Jump to content

Marcel Alessandri: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous edit
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
Cydebot (talk | contribs)
6,812,251 edits
m Robot - Speedily moving category Recipients of the Médaille coloniale to Category:Recipients of the Colonial Medal per CFDS.
 
(26 intermediate revisions by 17 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{short description|French army officer}}
{{Infobox military person
{{Infobox military person
| name =Marcel Alessandri
|name =Marcel Alessandri
| image =
|image =
| caption =
|caption =
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1895|07|23}}
|birth_date = {{Birth date|1895|07|23}}
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1968|12|26|1895|07|23}}
|death_date = {{Death date and age|1968|12|26|1895|07|23}}
| placeofburial_label =
|placeofburial_label =
| placeofburial =
|placeofburial =
| birth_place =[[Boulogne-sur-Mer]]
|birth_place = [[Boulogne-sur-Mer]]
| death_place =Paris, France
|death_place = Paris, France
| placeofburial_coordinates = <!-- {{coord|LAT|LONG|display=inline,title}} -->
|placeofburial_coordinates = <!-- {{coord|LAT|LONG|display=inline,title}} -->
| nickname =
|nickname =
| birth_name =
|birth_name =
| allegiance ={{flag|France}}<br>{{flagicon|France}} [[Vichy France]]
|allegiance = {{flagdeco|France|1830}} [[Third French Republic|France]]<br />{{flagdeco|France|1830}} [[Vichy France]]
| branch ={{flagicon|France}} [[French Army]]
|branch = {{flagdeco|France|1830}} [[French Army]]
| serviceyears =1914 – 1955
|serviceyears = 1914–1955
| rank =[[Major General]]
|rank = [[Major general]]
| servicenumber =
|servicenumber =
| unit =
|unit =
| commands =
|commands =
| battles =World War I<br>World War II<br>[[First Indochina War]]
|battles = World War I<br />World War II<br />[[First Indochina War]]
| battles_label =Wars
|battles_label = Wars
| awards =
| relations =
| laterwork =
}}
}}
'''Marcel Jean Marie Alessandri''' (July 23, 1895 – December 23, 1968) was a [[French army]] officer who served in the World War I, World War II, and the [[First Indochina War]].<ref name="FSALE1">{{cite web|title=Marcel Alessandri|url=http://legionetrangere.fr/component/option,com_alphacontent/section,12/cat,63/task,view/id,641/Itemid,580/lang,en/|publisher=La Fédération des Sociétés d'Anciens de la Légion Etrangère|accessdate=22 June 2010|language=French|date=2 February 2007}}</ref> During World War II, he was stationed in [[French Indochina]] where he ultimately assumed supreme command of the French forces in China, in addition to assuming responsibility for the administration of the French government in China.<ref name="FSALE1"/> In the course of his military career he received the [[Croix de Guerre]] twelve times in addition to numerous other citations and commendations.<ref name="FSALE1"/>
'''Marcel Jean Marie Alessandri''' (July 23, 1895 – December 23, 1968) was a [[French army]] officer who served in the World War I, World War II, and the [[First Indochina War]].<ref name="FSALE1">{{cite web|title=Marcel Alessandri|url=http://legionetrangere.fr/component/option,com_alphacontent/section,12/cat,63/task,view/id,641/Itemid,580/lang,en/|publisher=La Fédération des Sociétés d'Anciens de la Légion Etrangère|accessdate=22 June 2010|language=French|date=2 February 2007|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721003115/http://legionetrangere.fr/component/option,com_alphacontent/section,12/cat,63/task,view/id,641/Itemid,580/lang,en/|archivedate=21 July 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref> During World War II, he was stationed in [[French Indochina]] where he ultimately assumed supreme command of the French forces in China, in addition to assuming responsibility for the administration of the French government in China.<ref name="FSALE1" /> In the course of his military career he received the [[Croix de Guerre]] twelve times in addition to numerous other citations and commendations.<ref name="FSALE1" />
__TOC__
__TOC__


==Early life==
==Early life==
Marcel Alessandri was born on July 23, 1895 in [[Boulogne-sur-Mer]], France.<ref name="FSALE1"/> On July 1, 1914, Alessandri entered the [[École spéciale militaire de Saint-Cyr]] where his education was shortly thereafter interrupted by the outbreak of the World War I.<ref name="FSALE1"/>
Marcel Alessandri was born on July 23, 1895, in [[Boulogne-sur-Mer]], France.<ref name="FSALE1" /> On July 1, 1914, Alessandri entered the [[École spéciale militaire de Saint-Cyr]] where his education was shortly thereafter interrupted by the outbreak of the World War I.<ref name="FSALE1" />


