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== Criteria ==
== Criteria ==

[[File:Albanian_president.jpg|thumb|right|The {{lang|sq|[[Presidential Office Building, Tirana|Presidenca]]|i=yes}} on the [[Dëshmorët e Kombit Boulevard]] in [[Tirana]] functions as the official workplace of the [[president of Albania]].]]


The election of the president of Albania is regulated by the constitution of Albania, particularly articulated in the fourth part, comprising articles 86 to 94.{{sfn|OSCE|1998|pp=17–18}} In order to be eligible for candidacy, individuals must fulfill several criteria as delineated in the constitution: they must be Albanian citizens by birth, have resided in Albania for no less than the past 10 years, be at least 40 years of age, and possess the [[Suffrage|right to vote]].{{sfn|OSCE|1998|p=17|loc=article 86}} Furthermore, the constitution mandates that the president shall not occupy any other public office, be affiliated with any [[Non-partisan democracy|political party]], or engage in private business activities.{{sfn|OSCE|1998|p=18|loc=article 89}} The electoral process commences with the [[parliament of Albania]], which is responsible for scheduling elections at least 30 days prior to the expiration of the incumbent term of the president.{{sfn|OSCE|1998|p=17|loc=article 87}} Candidates are nominated through a formal process in which a group of at least 20 members of the total 140 members of the parliament may propose an individual for the presidency.{{sfn|OSCE|1998|p=17|loc=article 87}}
The election of the president of Albania is regulated by the constitution of Albania, particularly articulated in the fourth part, comprising articles 86 to 94.{{sfn|OSCE|1998|pp=17–18}} In order to be eligible for candidacy, individuals must fulfill several criteria as delineated in the constitution: they must be Albanian citizens by birth, have resided in Albania for no less than the past 10 years, be at least 40 years of age, and possess the [[Suffrage|right to vote]].{{sfn|OSCE|1998|p=17|loc=article 86}} Furthermore, the constitution mandates that the president shall not occupy any other public office, be affiliated with any [[Non-partisan democracy|political party]], or engage in private business activities.{{sfn|OSCE|1998|p=18|loc=article 89}} The electoral process commences with the [[parliament of Albania]], which is responsible for scheduling elections at least 30 days prior to the expiration of the incumbent term of the president.{{sfn|OSCE|1998|p=17|loc=article 87}} Candidates are nominated through a formal process in which a group of at least 20 members of the total 140 members of the parliament may propose an individual for the presidency.{{sfn|OSCE|1998|p=17|loc=article 87}}
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On 10 May 2022, the parliament initiated the official proceedings for the selection of the president, with its speaker convening the chairs of parliamentary parties to define a timeline for the first round of presidential voting.<ref name="Dosja">{{cite web |work=Dosja |title=Presidenti/ Më 16 maj raundi i parë, 5 ditë për kandidaturat. Pd: E keni zgjedhur emrin |url=https://dosja.al/zgjedhja-e-presidentit-te-ri-mblidhet-sot-konferenca-e-kryetareve |access-date=11 October 2024 |archive-url=https://archive.ph/l8WFK |archive-date=12 October 2024 |language=sq |date=10 May 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref> Subsequently, [[Taulant Balla]] of the Socialist Party (PS) engaged in discussions with party leaders to achieve consensus on the electoral process.<ref>{{cite web |publisher=Exit |title=Lack of Candidates Thwarts Vote on President in Albanian Parliament |url=https://exit.al/en/albanian-parliament-fails-to-hold-first-round-of-presidential-elections/ |access-date=11 October 2024 |archive-url=https://archive.ph/1IVjR |archive-date=12 October 2024 |date=16 May 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref> Despite these negotiations between the governing PS and the opposition, led by the Democratic Party (PD), significant challenges emerged in reaching an agreement on a suitable candidate.<ref name="Dosja"/> The PD's ongoing internal leadership crisis hindered its ability to propose a contender.<ref>{{cite web |publisher=Exit |title=OSCE Urges Inclusive Process for Selection of Next Albanian President |url=https://exit.al/en/osce-urges-inclusive-process-for-selection-of-next-albanian-president/ |access-date=11 October 2024 |archive-url=https://archive.ph/hFzyC |archive-date=12 October 2024 |date=14 May 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref> Consequently, on May 16, the first round of voting culminated in a failure to elect a successor, as no candidates were presented from the parties.