (died after 963) is recorded with a wife named Audivia, whose parents were named Vimara and Trudildi. Trudildi is a name quite frequent among the nobility of Portugal and Galicia in the middle of the 10th-century, but Vimara is not. For chronological reasons and because of this uncommon name, historian Margarita Torres Sevilla-Quiñones de León believes that Audivia was the daughter of Count Vímara Peres, and thus Vímara's wife was this Trudildi, Audivia's mother.^[9]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c Mattoso 1981, p. 106.
^ Martínez Díez 2005, p. 159.
^ Miguens Narvaiz 2010, pp. 133–134.
^ Torres Sevilla-Quiñones de León 1999, p. 417.
^ cite url=https://surnames.behindthename.com/name/weimar/submitted
^ Martínez Díez 2005, p. 161.
^ Sáez 1947, p. 21.
^ Mattoso 1981, pp. 106 and 145.
^ Torres Sevilla-Quiñones de León 1998, p. 304, n. 21.

Bibliography

Martínez Díez, Gonzalo (2005). El Condado de Castilla (711-1038): la historia frente a la leyenda (in Spanish). Valladolid. ISBN 84-9718-275-8.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Mattoso, José (1981). "As famílias condais portucalenses dos séculos X e XI". A nobreza medieval portuguesa, a família e o poder (in Portuguese). Lisbon: Editorial Estampa. OCLC 8242615.
Miguens Narvaiz, Silvia (2010). Breve historia de los piratas (in Spanish). Madrid: Ediciones Nowtilus, S.L. ISBN 9788497637091.
Sáez, Emilio (1947). "Los ascendientes de San Rosendo: notas para el estudio de la monarquía astur-leonesa durante los siglos IX y X". Hispania: revista española de Historia (in Spanish). No. XXX. Madrid: CSIC, Instituto Jerónimo Zurita. pp. 139–156. OCLC 682814356.
Torres Sevilla-Quiñones de León, Margarita Cecilia (1999). Linajes nobiliarios de León y Castilla: Siglos IX-XIII (in Spanish). Salamanca: Junta de Castilla y León, Consejería de educación y cultura. ISBN 84-7846-781-5.
Torres Sevilla-Quiñones de León, Margarita Cecilia (1998). "Relaciones Fronterizas entre Portugal y León en tiempos de Alfonso VII: El ejemplo de la Casa de Traba" (PDF). Revista da Faculdade de Letras: História. Universidade do Porto (in Spanish). No. 15, 2. Porto. pp. 301–312. ISSN 0871-164X.

External links

New title	Count of Portucale 868–873	Succeeded by Lucídio Vimaranes

[1] Vímara is an originally Visigothic name of Germanic origin (cognate with Weimar or Guimar) and Peres is a patronymic, meaning son of Pedro or Peter. The name can therefore be equated with Weimar/Guimar Peterson.

[11] Count Gutierre Aloítez (died after 963) is recorded with a wife named Audivia, whose parents were named Vimara and Trudildi. Trudildi is a name quite frequent among the nobility of Portugal and Galicia in the middle of the 10th-century, but Vimara is not. For chronological reasons and because of this uncommon name, historian Margarita Torres Sevilla-Quiñones de León believes that Audivia was the daughter of Count Vímara Peres, and thus Vímara's wife was this Trudildi, Audivia's mother.^[9]

[FOOTNOTEMattoso1981106-2] Mattoso 1981, p. 106.

[FOOTNOTEMartínez_Díez2005159-3] Martínez Díez 2005, p. 159.

[FOOTNOTEMiguens_Narvaiz2010133–134-4] Miguens Narvaiz 2010, pp. 133–134.

[FOOTNOTETorres_Sevilla-Quiñones_de_León1999417-5] Torres Sevilla-Quiñones de León 1999, p. 417.

[6] te url=https://surnames.behindthename.com/name/weimar/submitted

[FOOTNOTEMartínez_Díez2005161-7] Martínez Díez 2005, p. 161.

[FOOTNOTESáez194721-8] Sáez 1947, p. 21.

[FOOTNOTEMattoso1981106_and_145-9] Mattoso 1981, pp. 106 and 145.

[FOOTNOTETorres_Sevilla-Quiñones_de_León1998304,_n._21-10] Torres Sevilla-Quiñones de León 1998, p. 304, n. 21.