==First World War==
==First World War==
On December 5, 1914, Alessandri was commissioned as a [[Second Lieutenant]] (''Sous-Lieutenant'') in the [[39th Infantry Regiment (France)|39th Infantry Regiment]].<ref name="FSALE1"/> Alessandri was promoted to a full [[Lieutenant]] on the March 16, 1916. He was wounded in action on September 16, 1916.<ref name="FSALE1"/> Alessandri later served with the [[8th Infantry Regiment (France)|8th Infantry Regiment]] and the [[123rd Infantry Regiment (France)|123rd Infantry Regiment]] during the war.<ref name="FSALE1"/> Lieutenant Alessandri received a temporary promotion to Captain on July 17, 1917.<ref name="FSALE1"/> In the course of the First World War, Marcel Alessandri received twelve [[Croix de guerre 1914–1918 (France)|Croix de guerre 1914–1918]] citations and was named a [[Légion d'honneur|Chevallier of the Légion d'honneur]].<ref name="FSALE1"/>
On December 5, 1914, Alessandri was commissioned as a [[second lieutenant]] (''Sous-Lieutenant'') in the [[39th Infantry Regiment (France)|39th Infantry Regiment]].<ref name="FSALE1" /> Alessandri was promoted to a full [[lieutenant]] on the March 16, 1916. He was wounded in action on September 16, 1916.<ref name="FSALE1" /> Alessandri later served with the [[8th Infantry Regiment (France)|8th Infantry Regiment]] and the [[123rd Infantry Regiment (France)|123rd Infantry Regiment]] during the war.<ref name="FSALE1" /> Lieutenant Alessandri received a temporary promotion to Captain on July 17, 1917.<ref name="FSALE1" /> In the course of the First World War, Marcel Alessandri received twelve [[Croix de guerre 1914–1918 (France)|Croix de guerre 1914–1918]] citations and was named a [[Légion d'honneur|Chevallier of the Légion d'honneur]].<ref name="FSALE1" />


==Inter-war years==
==Inter-war years==
Line 38: Line 36:


==World War II==
==World War II==
During World War II, Colonel Alessandri was stationed in [[French Indochina]].<ref name="FSALE1"/> In 1940 following the [[fall of France]], the colony remained loyal to the [[Vichy France|Vichy government]]. From 1940 to 1943, Colonel Alessandri was the commanding officer of the [[5th Foreign Infantry Regiment]] until he was promoted to [[Brigadier General]] on May 20, 1943.<ref name="FSALE1"/> Following his promotion to Brigadier General, Alessandri assumed command of the Western Red River Group (''Groupement Ouest du fleuve Rouge'').<ref name="FSALE1"/> After the Japanese coup of March 9, 1945, General Alessandri led his remaining forces on a fighting retreat {{convert|700|mi|km}} towards Chinese territory.<ref name="FSALE1"/>
During World War II, Colonel Alessandri was stationed in [[French Indochina]].<ref name="FSALE1" /> In 1940 following the [[fall of France]], the colony remained loyal to the [[Vichy France|Vichy government]]. From 1940 to 1943, Colonel Alessandri was the commanding officer of the [[5th Foreign Infantry Regiment]] until he was promoted to [[brigadier general]] on May 20, 1943.<ref name="FSALE1" /> Following his promotion to brigadier general, Alessandri assumed command of the Western Red River Group (''Groupement Ouest du fleuve Rouge'').<ref name="FSALE1" /> After the [[Japanese coup d'état in French Indochina|Japanese coup of March 9, 1945]], General Alessandri led his remaining forces on a fighting retreat {{convert|700|mi|km}} towards Chinese territory.<ref name="FSALE1" />


==First Indochina War==
==First Indochina War==
On August 17, 1948, General Alessandri was appointed to the Command of the Ground Forces in the Far East (''commandement des forces terrestres en Extrême-Orient'').<ref name="FSALE1"/> Later he would take command of the Operational Area of Tokin.<ref name="FSALE1"/> General Alessandri was removed from this position following the disastrous [[Battle of Route Coloniale 4]] and he returned to France on November 20, 1950.<ref name="FSALE1"/>
On August 17, 1948, General Alessandri was appointed to the Command of the Ground Forces in the Far East (''commandement des forces terrestres en Extrême-Orient'').<ref name="FSALE1" /> Later he would take command of the Operational Area of Tonkin.<ref name="FSALE1" /> General Alessandri was removed from this position following the disastrous [[Battle of Route Coloniale 4]] and he returned to France on November 20, 1950.<ref name="FSALE1" />