<ref>{{cite web |work=[[Associated Press]] (AP) |title=Albanian parliament fails to elect a president in 1st vote |url=https://apnews.com/article/government-and-politics-albania-presidential-elections-edi-rama-c876e5f68cc4ffe0e668ee9d485ad731 |access-date=11 October 2024 |archive-url=https://archive.ph/wzyMG |archive-date=12 October 2024 |date=16 May 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Kote |first1=Kristo |work=Albanian Daily News |title=Conference of Chairmen Gathers for New President's Election after 1st Round's Fail |url=https://albaniandailynews.com/news/conference-of-chairmen-gathers-for-new-president-s-election-after-1st-round-s-fail |access-date=11 October 2024 |archive-url=https://archive.ph/KqSZ3 |archive-date=12 October 2024 |date=17 May 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref> On 20 May, prior to the second round of presidential voting, a consensus was reached between the parties that designated the PS with the exclusive authority to propose candidates for the second and third rounds of voting, contingent upon a free vote by the deputies.<ref name="Exit 2">{{cite web |publisher=Exit |title=Albanian Parties Reach Deal on First Rounds of Presidential Selection |url=https://exit.al/en/albanian-parties-reach-deal-on-first-rounds-of-presidential-selection/ |access-date=11 October 2024 |archive-url=https://archive.ph/BMRP9 |archive-date=12 October 2024 |date=20 May 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref> Conversely, the PD would assume the responsibility for presenting candidates in the fourth round, should the preceding rounds fail to yield a successful election.<ref name="Exit 2"/><ref name="Shqiptarja">{{cite web |work=Shqiptarja |title=Zgjedhja e presidentit, Ps: Opozita e propozon me firmat e saj kandidatin për President |url=https://shqiptarja.com/lajm/zgjedhja-e-presidentit-ps-ne-raundin-2-e-3-nuk-firmosim-kandidatet-e-opozites |access-date=11 October 2024 |archive-url=https://archive.ph/hmQug |archive-date=12 October 2024 |language=sq |date=20 May 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref> Nonetheless, both the second round on 23 May and the third round on 30 May failed to yield a candidate due to a lack of proposals.<ref>{{cite web |last=Cuka |first=Fatjon |publisher=[[Anadolu Agency]] (AA) |title=Raundi i dytë për zgjedhjen e presidentit të Shqipërisë do të mbahet më 23 maj |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/sq/ballkani/raundi-i-dyt%C3%AB-p%C3%ABr-zgjedhjen-e-presidentit-t%C3%AB-shqip%C3%ABris%C3%AB-do-t%C3%AB-mbahet-m%C3%AB-23-maj/2590429 |access-date=11 October 2024 |archive-url=https://archive.ph/4dGJ8 |archive-date=12 October 2024 |location=Tirana |language=sq |date=17 May 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |work=Dosja |title=Presidenti/ Dështon raundi i 2! Ligjet dërgojnë në Kuvend raportin pa kandidatë |url=https://dosja.al/politike/presidenti-deshton-raundi-i-2-ligjet-dergojne-ne-kuvend-raportin-pa-kan-i216293 |access-date=11 October 2024 |archive-url=https://archive.ph/lcZZA |archive-date=12 October 2024 |language=sq |date=23 May 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |publisher=[[A2 CNN]] |title=Presidenti, digjet pa kandidat raundi i tretë, e zgjedh Ps në votimin e katërt |url=https://a2news.com/2022/05/30/presidenti-digjet-pa-kandidat-raundi-i-trete-e-zgjedh-ps-ne-votimin-e-katert/ |access-date=11 October 2024 |archive-url=https://archive.ph/z6ZdE |archive-date=12 October 2024 |language=sq |date=30 May 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref> As discussions persisted, the prime minister [[Edi Rama]] asserted that, in the absence of a consensus, the PS would proceed with their own candidate selection.<ref name="Exit 2"/>
On 10 May 2022, the parliament initiated the official proceedings for the selection of the president, with its speaker convening the chairs of parliamentary parties to define a timeline for the first round of presidential voting.<ref name="Dosja">{{cite web |work=Dosja |title=Presidenti/ Më 16 maj raundi i parë, 5 ditë për kandidaturat. Pd: E keni zgjedhur emrin |url=https://dosja.al/zgjedhja-e-presidentit-te-ri-mblidhet-sot-konferenca-e-kryetareve |access-date=11 October 2024 |archive-url=https://archive.ph/l8WFK |archive-date=12 October 2024 |language=sq |date=10 May 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref> Subsequently, [[Taulant Balla]] of the Socialist Party (PS) engaged in discussions with party leaders to achieve consensus on the electoral process.