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{{Short description|American interior designer}}
{{Cleanup bare URLs|date=September 2022}}
{{Infobox person
{{Infobox person
|name = Robert Denning
|name = Robert Denning
|birth_date = {{birth date|1927|3|13}}
|birth_date = {{birth date|1927|3|13}}
|death_date = {{death date and age|2005|8|26|1927|3|13}}
|death_date = {{death date and age|2005|8|26|1927|3|13}}
|birth_name = Robert Dennis Besser
|birth_name = Robert Dennis Besser
|image = RDenn.jpg
|image = RDenn.jpg
|caption=Robert Denning, c. 2002
|caption = Denning, c. 2002
|birth_place = [[New York City|New York]], [[New York (state)|New York]]
|birth_place = New York City, U.S.
|death_place = [[New York City|New York]], [[New York (state)|New York]]
|death_place = New York City, U.S.
|death_cause = Heart attack|occupation = [[Interior design]]
|occupation = [[Interior design]]<br />[[Denning & Fourcade, Inc.]]
|parents = {{ plainlist|*Jacob Denning
|partner(s) = {{plainlist | *[[Edgar de Evia]] (1942–1959)
*Jean Rosen }}
|partner(s) = {{plainlist | *[[Edgar de Evia]] (1942–1959)
*[[Vincent Fourcade]] (1959–1992)}}
*[[Vincent Fourcade]] (1959–1992)}}
}}
}}
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==Early life==
==Early life==
Denning was born '''Robert Dennis Besser''' in New York City, New York, to Jean (née Rosen) and Jacob Besser. Denning, as he was often called, developed an early interest in his body and health, a characteristic instilled in him by his mother. He was just fifteen when he met [[Edgar de Evia]]<ref>''AD Designers'' ''[[Architectural Digest]]'s January 2002 Special Collector's Edition Announces The New "AD 100" Top Interior Designers and Architects reproduced on their webpage [http://www.architecturaldigest.com/design/AD100/articles/040713de_023 AD 100]</ref> who was the research assistant to Dr. [[Guy Beckley Stearns]] and would go on to become a noted [[photographer]]. He became a testing subject for this [[Homeopathy|Homeopathic]] medical research and when his parents and younger brother moved to [[Florida]], he stayed in New York City living with de Evia and his mother [[Miirrha Alhambra]]. He would often say that he saw his first [[lampshade]] in this home, as he grew up with a bare bulb being adequate.<ref name="Volk">''The Sweet Smell of Excess'' by Patricia Volk, October 8, 2006, [[New York Times]] [https://www.nytimes.com/2006/10/08/style/tmagazine/08texcess.html online] retrieved October 4, 2007</ref> His first effort with decorating was perhaps in imitation of [[Gwendoline Maud Syrie Barnardo|Syrie Maugham]] when Edgar and he, painted everything in Miirrha's room white and put her bed on a dais. Her only response was: "Did you have to paint even my [[Baccarat (company)|Baccarat]] perfume bottles?" He never used white again.<ref name="Volk"/>
Denning was born '''Robert Dennis Besser''' in New York City, New York, to Jean (née Rosen) and Jacob Besser. Denning, as he was often called, developed an early interest in his body and health, a characteristic instilled in him by his mother. He was just fifteen when he met [[Edgar de Evia]]<ref>''AD Designers'' ''[[Architectural Digest]]''{{'}}s January 2002 Special Collector's Edition Announces The New "AD 100" Top Interior Designers and Architects reproduced on their webpage [http://www.architecturaldigest.com/design/AD100/articles/040713de_023 AD 100]</ref> who was the research assistant to Dr. [[Guy Beckley Stearns]] and would go on to become a noted photographer. He became a testing subject for this [[Homeopathy|homeopathic]] medical research and when his parents and younger brother moved to [[Florida]], he stayed in New York City living with de Evia and his mother [[Miirrha Alhambra]]. He would often say that he saw his first [[lampshade]] in this home, as he grew up with a bare bulb being adequate.<ref name="Volk">"The Sweet Smell of Excess" by Patricia Volk, October 8, 2006, ''[[The New York Times]]'' [https://www.nytimes.com/2006/10/08/style/tmagazine/08texcess.html online] retrieved October 4, 2007</ref> His first effort with decorating was perhaps in imitation of [[Gwendoline Maud Syrie Barnardo|Syrie Maugham]] when he and Edgar painted everything in Miirrha's room white and put her bed on a dais. Her only response was: "Did you have to paint even my [[Baccarat (company)|Baccarat]] perfume bottles?" He never used white again.<ref name="Volk"/>

He was one of several design leaders raised in the Jewish community in the Bronx, along with [[Calvin Klein]] and [[Ralph Lauren]].<ref name="citylife">{{cite web|url=http://cityfile.com/profiles/calvin-klein|title=Calvin j|publisher=Citylife.com|access-date=January 28, 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090901185806/http://cityfile.com/profiles/calvin-klein|archive-date=September 1, 2009}}</ref><ref>http://www.fashiondesign.org/calvin-klein.php</ref>