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[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[b]

[9]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|Count of Portugal}}
-{{Infobox royalty
+{{Infobox nobility
-| name            =Vímara Peres
-| image           =File:Porto April 2019-18.jpg
+| name        = Vímara Peres
+| image       = File:Porto April 2019-18.jpg
-| caption         = Equestrian statue of Vímara Peres in [[Porto]]
-| reign           =868-873
+| caption     = Equestrian statue of Vímara Peres in [[Porto]]
+| tenure = 868–873
-| succession      =[[Count of Portugal|Count of Portucale]]
+| succession  = [[Count of Portugal|Count of Portucale]]
-| successor       =[[Lucídio Vimaranes]]
+| successor   = [[Lucídio Vimaranes]]
-| house           =
-| birth_date      =
+| father      = {{ill|Pedro Theon|pt}}
-| birth_place     =
+| house       =
-| death_date      =873
+| birth_date  =
+| birth_place =
-| death_place     =[[Guimarães|Vama]]
+| death_date  = 873
-|}}
+| death_place = Vama (possibly [[Guimarães]] or [[Touro, Spain|Bama, A Coruña]])
+| issue       = [[Lucídio Vimaranes]], Audivia Vimaranes|
+}}
+[[File:Péninsule ibérique en 875.png|thumb|The [[Iberian Peninsula]] in 875, shortly after the reign of Vímara Peres]]
+'''Vímara Peres'''<ref group="lower-alpha">Vímara is an originally [[Visigoth]]ic name of [[Germanic languages|Germanic]] origin (cognate with Weimar or Guimar) and [[Peres]] is a [[patronymic]], meaning son of [[Pedro]] or [[Peter (name)|Peter]]. The name can therefore be equated with '''Weimar/Guimar Peterson'''.</ref> (died in [[Kingdom of Galicia|Galicia]], 873){{Sfn|Mattoso|1981|p=106}} was a ninth-century nobleman who served as the first [[County of Portugal|Count of Portugal]].
+==Life==
-'''Vímara Peres'''<ref group="lower-alpha">Vímara is an originally [[Visigoth]]ic name of [[Germanic languages|Germanic]] origin (cognate with Weimar or Guimar) and [[Peres]] is a [[patronymic]], meaning son of [[Pedro]] or [[Peter (name)|Peter]]. The name can then be equated to '''Weimar/Guimar Peterson'''.</ref> (died in [[Kingdom of Galicia|Galicia]], 873){{Sfn|Mattoso|1981|p=106}} was a ninth-century nobleman from the [[Kingdom of Asturias]].
+===Family===
+His father, {{ill|Pedro Theon|pt}} (d. after 867), sometimes called Pedro Theón of [[Pravia]], and possibly the son of [[Bermudo I of Asturias]], was a member of the [[Curia Regis]] of King [[Alfonso III of Asturias|Alfonso III]] and appears in January 867 confirming a royal charter jointly with other nobles, including Count [[Rodrigo of Castile]].{{Sfn|Martínez Díez|2005|p=159}} Pedro was actively involved in the [[Reconquista]] and was also responsible for ousting and defeating the [[Vikings]] when they invaded Galicia in 858.{{Sfn|Miguens Narvaiz|2010|pp=133–134}} Besides Vímara, Pedro was also the father of {{ill|Hermenegildo Peres|pt}}.{{Sfn|Torres Sevilla-Quiñones de León|1999|p=417}} The old Christian version of ‘Vímara’ is believed to be derived from ‘Weimar’ <ref> cite url=https://surnames.behindthename.com/name/weimar/submitted</ref> a name from any of several places like one [[Weimar (Lahn)|Weimar in Hesse]] and [[Weimar|another in Thuringia]], from Old High German wīh "holy" and mari "standing water". Although old-fashioned, it is still used in Portugal today as Guímaro.
-== Life ==
+===Count===
+Vímara was a vassal of the King of [[List of Asturian monarchs|Asturias]], [[Alfonso III of Asturias|Alfonso III]], and was sent to [[Reconquista|reconquer]] and secure from the [[Moors]] ([[Arab]]s and [[Berber people|Berbers]] who had invaded [[Visigoth]]ic [[Hispania]]), in the west coastal fringe of [[Gallaecia]], the area from the [[Minho River]] to the [[Douro River]], including the city of ''[[Portus Cale]]'', later [[Porto]] and [[Vila Nova de Gaia|Gaia]], from where the name of [[Portugal]] emerged.
+The [[Kingdom of Asturias]] was divided internally into several counties or royal provinces. Portus Cale was one of these Asturian counties. In 868, Vímara Peres was named [[First County of Portugal|Count of Portugal]] by King Alfonso III after the reconquest of the region north of the [[Douro]] river.{{Sfn|Mattoso|1981|p=106}}{{Sfn|Martínez Díez|2005|p=161}} Later Portuguese historians viewed this event as the earliest milestone in the history of the state of Portugal, although Portugal did not achieve independence until the 12th century.