==Later life and legacy==
==Later life and legacy==
On July 23, 1955 after reaching mandatory retirement age, Major General Marcel Alessandri retired and returned to France.<ref name="FSALE1"/> By the end of his military career, Marcel Alessandri had received twelve separate [[Croix de Guerre]] citations, had been awarded the [[Légion d'honneur|Grand Officer of Légion d'honneur]], and numerous other foreign decorations. Alessandri died on December 26, 1968 in Paris, France.<ref name="FSALE1"/>
On July 23, 1955, after reaching mandatory retirement age, Major General Marcel Alessandri retired and returned to France.<ref name="FSALE1" /> By the end of his military career, Marcel Alessandri had received twelve separate [[Croix de Guerre]] citations, had been awarded the [[Légion d'honneur|Grand Officer of Légion d'honneur]], and numerous other foreign decorations. Alessandri died on December 26, 1968, in Paris, France.<ref name="FSALE1" />


==Promotions==
==Promotions==
*[[Second Lieutenant]] December 5, 1914
* [[Second Lieutenant]] December 5, 1914
*[[Lieutenant]] March 9, 1916
* [[Lieutenant]] March 9, 1916
*[[Captain (land)|Captain]] July 5, 1917
* [[Captain (land)|Captain]] July 5, 1917
*[[Chef de Battalion]] 1930
* [[Chef de Battalion]] 1930
*[[Lieutenant-colonel]] March 17, 1936
* [[Lieutenant-colonel]] March 17, 1936
*[[Colonel]] March 25, 1941
* [[Colonel]] March 25, 1941
*[[Brigadier General]] May 20, 1943
* [[Brigadier General]] May 20, 1943
*[[Major General]] 1945
* [[Major General]] 1945


==Awards and Commendations==
==Awards and commendations==
;France
;France
* Grand Officer of the [[Legion of Honour]] (1950); Chevalier (1916), Officer (1930), Commander (1945)
* Grand Officer of the [[Legion of Honour]] (1950); Chevalier (1916), Officer (1930), Commander (1945)
* [[Medal of the Resistance]] (Official Gazette of 20 March 1948)
* [[Medal of the Resistance]] (Official Gazette of 20 March 1948)
* [[Croix de Guerre 1914-1918]]
* [[Croix de Guerre 1914–1918]]
* [[Croix de Guerre 1939-1945]]
* [[Croix de Guerre 1939–1945]]
* [[Croix de guerre des théâtres d'opérations extérieures]]
* [[Croix de guerre des théâtres d'opérations extérieures]]
* [[Colonial Medal]] with "Morocco" and "Indochine" clasps
* [[Colonial Medal]] with "Morocco" and "Indochine" clasps
* [[Médaille commémorative de la guerre 1914–1918|Memorial Medal of the 1914-1918 War]]
* [[Médaille commémorative de la guerre 1914–1918|Memorial Medal of the 1914–1918 War]]
* [[Médaille commémorative de la guerre 1939–1945|Memorial Medal of the 1939-1945 war]]
* [[Médaille commémorative de la guerre 1939–1945|Memorial Medal of the 1939–1945 war]]
* [[Médaille Interalliée 1914–1918]]
* [[Médaille Interalliée 1914–1918]]
* [[Médaille commémorative de la campagne d'Indochine|Memorial medal of the Indochina campaign]]
* [[Médaille commémorative de la campagne d'Indochine|Memorial medal of the Indochina campaign]]
Line 77: Line 75:


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Reflist}}

{{Authority control}}


{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. -->
| NAME =Alessandri, Marcel
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION =Soldier
| DATE OF BIRTH =July 23, 1895
| PLACE OF BIRTH =[[Boulogne-sur-Mer]]
| DATE OF DEATH =December 26, 1968
| PLACE OF DEATH =Paris, France
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Alessandri, Marcel}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Alessandri, Marcel}}
[[Category:1895 births]]
[[Category:1895 births]]
Line 93: Line 84:
[[Category:People from Boulogne-sur-Mer]]
[[Category:People from Boulogne-sur-Mer]]
[[Category:French generals]]
[[Category:French generals]]
[[Category:French military personnel of the First Indochina War]]
[[Category:Knights Grand Cross of the Royal Order of Cambodia]]
[[Category:Officers of the French Foreign Legion]]
[[Category:Officers of the French Foreign Legion]]
[[Category:Grand Officiers of the Légion d'honneur]]
[[Category:Grand Officers of the Legion of Honour]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Resistance Medal]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Resistance Medal]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Croix de Guerre 1914–1918 (France)]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Croix de Guerre 1914–1918 (France)]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Croix de Guerre 1939–1945 (France)]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Croix de Guerre 1939–1945 (France)]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Croix de guerre des Théatres d'Opérations Exterieures]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Croix de guerre des théâtres d'opérations extérieures]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Colonial Medal]]
[[Category:Honorary companions of the Order of the Bath]]
[[Category:Commanders of the Order of Ouissam Alaouite (Morocco)]]
[[Category:French military personnel of World War I]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Royal Order of Cambodia]]
[[Category:French Army generals of World War II]]
[[Category:Order of the Bath]]