==Denning & Fourcade==
==Denning & Fourcade==
[[Image:Robert Denning with Bugatti.jpg|200px|thumb|left|Robert Denning in photograph taken by [[Edgar de Evia]] in the 1950s.]]
[[Image:Robert Denning with Bugatti.jpg|200px|thumb|left|Robert Denning in photograph taken by [[Edgar de Evia]] in the 1950s.]]
From 1960 the firm of [[Denning & Fourcade, Inc.|Denning & Fourcade]] would become known for colorful extravagance and over the top opulence. Clients beginning with [[Michel David-Weill]];<ref name="Paris">"Past Perfect in Paris–A Richly Detailed Apartment for a New York Designer" by Annette Tapert, ''[[Architectural Digest]],'' October 1995, v. 52 #10, pp. 168–173</ref><ref name="VF">''Vincent Fourcade, 58, Decorator Known for His Ornate Interiors'' by Carol Vogel, December 25, 1992, [[New York Times]] [https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9E0CE4D8163BF936A15751C1A964958260 online] retrieved October 17, 2007obituary</ref> the [[Ogden Phipps]] family,<ref name="VF"/> for whom they did fifteen houses;<ref name="Paris"/> [[Henry Kravis]],<ref name="CR">''The Best Revenge (Isn't It Always)'' by Dan Shaw, October 15, 2006, [[New York Times]] [https://www.nytimes.com/2006/10/15/realestate/15habi.html?scp=49&sq=Jayne%20Wrightsman&st=cse online] retrieved December 30, 2008</ref> whose home, and their decorating, was parodied in the 1990 movie "[[The Bonfire of the Vanities]]"<ref>[http://www.southlondoninteriordesigners.co.uk/Vincent-Fourcade.html in:sensedesign]</ref> with [[Tom Hanks]];<ref name="VF"/> Charles and Jayne Wrightsman;<ref name="CR"/> [[Henry Kissinger]];<ref name="CR"/> [[Diana Ross]];<ref name="VF"/> [[Oscar de la Renta]]<ref name="Volk"/> both in [[Manhattan]]<ref>"In the de la Renta Fashion" by John Richardson, ''[[House & Garden (magazine)|House & Garden]]'', December 1985</ref> and [[Connecticut]];<ref>''[[House & Garden (magazine)|House & Garden]]'' July 1986</ref> Beatriz and [[Antenor Patiño]], the Bolivian tin magnate<ref name="VF"/> and Jean Vanderbilt,<ref name="Volk"/> to name only a few, began to roll in. Soon they were established and known for creating an established and 'old money' atmosphere anywhere. For thirty years they were courted on both sides of the [[Atlantic]].<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2005/09/04/nyregion/04denning.html "Robert Denning Dies at 78; Champion of Lavish Décor"], by Mitchell Owens, September 4, 2005, [[New York Times]] obituary</ref> Denning kept the fragrance [[Sous Le Vent]] in his automobiles to remind him of [[Lillian Bostwick Phipps]] who always wore the scent. Longtime clients such as [[Spencer Hays]],<ref>"Manhattan Grand Luxe&nbsp;– Richly Appointed Rooms For Collectors", by Aileen Mehle, ''[[Architectural Digest]],'' September 1994, v. 51 #9, pp. 126–176</ref> the [[Richard Merillat]]s for whom he has designed homes in [[Naples, Florida]]<ref>"Florida Renaissance&nbsp;– Italianate Splendors Enrich A Villa in Naples", by Suzanne Stephens, ''[[Architectural Digest]],'' October 2000, v. 57 #10, pp. 284–298</ref> and [[Michigan]], the [[Susanna Agnelli|Countess Rattazzi]], for whom he did homes in [[Manhattan]], [[South America]] and [[Italy]] (15 houses in all)<ref name="Jason">"Editorial Statement&nbsp;– Brushing Up Jason Epstein's Downtown Loft", by Judith Thurman, ''[[Architectural Digest]],'' March 1995, v. 52 #3, pp. 186–200</ref> looked forward to shopping sprees with him be it in the wholesale import markets in New York City or the Paris flea market. Denning's five story townhouse for [[Phyllis Fraser|Phyllis Cerf Wagner]] is described as: "... cozy and grand at the same time, but not elaborately fussy."<ref>"Wendy's Warren" by Max Abelson, ''The New York Observer'' February 12, 2007 [http://www.observer.com/node/36711 online] retrieved September 27, 2007</ref>