-=== Family ===
-His father, Pedro Theón (d. after 867), sometimes called Pedro Theón of [[Pravia]], and possibly the son of [[Bermudo I of Asturias]], was a member of the [[Curia Regis]] of King [[Alfonso III of Asturias|Alfonso III]] and appears in January 867 confirming a royal charter jointly with other nobles, including Count [[Rodrigo of Castile]].{{Sfn|Martínez Díez|2005|p=159}}  Pedro was actively involved in the [[Reconquista]] and was also responsible for ousting and defeating the [[Vikings]] when they invaded Galicia in 858.{{Sfn|Miguens Narvaiz|2010|pp=133–134}} Besides Vímara, Pedro was also the father of Hermenegildo Pérez.{{Sfn|Torres Sevilla-Quiñones de León|1999|p=417}} The old christian version of ‘Vímara’ is believed to be derived from ‘Weimar’ <ref> cite url=https://surnames.behindthename.com/name/weimar/submitted</ref> a name from any of several places called Weimar in Hesse and Thuringia, from Old High German wīh "holy" and mari "standing water". Although old-fashioned, it is still used in Portugal today as [[Guímaro]].
+He was able to expel the Moors and founded a fortified town under his own name ''Vimaranis'' (of Vimar) which later became ''Guimaranis'', present-day [[Guimarães]] (the [[Portugal|Portuguese]] call it "The Cradle City"). Vímara Peres died in 873 in Vama, possibly identified as Guimarães or Bama in the territory of [[Touro, Spain|Touro, A Coruña]].{{Sfn|Mattoso|1981|p=106}}
-=== Count ===
-Vímara was a vassal of the King of [[List of Asturian monarchs|Asturias]], Alfonso III, and was sent to [[Reconquista|reconquer]] and secure from the [[Moors]] ([[Arab]]s and [[Berber people|Berbers]] who had invaded [[Visigoth]]ic [[Hispania]]), in the west coastal fringe of [[Gallaecia]], the area from the [[Minho River]] to the [[Douro River]], including the city of ''[[Portus Cale]]'', later [[Porto]] and [[Vila Nova de Gaia|Gaia]], from where the name of [[Portugal]] emerged.
+===Issue===
-The Kingdom of Asturias was divided internally into several counties or royal provinces. Portus Cale was one of these Asturian counties. In 868, Vímara Peres was named [[First County of Portugal|Count of Portugal]] by King Alfonso III after the reconquest of the region north of the [[Douro]] river.{{Sfn|Mattoso|1981|p=106}}{{Sfn|Martínez Díez|2005|p=161}}  Later Portuguese historians viewed this event as the earliest milestone in the history of the state of Portugal, although Portugal did not achieve independence until the 12th century.
+Most historians agree that he was the father of:
+* [[Lucídio Vimaranes]] (Lucídio, son of Vímara), who succeeded Vímara as the governor of the county.{{Sfn|Sáez|1947|p=21}}{{Sfn|Mattoso|1981|pp=106 and 145}}
+Although the identity of his wife was not recorded in any contemporary charters, her name could have been Trudildi. If that was the case, Vímara would have been the father of:
-He was able to expel the Moors and founded a fortified town under his own name ''Vimaranis'' (of Vimar) which later became ''Guimaranis'', present day [[Guimarães]] (the [[Portugal|Portuguese]] call it "The Cradle City").  Vímara Peres died in 873 in the territory of A Coruña.{{Sfn|Mattoso|1981|p=106}}
+* Audivia Vimaranes who was married to Count [[Gutierre Aloítez]].{{refn|group=lower-alpha|Count Gutierre Aloítez (died after 963) is recorded with a wife named Audivia, whose parents were named Vimara and Trudildi. Trudildi is a name quite frequent among the nobility of Portugal and Galicia in the middle of the 10th-century, but Vimara is not. For chronological reasons and because of this uncommon name, historian Margarita Torres Sevilla-Quiñones de León believes that Audivia was the daughter of Count Vímara Peres, and thus Vímara's wife was this Trudildi, Audivia's mother.{{Sfn|Torres Sevilla-Quiñones de León|1998|p=304, n. 21}}}}
-=== Issue ===
+==See also==
+* [[Portugal in the Middle Ages]]