<ref>{{cite web |publisher=Exit |title=Lack of Candidates Thwarts Vote on President in Albanian Parliament |url=https://exit.al/en/albanian-parliament-fails-to-hold-first-round-of-presidential-elections/ |access-date=11 October 2024 |archive-url=https://archive.ph/1IVjR |archive-date=12 October 2024 |date=16 May 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref> Despite these negotiations between the governing PS and the opposition, led by the Democratic Party (PD), significant challenges emerged in reaching an agreement on a suitable candidate.<ref name="Dosja"/> The PD's ongoing internal leadership crisis hindered its ability to propose a contender.<ref>{{cite web |publisher=Exit |title=OSCE Urges Inclusive Process for Selection of Next Albanian President |url=https://exit.al/en/osce-urges-inclusive-process-for-selection-of-next-albanian-president/ |access-date=11 October 2024 |archive-url=https://archive.ph/hFzyC |archive-date=12 October 2024 |date=14 May 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref> Consequently, on May 16, the first round of voting culminated in a failure to elect a successor, as no candidates were presented from the parties.<ref>{{cite web |work=[[Associated Press]] (AP) |title=Albanian parliament fails to elect a president in 1st vote |url=https://apnews.com/article/government-and-politics-albania-presidential-elections-edi-rama-c876e5f68cc4ffe0e668ee9d485ad731 |access-date=11 October 2024 |archive-url=https://archive.ph/wzyMG |archive-date=12 October 2024 |date=16 May 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Kote |first1=Kristo |work=Albanian Daily News |title=Conference of Chairmen Gathers for New President's Election after 1st Round's Fail |url=https://albaniandailynews.com/news/conference-of-chairmen-gathers-for-new-president-s-election-after-1st-round-s-fail |access-date=11 October 2024 |archive-url=https://archive.ph/KqSZ3 |archive-date=12 October 2024 |date=17 May 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref> On 20 May, prior to the second round of presidential voting, a consensus was reached between the parties that designated the PS with the exclusive authority to propose candidates for the second and third rounds of voting, contingent upon a free vote by the deputies.<ref name="Exit 2">{{cite web |publisher=Exit |title=Albanian Parties Reach Deal on First Rounds of Presidential Selection |url=https://exit.al/en/albanian-parties-reach-deal-on-first-rounds-of-presidential-selection/ |access-date=11 October 2024 |archive-url=https://archive.ph/BMRP9 |archive-date=12 October 2024 |date=20 May 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref> Conversely, the PD would assume the responsibility for presenting candidates in the fourth round, should the preceding rounds fail to yield a successful election.<ref name="Exit 2"/><ref name="Shqiptarja">{{cite web |work=Shqiptarja |title=Zgjedhja e presidentit, Ps: Opozita e propozon me firmat e saj kandidatin për President |url=https://shqiptarja.com/lajm/zgjedhja-e-presidentit-ps-ne-raundin-2-e-3-nuk-firmosim-kandidatet-e-opozites |access-date=11 October 2024 |archive-url=https://archive.ph/hmQug |archive-date=12 October 2024 |language=sq |date=20 May 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref> Nonetheless, both the second round on 23 May and the third round on 30 May failed to yield a candidate due to a lack of proposals.<ref>{{cite web |last=Cuka |first=Fatjon |publisher=[[Anadolu Agency]] (AA) |title=Raundi i dytë për zgjedhjen e presidentit të Shqipërisë do të mbahet më 23 maj |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/sq/ballkani/raundi-i-dyt%C3%AB-p%C3%ABr-zgjedhjen-e-presidentit-t%C3%AB-shqip%C3%ABris%C3%AB-do-t%C3%AB-mbahet-m%C3%AB-23-maj/2590429 |access-date=11 October 2024 |archive-url=https://archive.ph/4dGJ8 |archive-date=12 October 2024 |location=Tirana |language=sq |date=17 May 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |work=Dosja |title=Presidenti/ Dështon raundi i 2! Ligjet dërgojnë në Kuvend raportin pa kandidatë |url=https://dosja.al/politike/presidenti-deshton-raundi-i-2-ligjet-dergojne-ne-kuvend-raportin-pa-kan-i216293 |access-date=11 October 2024 |archive-url=https://archive.ph/lcZZA |archive-date=12 October 2024 |language=sq |date=23 May 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |publisher=[[A2 CNN]] |title=Presidenti, digjet pa kandidat raundi i tretë, e zgjedh Ps në votimin e katërt |url=https://a2news.com/2022/05/30/presidenti-digjet-pa-kandidat-raundi-i-trete-e-zgjedh-ps-ne-votimin-e-katert/ |access-date=11 October 2024 |archive-url=https://archive.ph/z6ZdE |archive-date=12 October 2024 |language=sq |date=30 May 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref> As discussions persisted, the prime minister [[Edi Rama]] asserted that, in the absence of a consensus, the PS would proceed with their own candidate selection.<ref name="Exit 2"/>