From 1960 the firm of [[Denning & Fourcade, Inc.|Denning & Fourcade]] would become known for colorful extravagance and over the top opulence. Clients beginning with [[Michel David-Weill]];<ref name="Paris">"Past Perfect in Paris–A Richly Detailed Apartment for a New York Designer" by Annette Tapert, ''[[Architectural Digest]],'' October 1995, v. 52 #10, pp. 168–173</ref><ref name="VF">"Vincent Fourcade, 58, Decorator Known for His Ornate Interiors" by Carol Vogel, December 25, 1992, ''[[The New York Times]]'' [https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9E0CE4D8163BF936A15751C1A964958260 online] retrieved October 17, 2007obituary</ref> the [[Ogden Phipps]] family,<ref name="VF"/> for whom they did fifteen houses;<ref name="Paris"/> [[Henry Kravis]],<ref name="CR">''The Best Revenge (Isn't It Always)'' by Dan Shaw, October 15, 2006, ''[[The New York Times]]'' [https://www.nytimes.com/2006/10/15/realestate/15habi.html?scp=49&sq=Jayne%20Wrightsman&st=cse online] retrieved December 30, 2008</ref> whose home, and their decorating, was parodied in the 1990 movie "[[The Bonfire of the Vanities]]"<ref>[http://www.southlondoninteriordesigners.co.uk/Vincent-Fourcade.html in:sensedesign] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090427110616/http://www.southlondoninteriordesigners.co.uk/Vincent-Fourcade.html |date=2009-04-27 }}</ref> with [[Tom Hanks]];<ref name="VF"/> Charles and Jayne Wrightsman;<ref name="CR"/> [[Henry Kissinger]];<ref name="CR"/> [[Diana Ross]];<ref name="VF"/> [[Oscar de la Renta]]<ref name="Volk"/> both in Manhattan<ref>"In the de la Renta Fashion" by John Richardson, ''[[House & Garden (magazine)|House & Garden]]'', December 1985</ref> and [[Connecticut]];<ref>''[[House & Garden (magazine)|House & Garden]]'' July 1986</ref> Beatriz and [[Antenor Patiño]], the Bolivian tin magnate<ref name="VF"/> and Jean Vanderbilt,<ref name="Volk"/> to name only a few, began to roll in. Soon they were established and known for creating an established and 'old money' atmosphere anywhere. For thirty years they were courted on both sides of the Atlantic.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2005/09/04/nyregion/04denning.html "Robert Denning Dies at 78; Champion of Lavish Décor"], by Mitchell Owens, September 4, 2005, ''[[The New York Times]]'' obituary</ref> Denning kept the fragrance [[Sous Le Vent]] in his automobiles to remind him of [[Lillian Bostwick Phipps]] who always wore the scent. Longtime clients such as [[Spencer Hays]],<ref>"Manhattan Grand Luxe&nbsp;– Richly Appointed Rooms For Collectors", by Aileen Mehle, ''[[Architectural Digest]],'' September 1994, v. 51 #9, pp. 126–176</ref> the [[Richard Merillat]]s for whom he has designed homes in [[Naples, Florida]]<ref>"Florida Renaissance&nbsp;– Italianate Splendors Enrich A Villa in Naples", by Suzanne Stephens, ''[[Architectural Digest]],'' October 2000, v. 57 #10, pp. 284–298</ref> and [[Michigan]], the [[Susanna Agnelli|Countess Rattazzi]], for whom he did homes in Manhattan, South America and Italy (15 houses in all)<ref name="Jason">"Editorial Statement&nbsp;– Brushing Up Jason Epstein's Downtown Loft", by Judith Thurman, ''[[Architectural Digest]],'' March 1995, v. 52 #3, pp. 186–200</ref> looked forward to shopping sprees with him be it in the wholesale import markets in New York City or the Paris flea market. Denning's five story townhouse for [[Phyllis Fraser|Phyllis Cerf Wagner]] is described as: "... cozy and grand at the same time, but not elaborately fussy."<ref>"Wendy's Warren" by Max Abelson, ''The New York Observer'' February 12, 2007 [https://web.archive.org/web/20080316010844/http://www.observer.com/node/36711 online] retrieved September 27, 2007</ref>