-Although the identity of his wife is not recorded in any contemporary charters, her name could have been Trudildi. If that was the case, Vímara would have been the father of:
+** [[Portugal in the Reconquista]]
-* Audivia Vimaranes who was married to Count [[Gutierre Aloítez]].{{refn|group=lower-alpha|Count Gutierre Aloítez (died after 963) is recorded with a wife named Audivia, whose parents were named Vimara and Trudildi.  Trudildi is a name quite frequent among the nobility of Portugal and Galicia in the middle of the 10th-century, but Vimara is not.  For chronological reasons and because of this uncommon name, historian Margarita Torres Sevilla-Quiñones de León believes that Audivia was the daughter of Count Vímara Peres, and thus Vímara's wife was this Trudildi, Audivia's mother.{{Sfn|Torres Sevilla-Quiñones de León|1998|p=304, n. 21}}}}
-Despite the lack of documentary proof, most historians agree that he was the father of:
-* [[Lucídio Vimaranes]] (Lucídio, son of Vímara), who succeeded Vímara as the governor of the county.{{Sfn|Sáez|1947|p=21}}{{Sfn|Mattoso|1981|pp=106 and 145}}
 ==Notes==
 {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}}
-== References ==
+==References==
 {{Commonscat|Vímara Peres}}
 {{reflist|30em}}
-== Bibliography==
+==Bibliography==
 * {{cite book|last=Martínez Díez|first=Gonzalo|title=El Condado de Castilla (711-1038): la historia frente a la leyenda |year=2005|location=Valladolid |language = ES|isbn = 84-9718-275-8}}
 * {{cite book| last=Mattoso|first= José| title = A nobreza medieval portuguesa, a família e o poder| chapter = As famílias condais portucalenses dos séculos X e XI|year = 1981| publisher = Editorial Estampa| location = Lisbon| language = PT|oclc= 8242615}}
-* {{cite book|last = Miguens Narvaiz| first = Silvia|title =Breve historia de los piratas|year = 2010|publisher =Ediciones Nowtilus, S.L.| location = Madrid|language = ES|isbn =  9788497637091|url =https://books.google.com/books?id=bOy3cElawi4C&q=Batalla+de+Fornelos&pg=PA135  }}
+* {{cite book|last = Miguens Narvaiz| first = Silvia|title =Breve historia de los piratas|year = 2010|publisher =Ediciones Nowtilus, S.L.| location = Madrid|language = ES|isbn = 9788497637091|url =https://books.google.com/books?id=bOy3cElawi4C&q=Batalla+de+Fornelos&pg=PA135 }}
 * {{Cite news|last=Sáez|first =Emilio|title=Los ascendientes de San Rosendo: notas para el estudio de la monarquía astur-leonesa durante los siglos IX y X|year = 1947|work= Hispania: revista española de Historia|number = XXX|pages= 139–156|publisher=CSIC, Instituto Jerónimo Zurita|location=Madrid|language= ES|oclc =682814356|url=http://bibliotecadigital.jcyl.es/i18n/consulta/registro.cmd?id=6257}}
-* {{cite book|last = Torres Sevilla-Quiñones de León| first = Margarita Cecilia|title = Linajes nobiliarios de León y Castilla: Siglos IX-XIII|year = 1999|publisher = Junta de Castilla y León, Consejería de educación y cultura| location = Salamanca|language =ES|isbn =  84-7846-781-5}}
+* {{cite book|last = Torres Sevilla-Quiñones de León| first = Margarita Cecilia|title = Linajes nobiliarios de León y Castilla: Siglos IX-XIII|year = 1999|publisher = Junta de Castilla y León, Consejería de educación y cultura| location = Salamanca|language =ES|isbn = 84-7846-781-5}}
 * {{cite news|last = Torres Sevilla-Quiñones de León| first = Margarita Cecilia|title = Relaciones Fronterizas entre Portugal y León en tiempos de Alfonso VII: El ejemplo de la Casa de Traba|year = 1998|work= Revista da Faculdade de Letras: História. Universidade do Porto|number= 15, 2|pages = 301–312|location = Porto|language=ES|issn =0871-164X|url =http://ler.letras.up.pt/uploads/ficheiros/4011.pdf }}
-== External links ==
+==External links==
 {{s-start}}
 {{s-new}}
@@ Line 65: / Line 70: @@
 [[Category:County of Portugal]]
 [[Category:History of Porto]]
-[[Category:Medieval Portugal]]
+[[Category:Medieval history of Portugal]]
 [[Category:People of the Reconquista]]
 [[Category:9th-century counts of Portugal (Asturias-León)]]
-[[Category:9th-century Visigothic people]]

v t e Counts of Portugal
First County of Portugal	Vímara Lucídio Mendo I and Mumadona Gonzalo Mendo II Alvito Nuno I and Ilduara Mendes Mendo III Nuno II
Second County of Portugal	Raimundo Henrique with Teresa Afonso Henriques