On 31 May, the parliament convened to schedule the fourth round of presidential voting for 4 June, adjacent to the unsuccessful completion of the previous three rounds on 16, 23 and 30 May, which concluded without the presentation of official candidates.<ref>{{cite web |last=Cuka |first=Fatjon |publisher=Anadolu Agency (AA) |title=Raundi i katërt për zgjedhjen e presidentit të Shqipërisë do të mbahet më 4 qershor |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/sq/politik%C3%AB/raundi-i-kat%C3%ABrt-p%C3%ABr-zgjedhjen-e-presidentit-t%C3%AB-shqip%C3%ABris%C3%AB-do-t%C3%AB-mbahet-m%C3%AB-4-qershor/2602318 |access-date=11 October 2024 |archive-url=https://archive.ph/pnD2m |archive-date=12 October 2024 |language=sq |date=31 May 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref> On 3 June, one day prior to the scheduled voting, the PS announced the nomination of [[Bajram Begaj]], who had resigned as [[Chief of the General Staff (Albania)|Chief of the General Staff]] of the [[Albanian Armed Forces|Armed Forces of Albania]] before the parliamentary session, as its candidate for the presidency.<ref>{{cite web |last=Cuka |first=Fatjon |publisher=Anadolu Agency (AA) |title=Bajram Begaj propozohet si kandidat për postin e Presidentit të Shqipërisë |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/sq/ballkani/bajram-begaj-propozohet-si-kandidat-p%C3%ABr-postin-e-presidentit-t%C3%AB-shqip%C3%ABris%C3%AB/2605215 |access-date=11 October 2024 |archive-url=https://archive.ph/fGXRL |archive-date=12 October 2024 |language=sq |date=3 June 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref> In a statement issued after a leadership meeting, Rama confirmed the party's endorsement of Begaj, underscoring the necessity for decisive leadership at this critical juncture.<ref>{{cite web |last=Ruci |first=Ani |publisher=[[Deutsche Welle]] (DW) |title=Shqipëri: PS propozon një gjeneral për President |url=https://www.dw.com/sq/shqip%C3%ABri-ps-propozon-nj%C3%AB-gjeneral-p%C3%ABr-president/a-62031249 |access-date=11 October 2024 |archive-url=https://archive.ph/iOWTQ |archive-date=12 October 2024 |language=sq |date=3 June 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref> Ultimately, Begaj was elected as the successive president, receiving 78 votes in favor, which surpassed the requisite 71 votes.<ref name="Öztürk">{{cite web |last=Öztürk |first=Mustafa Talha |publisher=Anadolu Agency (AA) |title=Albanian parliament elects Bajram Begaj new president |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/europe/albanian-parliament-elects-bajram-begaj-new-president/2605897 |access-date=11 October 2024 |archive-url=https://archive.ph/88gJf |archive-date=12 October 2024 |location=Belgrade |date=5 June 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref> Meanwhile, four votes were cast against him, and one member abstained, resulting in a total of 83 voters present in the parliament.<ref name="Öztürk"/> Notably, the governing opposition, the PD, did not participated in the process.<ref>{{cite web |publisher=Deutsche Welle (DW) |title=Vom Armeechef zum Staatschef Albaniens |url=https://www.dw.com/de/vom-armeechef-zum-staatschef-albaniens/a-62035375 |access-date=11 October 2024 |archive-url=https://archive.ph/BTAaG |archive-date=12 October 2024 |language=de |date=4 June 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref> On 24 July, Begaj took the presidential oath of office and commenced his presidency.<ref name="Bajram Begaj">{{cite web |publisher=Presidenca |title=Fjala e Presidentit të Republikës, Sh. T. Z. Bajram Begaj gjatë ceremonisë së betimit në Kuvendin e Shqipërisë |url=https://president.al/fjala-e-presidentit-te-republikes-sh-t-z-bajram-begaj-gjate-ceremonise-se-betimit-ne-kuvendin-e-shqiperise/ |access-date=25 October 2023 |archive-url=https://archive.ph/DXlNZ |archive-date=25 October 2023 |language=sq |date=24 July 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref> Emphasising his duty as a servant to the Albanian people, he advocated for national unity and enhanced the Euro-Atlantic path for all Albanians in the Balkans.