[[Eugenia Sheppard]] of the [[New York Herald Tribune]] dubbed their work "[[Le goût Rothschild|Le Style Rothschild]]." It reeked {{lang|fr|''de l'argent''}}. "Outrageous luxury is what our clients want," Denning & Fourcade said. This was the 1980s, the era of instant wealth. They visually defined it, giving crisp money the appearance of provenance and what Denning called "a casual English attitude about grandeur."<ref name="Volk"/>
[[Eugenia Sheppard]] of the [[New York Herald Tribune]] dubbed their work "[[Le goût Rothschild|Le Style Rothschild]]." It reeked {{lang|fr|de l'argent}}. "Outrageous luxury is what our clients want," Denning & Fourcade said. This was the 1980s, the era of instant wealth. They visually defined it, giving crisp money the appearance of provenance and what Denning called "a casual English attitude about grandeur."<ref name="Volk"/>


Often perceived as "...the Odd Couple. Boyish, down-to-earth Denning is the hardest worker, while Fourcade sniffs the client air to gauge if it's socially registered before he goes beyond the fringe."<ref name="Volk"/><ref>"Inside the Decorating Establishment&nbsp;– The Ant and the Grasshopper" by Rosemary Kent, ''[[New York (magazine)|New York]]'', April 28, 1975</ref> Jewelry designer [[Kenneth Jay Lane]] developed a passion for art pieces from the [[Middle East]] which the firm was in the vanguard of introducing and has also used some of their lighting treatments.<ref>''Home Design 2002: Jewels in the Town'' by Bob Morris, April 8, 2002, ''[[New York (magazine)|New York]]'' [http://nymag.com/nymetro/urban/home/design/features/5860/index.html online] retrieved June 29, 2006</ref> Denning designed [[Jason Epstein]]'s [[SoHo]] home<ref>"A Vision for Books That Exults in Happenstance" by Dinitia Smith January 13, 2001, [[New York Times]] [https://www.nytimes.com/2001/01/13/books/a-vision-for-books-that-exults-in-happenstance.html?scp=12&sq=Robert%20Denning&st=cse online] retrieved August 9, 2009</ref> from scratch in the shell of the building that housed the first consolidated New York police department.<ref name="Jason"/> This was an entirely new effort for the designer who is known by many to specialize in a period "we'd call early-fringed-lampshade, but chic".<ref>"Scull-Duggery: The Split Goes Public" by Joan Kron, ''[[New York (magazine)|New York]]'', January 20, 1975, p. 52</ref>
Often perceived as "...the Odd Couple. Boyish, down-to-earth Denning is the hardest worker, while Fourcade sniffs the client air to gauge if it's socially registered before he goes beyond the fringe."<ref name="Volk"/><ref>"Inside the Decorating Establishment&nbsp;– The Ant and the Grasshopper" by Rosemary Kent, ''[[New York (magazine)|New York]]'', April 28, 1975</ref> Jewelry designer [[Kenneth Jay Lane]] developed a passion for art pieces from the Middle East which the firm was in the vanguard of introducing and has also used some of their lighting treatments.<ref>''Home Design 2002: Jewels in the Town'' by Bob Morris, April 8, 2002, ''[[New York (magazine)|New York]]'' [https://nymag.com/nymetro/urban/home/design/features/5860/index.html online] retrieved June 29, 2006</ref> Denning designed [[Jason Epstein]]'s [[SoHo]] home<ref>"A Vision for Books That Exults in Happenstance" by Dinitia Smith January 13, 2001, [[The New York Times]] [https://www.nytimes.com/2001/01/13/books/a-vision-for-books-that-exults-in-happenstance.html?scp=12&sq=Robert%20Denning&st=cse online] retrieved August 9, 2009</ref> from scratch in the shell of the building that housed the first consolidated New York police department.<ref name="Jason"/> This was an entirely new effort for the designer who is known by many to specialize in a period "we'd call early-fringed-lampshade, but chic".<ref>"Scull-Duggery: The Split Goes Public" by Joan Kron, ''[[New York (magazine)|New York]]'', January 20, 1975, p. 52</ref>


They would also amass a large collection of artwork and [[bronze]]s. They would commission original works of art and collect many of the same artists that they would recommend to their clients.<ref>[http://www.absolutearts.com/portfolios/z/zegadams/artist_collections.html Collections including the artist [[Andrew Zega]] ]
They would also amass a large collection of artwork and [[bronze]]s. They would commission original works of art and collect many of the same artists that they would recommend to their clients.<ref>[http://www.absolutearts.com/portfolios/z/zegadams/artist_collections.html Collections including the artist Andrew Zega], retrieved June 29, 2006</ref>
retrieved June 29, 2006</ref>