Latest revision as of 22:12, 12 September 2024

Marcel Alessandri
Born(1895-07-23)July 23, 1895
Boulogne-sur-Mer
DiedDecember 26, 1968(1968-12-26) (aged 73)
Paris, France
Allegiance France
Vichy France
Service / branch French Army
Years of service1914–1955
RankMajor general
WarsWorld War I
World War II
First Indochina War

Marcel Jean Marie Alessandri (July 23, 1895 – December 23, 1968) was a French army officer who served in the World War I, World War II, and the First Indochina War.[1] During World War II, he was stationed in French Indochina where he ultimately assumed supreme command of the French forces in China, in addition to assuming responsibility for the administration of the French government in China.[1] In the course of his military career he received the Croix de Guerre twelve times in addition to numerous other citations and commendations.[1]

Early life

[edit]

Marcel Alessandri was born on July 23, 1895, in Boulogne-sur-Mer, France.[1] On July 1, 1914, Alessandri entered the École spéciale militaire de Saint-Cyr where his education was shortly thereafter interrupted by the outbreak of the World War I.[1]

First World War

[edit]

On December 5, 1914, Alessandri was commissioned as a second lieutenant (Sous-Lieutenant) in the 39th Infantry Regiment.[1] Alessandri was promoted to a full lieutenant on the March 16, 1916. He was wounded in action on September 16, 1916.[1] Alessandri later served with the 8th Infantry Regiment and the 123rd Infantry Regiment during the war.[1] Lieutenant Alessandri received a temporary promotion to Captain on July 17, 1917.[1] In the course of the First World War, Marcel Alessandri received twelve Croix de guerre 1914–1918 citations and was named a Chevallier of the Légion d'honneur.[1]

Inter-war years

[edit]

After the First World War and a second stint at école spéciale militaire de Saint-Cyr, Marcel Alessandri chose to enter the French Colonial Infantry and joined the 7th Colonial Infantry Regiment in Morocco on September 16, 1919. Alessandri participated in the French campaigns in Morocco during this time and was awarded a Croix de guerre des théâtres d'opérations extérieures. He received a permanent commission as a Captain on March 20, 1920. Alessandri was assigned to the 21st Colonial Infantry Regiment in French Indochina on April 8, 1922. He later served in French West Africa and attended the French War College in 1928 before returning to Morocco in 1930. His posting in Morocco was follow by staff assignments back in France at the Colonial Forces Headquarters and as an instructor at the War College. On April 12, 1939, Alessandri returned to French Indochina.

World War II

[edit]

During World War II, Colonel Alessandri was stationed in French Indochina.[1] In 1940 following the fall of France, the colony remained loyal to the Vichy government. From 1940 to 1943, Colonel Alessandri was the commanding officer of the 5th Foreign Infantry Regiment until he was promoted to brigadier general on May 20, 1943.[1] Following his promotion to brigadier general, Alessandri assumed command of the Western Red River Group (Groupement Ouest du fleuve Rouge).[1] After the Japanese coup of March 9, 1945, General Alessandri led his remaining forces on a fighting retreat 700 miles (1,100 km) towards Chinese territory.[1]

First Indochina War

[edit]

On August 17, 1948, General Alessandri was appointed to the Command of the Ground Forces in the Far East (commandement des forces terrestres en Extrême-Orient).[1] Later he would take command of the Operational Area of Tonkin.[1] General Alessandri was removed from this position following the disastrous Battle of Route Coloniale 4 and he returned to France on November 20, 1950.[1]

Later life and legacy

[edit]

On July 23, 1955, after reaching mandatory retirement age, Major General Marcel Alessandri retired and returned to France.[1] By the end of his military career, Marcel Alessandri had received twelve separate Croix de Guerre citations, had been awarded the Grand Officer of Légion d'honneur, and numerous other foreign decorations. Alessandri died on December 26, 1968, in Paris, France.[1]

Promotions

[edit]

Awards and commendations

[edit]
France
Foreign

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s "Marcel Alessandri" (in French). La Fédération des Sociétés d'Anciens de la Légion Etrangère. 2 February 2007. Archived from the original on 21 July 2011. Retrieved 22 June 2010.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marcel_Alessandri&oldid=1245419457"