<ref name="Tirana Times">{{cite web |work=[[Tirana Times]] |title=President Bajram Begaj takes office |url=https://ftp.aiis-albania.org/?p=152583 |access-date=11 October 2024 |archive-url=https://archive.ph/vhJ3D |archive-date=11 October 2024 |date=25 July 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref> He further articulated a vision centered on fostering cooperation among political forces, civil society, and minority communities, recognising the importance of collaboration in addressing the socio-economic challenges facing Albania.<ref name="Tirana Times"/><ref>{{cite web |last=Semini |first=Llazar |work=[[Associated Press]] (AP) |title=Albania's newly sworn-in president urges political unity |url=https://apnews.com/article/albania-government-and-politics-be946643a4d4483b2584e099e1e09c29 |access-date=11 October 2024 |archive-url=https://archive.ph/X23u4 |archive-date=11 October 2024 |date=24 July 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref>
On 31 May, the parliament convened to schedule the fourth round of presidential voting for 4 June, adjacent to the unsuccessful completion of the previous three rounds on 16, 23 and 30 May, which concluded without the presentation of official candidates.<ref>{{cite web |last=Cuka |first=Fatjon |publisher=Anadolu Agency (AA) |title=Raundi i katërt për zgjedhjen e presidentit të Shqipërisë do të mbahet më 4 qershor |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/sq/politik%C3%AB/raundi-i-kat%C3%ABrt-p%C3%ABr-zgjedhjen-e-presidentit-t%C3%AB-shqip%C3%ABris%C3%AB-do-t%C3%AB-mbahet-m%C3%AB-4-qershor/2602318 |access-date=11 October 2024 |archive-url=https://archive.ph/pnD2m |archive-date=12 October 2024 |language=sq |date=31 May 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref> On 3 June, one day prior to the scheduled voting, the PS announced the nomination of [[Bajram Begaj]], who had resigned as [[Chief of the General Staff (Albania)|Chief of the General Staff]] of the [[Albanian Armed Forces|Armed Forces of Albania]] before the parliamentary session, as its candidate for the presidency.<ref>{{cite web |last=Cuka |first=Fatjon |publisher=Anadolu Agency (AA) |title=Bajram Begaj propozohet si kandidat për postin e Presidentit të Shqipërisë |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/sq/ballkani/bajram-begaj-propozohet-si-kandidat-p%C3%ABr-postin-e-presidentit-t%C3%AB-shqip%C3%ABris%C3%AB/2605215 |access-date=11 October 2024 |archive-url=https://archive.ph/fGXRL |archive-date=12 October 2024 |language=sq |date=3 June 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref> In a statement issued after a leadership meeting, Rama confirmed the party's endorsement of Begaj, underscoring the necessity for decisive leadership at this critical juncture.<ref>{{cite web |last=Ruci |first=Ani |publisher=[[Deutsche Welle]] (DW) |title=Shqipëri: PS propozon një gjeneral për President |url=https://www.dw.com/sq/shqip%C3%ABri-ps-propozon-nj%C3%AB-gjeneral-p%C3%ABr-president/a-62031249 |access-date=11 October 2024 |archive-url=https://archive.ph/iOWTQ |archive-date=12 October 2024 |language=sq |date=3 June 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref> Ultimately, Begaj was elected as the successive president, receiving 78 votes in favor, which surpassed the requisite 71 votes.<ref name="Öztürk">{{cite web |last=Öztürk |first=Mustafa Talha |publisher=Anadolu Agency (AA) |title=Albanian parliament elects Bajram Begaj new president |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/europe/albanian-parliament-elects-bajram-begaj-new-president/2605897 |access-date=11 October 2024 |archive-url=https://archive.ph/88gJf |archive-date=12 October 2024 |location=Belgrade |date=5 June 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref> Meanwhile, four votes were cast against him, and one member abstained, resulting in a total of 83 voters present in the parliament.<ref name="Öztürk"/> Notably, the governing opposition, the PD, did not participated in the process.<ref>{{cite web |publisher=Deutsche Welle (DW) |title=Vom Armeechef zum Staatschef Albaniens |url=https://www.dw.com/de/vom-armeechef-zum-staatschef-albaniens/a-62035375 |access-date=11 October 2024 |archive-url=https://archive.ph/BTAaG |archive-date=12 October 2024 |language=de |date=4 June 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref>


{{2022 Albanian presidential election}}
{{2022 Albanian presidential election}}


== International reactions ==
== Aftermath ==

[[File:Albanian_president.jpg|thumb|right|The {{lang|sq|[[Presidential Office Building, Tirana|Presidenca]]|i=no}} on the [[Dëshmorët e Kombit Boulevard]] in [[Tirana]] functions as the official workplace of the [[president of Albania]].]]