[[File:I Vincent Fourcade and Robert Denning House, NYC, NY, USA.jpg|thumb|East 73d Street]]Fourcade and Denning shared a red brick mansion on East 73d Street in Manhattan and a house they built in Bridgehampton, Long Island; both houses were the subjects of articles in decorating magazines around the world.
[[File:I Vincent Fourcade and Robert Denning House, NYC, NY, USA.jpg|thumb|East 73d Street]]Fourcade and Denning shared a red brick mansion on East 73d Street in Manhattan and a house they built in Bridgehampton, Long Island; both houses were the subjects of articles in decorating magazines around the world.
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==After Fourcade==
==After Fourcade==
[[Image:Robert Denning and Edgar de Evia.jpg|200px|thumb|right|Robert Denning and [[Edgar de Evia]] in Robert Denning's apartment at the [[Lombardy Hotel]], 2002.]]
[[Image:Robert Denning and Edgar de Evia.jpg|200px|thumb|right|Robert Denning and [[Edgar de Evia]] in Robert Denning's apartment at the [[Lombardy Hotel]], 2002.]]
Denning 'reinvented' himself to use his own word, after [[Vincent Fourcade]]'s death from [[AIDS]] in 1992. Taking a lighter approach with more emphasis on effect and comfort than signed pieces of furniture, he used to laugh at how he would coach his early clients with decorating their children and grandchildren's homes.<ref>"Flying Solo-Robert Denning talks about the grandeur he has known-the rooms and the clients", [[W (magazine)|W At Home]]</ref> He was listed in the [[AD100]], top hundred decorators by [[Architectural Digest]] for a number of years and once said: "I'll accept commissions from anyone who isn't frightened by my proposals."<ref>''The AD 100'' ''[[Architectural Digest]] January 2000, v. 57 #1, p. 48</ref> Also listed in ''[[New York (magazine)|New York]]'' ''The Top 100 Architects & Decorators'' and [[The New York Times Magazine]] in an article "Who Made It" he was listed as one of 15 interior designers who had become "celebrities in their own right".:<ref>[[The New York Times Magazine]], October 15, 1989</ref>
Denning 'reinvented' himself to use his own word, after [[Vincent Fourcade]]'s death from [[AIDS]] in 1992. Taking a lighter approach with more emphasis on effect and comfort than signed pieces of furniture, he used to laugh at how he would coach his early clients with decorating their children and grandchildren's homes.<ref>"Flying Solo-Robert Denning talks about the grandeur he has known-the rooms and the clients", [[W (magazine)|W At Home]]</ref> He was listed in the [[AD100]], top hundred decorators by [[Architectural Digest]] for a number of years and once said: "I'll accept commissions from anyone who isn't frightened by my proposals."<ref>''The AD 100'' ''[[Architectural Digest]]'' January 2000, v. 57 #1, p. 48</ref> Also listed in ''[[New York (magazine)|New York]]'' ''The Top 100 Architects & Decorators'' and [[The New York Times Magazine]] in an article "Who Made It" he was listed as one of 15 interior designers who had become "celebrities in their own right".:<ref>[[The New York Times Magazine]], October 15, 1989</ref>


<!-- Deleted image removed: [[Image:DoyleNY.JPG|thumb|left|170px|Entrance to [[Doyle New York]] at the time of the Estate of Robert Denning auction.]] -->
<!-- Deleted image removed: [[Image:DoyleNY.JPG|thumb|left|170px|Entrance to [[Doyle New York]] at the time of the Estate of Robert Denning auction.]] -->
:Technology permitting, Robert Denning would happily return to the nineteenth century. Since he can't, he devotes himself to re-creating&nbsp;– with international mixes of opulent furniture&nbsp;– the sumptuous interiors of his favorite era, using damask, silks, and taffetas.<ref>''The Top 100 Architects & Decorators'' October 14, 2002, ''[[New York (magazine)|New York]]'' [http://www.nymetro.com/nymetro/shopping/homedesignfall2002/n_7806//index2.html online] retrieved June 29, 2006</ref>
:Technology permitting, Robert Denning would happily return to the nineteenth century. Since he can't, he devotes himself to re-creating&nbsp;– with international mixes of opulent furniture&nbsp;– the sumptuous interiors of his favorite era, using damask, silks, and taffetas.<ref>''The Top 100 Architects & Decorators'' October 14, 2002, ''[[New York (magazine)|New York]]'' [http://www.nymetro.com/nymetro/shopping/homedesignfall2002/n_7806//index2.html online] retrieved June 29, 2006</ref>


His jobs have appeared not only in AD's pages, but those of every major magazine with home interiors. He always participated in charity benefits such as the auction to benefit [[Friends In Deed]], a counseling organization for people with AIDS and cancer<ref>''Buttons, bows and Damask: Designer Chairs at Auction'' by Elaine Louie, December 12, 1996, [[New York Times]] [https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?sec=health&res=9D0CE3DA1F3FF931A25751C1A960958260 online] retrieved June 29, 2006</ref> to decorating the main foyer of the von Stade mansion to benefit Southampton's Rogers Memorial Library.<ref>'' Southampton Show House to Open Doors'' by Suzanne Slesin, June 30, 1983, [[New York Times]] [https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?sec=travel&res=9406EFDB1639F933A05755C0A965948260 online] retrieved June 29, 2006</ref> He was one of the decorators that contributed to the restoration of the 1932, 50 room mansion, of [[William Goadby Loew]] for the Smithers Alcoholism Treatment and Training Center on [[Manhattan]]'s upper East side.<ref>"A Renewal For a Place Of Renewal" by Elaine Louie February 3, 1994, [[New York Times]] [https://www.nytimes.com/1994/02/03/garden/a-renewal-for-a-place-of-renewal.html?scp=19&sq=Robert%20Denning&st=cse online] retrieved August 9, 2009</ref> "A sense of humor overlaying a deep commitment to style and a consuming passion for detail characterize all of Denning's work."<ref>"The More the Merrier&nbsp;– Robert Denning's Extravagance of Color and Pattern", by Cynthia Zarin, ''[[w:Architectural Digest|Architectural Digest]],'' April 2002, v. 59 #4, pp. 146–152</ref>
His jobs have appeared not only in AD's pages, but those of every major magazine with home interiors. He always participated in charity benefits such as the auction to benefit [[Friends In Deed]], a counseling organization for people with AIDS and cancer<ref>''Buttons, bows and Damask: Designer Chairs at Auction'' by Elaine Louie, December 12, 1996, [[The New York Times]] [https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?sec=health&res=9D0CE3DA1F3FF931A25751C1A960958260 online] retrieved June 29, 2006</ref> to decorating the main foyer of the von Stade mansion to benefit Southampton's Rogers Memorial Library.<ref>'' Southampton Show House to Open Doors'' by Suzanne Slesin, June 30, 1983, [[The New York Times]] [https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?sec=travel&res=9406EFDB1639F933A05755C0A965948260 online] retrieved June 29, 2006</ref> He was one of the decorators that contributed to the restoration of the 1932, 50 room mansion, of [[William Goadby Loew]] for the Smithers Alcoholism Treatment and Training Center on Manhattan's upper East side.<ref>"A Renewal For a Place Of Renewal" by Elaine Louie February 3, 1994, [[The New York Times]] [https://www.nytimes.com/1994/02/03/garden/a-renewal-for-a-place-of-renewal.html?scp=19&sq=Robert%20Denning&st=cse online] retrieved August 9, 2009</ref> "A sense of humor overlaying a deep commitment to style and a consuming passion for detail characterize all of Denning's work."<ref>"The More the Merrier&nbsp;– Robert Denning's Extravagance of Color and Pattern", by Cynthia Zarin, ''[[w:Architectural Digest|Architectural Digest]],'' April 2002, v. 59 #4, pp. 146–152</ref>