On 24 July, Bajram Begaj was inaugurated as president of Albania, commencing his five-year term in office.<ref name="Bajram Begaj">{{cite web |publisher=Presidenca |title=Fjala e Presidentit të Republikës, Sh. T. Z. Bajram Begaj gjatë ceremonisë së betimit në Kuvendin e Shqipërisë |url=https://president.al/fjala-e-presidentit-te-republikes-sh-t-z-bajram-begaj-gjate-ceremonise-se-betimit-ne-kuvendin-e-shqiperise/ |access-date=25 October 2023 |archive-url=https://archive.ph/DXlNZ |archive-date=25 October 2023 |language=sq |date=24 July 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref> The inauguration occurred in the parliament of Albania, where Begaj took the oath of office, affirming his commitment to uphold the constitution of nation.<ref name="Betimi">{{cite web |work=Shqiptarja |title=Betohet Presidenti Bajram Begaj, merr detyrën: Interesi i vendit udhërrëfyesi im i vetëm, duhet unitet! Siguria kombëtare, një prioritet gjatë mandatit tim |url=https://shqiptarja.com/lajm/sot-epoke-e-re-ne-zyren-e-kreut-te-shtetit-merr-detyren-bajram-begaj-axhenda-e-betimit-dhe-inaugurimit-ne-presidence-ne-kuvend-mungon-vetem-rithemelimi |access-date=12 October 2024 |archive-url=https://archive.ph/rupIO |archive-date=12 October 2024 |language=sq |date=24 July 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref> In his inaugural address, Begaj delineated his principal priorities, emphasising the importance of unity, security, the strategic path toward [[European Union]] (EU) integration, and Albania's role within the international community. The presidential family then proceeded to the {{lang|sq|[[Presidential Office Building, Tirana|Presidenca]]|i=no}} on the [[Dëshmorët e Kombit Boulevard]] for the formal transfer of duties from his predecessor, Ilir Meta.<ref name="Betimi"/> This ceremony was attended by approximately 400 distinguished guests, encompassing prominent figures from the political, academic, media, and religious sectors. During his final moments, Meta engaged in a ceremonial handshake with Begaj, after which Vitore Tusha, the chair of the constitutional court, presented the foundational law of the nation to the newly inaugurated president.<ref name="Betimi"/>

Begaj reaffirmed his commitment to the constitution and legal framework of Albania, pledging to uphold the rights and freedoms of citizens, protect the sovereignty of the nation, and promote the prosperity of the Albanian people.<ref name="Tirana Times">{{cite web |work=[[Tirana Times]] |title=President Bajram Begaj takes office |url=https://ftp.aiis-albania.org/?p=152583 |access-date=11 October 2024 |archive-url=https://archive.ph/vhJ3D |archive-date=11 October 2024 |date=25 July 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Semini |first=Llazar |work=[[Associated Press]] (AP) |title=Albania's newly sworn-in president urges political unity |url=https://apnews.com/article/albania-government-and-politics-be946643a4d4483b2584e099e1e09c29 |access-date=11 October 2024 |archive-url=https://archive.ph/X23u4 |archive-date=11 October 2024 |date=24 July 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref> He articulated his intention to be a servant of the people and to support the Euro-Atlantic aspirations of all Albanians, including those in Kosovo, North Macedonia, Montenegro, the Presevo Valley, and other Albanian-speaking territories.<ref name="Tirana Times"/>

=== International reactions ===


The inauguration of Begaj as the president of Albania generated several responses from international dignitaries.
The inauguration of Begaj as the president of Albania generated several responses from international dignitaries.