During the last decade of his life he tired of Paris, giving up his home that he had shared with Vincent in the [[XVIIe arrondissement|17th arrondissment]]. He was content in the familiar surroundings of his home and offices in the [[Lombardy Hotel]] in New York City, where both the lobby <ref name="Volk"/> and restaurant were of his design.
During the last decade of his life he tired of Paris, giving up his home that he had shared with Vincent in the [[XVIIe arrondissement|17th arrondissement]]. He was content in the familiar surroundings of his home and offices in the [[Lombardy Hotel]] in New York City, where both the lobby <ref name="Volk"/> and restaurant were of his design.


He died in his apartment in New York City in 2005. His personal estate was featured in an auction at [[Doyle New York]] on May 17, 2006.
He died in his apartment in New York City in 2005. His personal estate was featured in an auction at [[Doyle New York]] on May 17, 2006.
{{clear left}}
{{clear left}}

==Robert Denning Suite at the Lombardy==
<gallery class="center" widths="225px" heights="225px">
File:Lombardy Hotel, NYC, NY 2.jpg
File:Lombardy Hotel, NYC, NY.jpg
File:Lombardy Hotel, NYC, NY 3.jpg
File:Lombardy Hotel, NYC, NY 4.jpg
</gallery>


==References==
==References==
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==External links==
==External links==
{{wikiquote}}
{{wikiquote}}
{{Commons|Robert Denning}}
{{Commons}}
* [http://www.denningfourcade.com Robert Denning and Vincent Fourcade's Official Homepage]
* [http://www.denningfourcade.com Robert Denning and Vincent Fourcade's Official Homepage]
* {{Find a Grave|11618755}}
* [http://www.deEvia.com Edgar de Evia's Official Homepage]
* [http://www.deEvia.com Edgar de Evia's Official Homepage]
* [http://www.digitaljournalist.org/issue0010/seeing01.htm Melvin Sokolsky's comments on meeting Bob at the gym and then meeting Edgar de Evia.]
* [http://www.digitaljournalist.org/issue0010/seeing01.htm Melvin Sokolsky's comments on meeting Bob at the gym and then meeting Edgar de Evia.]
* [http://www.architecturaldigest.com/design/AD100/articles/040713de_023 ARCHITECTURAL DIGEST 100 top designers]
* [http://www.architecturaldigest.com/design/AD100/articles/040713de_023 ARCHITECTURAL DIGEST 100 top designers]
* [http://www.franklinreport.com/NY/action.lasso?-database=Vendor.fp3&-layout=Provider&-response=vendordetail.html&-logicalOp=and&-recID=35481&-search Franklin Report card] at [[The Franklin Report]]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20041012225145/http://www.franklinreport.com/NY/action.lasso?-database=Vendor.fp3&-layout=Provider&-response=vendordetail.html&-logicalOp=and&-recID=35481&-search Franklin Report card] at [[The Franklin Report]]
*[http://www.doylenewyork.com/pr/denning/denning.htm Results and background of the estate sale of Robert Denning at [[Doyle New York]].]
*[http://www.doylenewyork.com/pr/denning/denning.htm Results and background of the estate sale of Robert Denning] at [[Doyle New York]].


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[[Category:People from New York City]]
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Latest revision as of 21:17, 10 October 2024

Robert Denning
Denning, c. 2002
Born
Robert Dennis Besser

(1927-03-13)March 13, 1927
New York City, U.S.
DiedAugust 26, 2005(2005-08-26) (aged 78)
New York City, U.S.
Occupation(s)Interior design
Denning & Fourcade, Inc.
Partners

Robert Denning (March 13, 1927 – August 26, 2005) was an American interior designer whose lush interpretations of French Victorian decor became an emblem of corporate raider tastes in the 1980s.[1]

Early life

[edit]

Denning was born Robert Dennis Besser in New York City, New York, to Jean (née Rosen) and Jacob Besser. Denning, as he was often called, developed an early interest in his body and health, a characteristic instilled in him by his mother. He was just fifteen when he met Edgar de Evia[2] who was the research assistant to Dr. Guy Beckley Stearns and would go on to become a noted photographer. He became a testing subject for this homeopathic medical research and when his parents and younger brother moved to Florida, he stayed in New York City living with de Evia and his mother Miirrha Alhambra. He would often say that he saw his first lampshade in this home, as he grew up with a bare bulb being adequate.[3] His first effort with decorating was perhaps in imitation of Syrie Maugham when he and Edgar painted everything in Miirrha's room white and put her bed on a dais. Her only response was: "Did you have to paint even my Baccarat perfume bottles?" He never used white again.[3]

He was one of several design leaders raised in the Jewish community in the Bronx, along with Calvin Klein and Ralph Lauren.[4][5]

Denning & Fourcade

[edit]
Robert Denning in photograph taken by Edgar de Evia in the 1950s.

From 1960 the firm of Denning & Fourcade would become known for colorful extravagance and over the top opulence. Clients beginning with Michel David-Weill;[6][7] the Ogden Phipps family,[7] for whom they did fifteen houses;[6] Henry Kravis,[8] whose home, and their decorating, was parodied in the 1990 movie "The Bonfire of the Vanities"[9] with Tom Hanks;[7] Charles and Jayne Wrightsman;[8] Henry Kissinger;[8] Diana Ross;[7] Oscar de la Renta[3] both in Manhattan[10] and Connecticut;[11] Beatriz and Antenor Patiño, the Bolivian tin magnate[7] and Jean Vanderbilt,[3] to name only a few, began to roll in. Soon they were established and known for creating an established and 'old money' atmosphere anywhere. For thirty years they were courted on both sides of the Atlantic.[12] Denning kept the fragrance Sous Le Vent in his automobiles to remind him of Lillian Bostwick Phipps who always wore the scent. Longtime clients such as Spencer Hays,[13] the Richard Merillats for whom he has designed homes in Naples, Florida[14] and Michigan, the Countess Rattazzi, for whom he did homes in Manhattan, South America and Italy (15 houses in all)[15] looked forward to shopping sprees with him be it in the wholesale import markets in New York City or the Paris flea market. Denning's five story townhouse for Phyllis Cerf Wagner is described as: "... cozy and grand at the same time, but not elaborately fussy."[16]

Eugenia Sheppard of the New York Herald Tribune dubbed their work "Le Style Rothschild." It reeked de l'argent. "Outrageous luxury is what our clients want," Denning & Fourcade said. This was the 1980s, the era of instant wealth. They visually defined it, giving crisp money the appearance of provenance and what Denning called "a casual English attitude about grandeur."[3]

Often perceived as "...the Odd Couple. Boyish, down-to-earth Denning is the hardest worker, while Fourcade sniffs the client air to gauge if it's socially registered before he goes beyond the fringe."[3][17] Jewelry designer Kenneth Jay Lane developed a passion for art pieces from the Middle East which the firm was in the vanguard of introducing and has also used some of their lighting treatments.[18] Denning designed Jason Epstein's SoHo home[19] from scratch in the shell of the building that housed the first consolidated New York police department.[15] This was an entirely new effort for the designer who is known by many to specialize in a period "we'd call early-fringed-lampshade, but chic".[20]

They would also amass a large collection of artwork and bronzes. They would commission original works of art and collect many of the same artists that they would recommend to their clients.[21]

East 73d Street

Fourcade and Denning shared a red brick mansion on East 73d Street in Manhattan and a house they built in Bridgehampton, Long Island; both houses were the subjects of articles in decorating magazines around the world.

After Fourcade

[edit]
Robert Denning and Edgar de Evia in Robert Denning's apartment at the Lombardy Hotel, 2002.

Denning 'reinvented' himself to use his own word, after Vincent Fourcade's death from AIDS in 1992. Taking a lighter approach with more emphasis on effect and comfort than signed pieces of furniture, he used to laugh at how he would coach his early clients with decorating their children and grandchildren's homes.[22] He was listed in the AD100, top hundred decorators by Architectural Digest for a number of years and once said: "I'll accept commissions from anyone who isn't frightened by my proposals."[23] Also listed in New York The Top 100 Architects & Decorators and The New York Times Magazine in an article "Who Made It" he was listed as one of 15 interior designers who had become "celebrities in their own right".:[24]

Technology permitting, Robert Denning would happily return to the nineteenth century. Since he can't, he devotes himself to re-creating – with international mixes of opulent furniture – the sumptuous interiors of his favorite era, using damask, silks, and taffetas.[25]

His jobs have appeared not only in AD's pages, but those of every major magazine with home interiors. He always participated in charity benefits such as the auction to benefit Friends In Deed, a counseling organization for people with AIDS and cancer[26] to decorating the main foyer of the von Stade mansion to benefit Southampton's Rogers Memorial Library.[27] He was one of the decorators that contributed to the restoration of the 1932, 50 room mansion, of William Goadby Loew for the Smithers Alcoholism Treatment and Training Center on Manhattan's upper East side.[28] "A sense of humor overlaying a deep commitment to style and a consuming passion for detail characterize all of Denning's work."[29]

During the last decade of his life he tired of Paris, giving up his home that he had shared with Vincent in the 17th arrondissement. He was content in the familiar surroundings of his home and offices in the Lombardy Hotel in New York City, where both the lobby [3] and restaurant were of his design.

He died in his apartment in New York City in 2005. His personal estate was featured in an auction at Doyle New York on May 17, 2006.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Life In Legacy – Week of August 26, 2005 retrieved June 29, 2006
  2. ^ AD Designers Architectural Digest's January 2002 Special Collector's Edition Announces The New "AD 100" Top Interior Designers and Architects reproduced on their webpage AD 100
  3. ^ a b c d e f g "The Sweet Smell of Excess" by Patricia Volk, October 8, 2006, The New York Times online retrieved October 4, 2007
  4. ^ "Calvin j". Citylife.com. Archived from the original on September 1, 2009. Retrieved January 28, 2010.
  5. ^ http://www.fashiondesign.org/calvin-klein.php
  6. ^ a b "Past Perfect in Paris–A Richly Detailed Apartment for a New York Designer" by Annette Tapert, Architectural Digest, October 1995, v. 52 #10, pp. 168–173
  7. ^ a b c d e "Vincent Fourcade, 58, Decorator Known for His Ornate Interiors" by Carol Vogel, December 25, 1992, The New York Times online retrieved October 17, 2007obituary
  8. ^ a b c The Best Revenge (Isn't It Always) by Dan Shaw, October 15, 2006, The New York Times online retrieved December 30, 2008
  9. ^ in:sensedesign Archived 2009-04-27 at the Wayback Machine
  10. ^ "In the de la Renta Fashion" by John Richardson, House & Garden, December 1985
  11. ^ House & Garden July 1986
  12. ^ "Robert Denning Dies at 78; Champion of Lavish Décor", by Mitchell Owens, September 4, 2005, The New York Times obituary
  13. ^ "Manhattan Grand Luxe – Richly Appointed Rooms For Collectors", by Aileen Mehle, Architectural Digest, September 1994, v. 51 #9, pp. 126–176
  14. ^ "Florida Renaissance – Italianate Splendors Enrich A Villa in Naples", by Suzanne Stephens, Architectural Digest, October 2000, v. 57 #10, pp. 284–298
  15. ^ a b "Editorial Statement – Brushing Up Jason Epstein's Downtown Loft", by Judith Thurman, Architectural Digest, March 1995, v. 52 #3, pp. 186–200
  16. ^ "Wendy's Warren" by Max Abelson, The New York Observer February 12, 2007 online retrieved September 27, 2007
  17. ^ "Inside the Decorating Establishment – The Ant and the Grasshopper" by Rosemary Kent, New York, April 28, 1975
  18. ^ Home Design 2002: Jewels in the Town by Bob Morris, April 8, 2002, New York online retrieved June 29, 2006
  19. ^ "A Vision for Books That Exults in Happenstance" by Dinitia Smith January 13, 2001, The New York Times online retrieved August 9, 2009
  20. ^ "Scull-Duggery: The Split Goes Public" by Joan Kron, New York, January 20, 1975, p. 52
  21. ^ Collections including the artist Andrew Zega, retrieved June 29, 2006
  22. ^ "Flying Solo-Robert Denning talks about the grandeur he has known-the rooms and the clients", W At Home
  23. ^ The AD 100 Architectural Digest January 2000, v. 57 #1, p. 48
  24. ^ The New York Times Magazine, October 15, 1989
  25. ^ The Top 100 Architects & Decorators October 14, 2002, New York online retrieved June 29, 2006
  26. ^ Buttons, bows and Damask: Designer Chairs at Auction by Elaine Louie, December 12, 1996, The New York Times online retrieved June 29, 2006
  27. ^ Southampton Show House to Open Doors by Suzanne Slesin, June 30, 1983, The New York Times online retrieved June 29, 2006
  28. ^ "A Renewal For a Place Of Renewal" by Elaine Louie February 3, 1994, The New York Times online retrieved August 9, 2009
  29. ^ "The More the Merrier – Robert Denning's Extravagance of Color and Pattern", by Cynthia Zarin, Architectural Digest, April 2002, v. 59 #4, pp. 146–152
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