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*{{Flag|China}}{{spaced ndash}}[[President of China|President]] [[Xi Jinping]] extended his congratulations, acknowledging the enduring friendship and bilateral relations between the two nations.<ref>{{cite web |publisher=[[Cooperation between China and Central and Eastern European Countries]] (CEEC) |title=Xi extends congratulations to new Albanian president |url=http://www.china-ceec.org/eng/zyxw_4/202208/t20220801_10731423.htm |access-date=11 October 2024 |archive-url=https://archive.ph/uvnij |archive-date=11 October 2024 |date=25 July 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref>
*{{Flag|China}}{{spaced ndash}}[[President of China|President]] [[Xi Jinping]] extended his congratulations, acknowledging the enduring friendship and bilateral relations between the two nations.<ref>{{cite web |publisher=[[Cooperation between China and Central and Eastern European Countries]] (CEEC) |title=Xi extends congratulations to new Albanian president |url=http://www.china-ceec.org/eng/zyxw_4/202208/t20220801_10731423.htm |access-date=11 October 2024 |archive-url=https://archive.ph/uvnij |archive-date=11 October 2024 |date=25 July 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref>
*{{Flag|European Union}}{{spaced ndash}}[[President of the European Council]] [[Charles Michel]] and [[Vice-President of the European Commission]] [[Josep Borrell]] both congratulated Begaj, underlining the commitment of Albania and its integration into European structures.<ref>{{cite web |publisher=Euronews Albania |title='Let's build a common future together', Charles Michel wishes Bajram Begaj on taking office |url=https://euronews.al/en/lets-build-a-common-future-together-charles-michel-wishes-bajram-begaj-on-taking-office/ |access-date=11 October 2024 |archive-url=https://archive.ph/q5ru3 |archive-date=11 October 2024 |date=24 July 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |work=Koha |title=Borrell: Begaj's mandate is starting at a historic moment for Albania |url=https://www.koha.net/en/arberi/borrell-mandati-i-begajt-po-nis-ne-nje-moment-historik-per-shqiperine |access-date=11 October 2024 |archive-url=https://archive.ph/X1oZg |archive-date=11 October 2024 |date=24 July 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref>
*{{Flag|European Union}}{{spaced ndash}}[[President of the European Council]] [[Charles Michel]] and [[Vice-President of the European Commission]] [[Josep Borrell]] both congratulated Begaj, underlining the commitment of Albania and its integration into European structures.<ref>{{cite web |publisher=Euronews Albania |title='Let's build a common future together', Charles Michel wishes Bajram Begaj on taking office |url=https://euronews.al/en/lets-build-a-common-future-together-charles-michel-wishes-bajram-begaj-on-taking-office/ |access-date=11 October 2024 |archive-url=https://archive.ph/q5ru3 |archive-date=11 October 2024 |date=24 July 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |work=Koha |title=Borrell: Begaj's mandate is starting at a historic moment for Albania |url=https://www.koha.net/en/arberi/borrell-mandati-i-begajt-po-nis-ne-nje-moment-historik-per-shqiperine |access-date=11 October 2024 |archive-url=https://archive.ph/X1oZg |archive-date=11 October 2024 |date=24 July 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref>
*{{Flag|Kosovo}}{{spaced ndash}}[[President of Kosovo|President]] [[Vjosa Osmani]] conveyed her congratulations, highlighting a commitment to strengthening diplomatic ties and advancing [[European Union]] (EU) integration.<ref>{{cite web |publisher=[[ABC News (Albanian TV channel)|ABC News]] |title=Osmani uron Begajn për zgjedhjen president i Shqipërisë |url=https://abcnews.al/osmani-uron-begajn-per-zgjedhjen-president-i-shqiperise/ |access-date=11 October 2024 |archive-url=https://archive.ph/qQSYX |archive-date=11 October 2024 |language=sq |date=4 June 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Prime Minister of Kosovo|Prime Minister]] [[Albin Kurti]] further highlighted the significance of cooperation in addressing mutual challenges and achieving shared objectives.<ref>{{cite web |work=Sinjali |title=Kurti uron presidentin e ri shqiptar Bajram Begaj: Sfidat e kombit lehtësohen sa herë punojmë bashkë |url=https://sinjali.com/kurti-uron-presidentin-e-ri-shqiptar-bajram-begaj-sfidat-e-kombit-lehtesohen-sa-here-punojme-bashke/ |access-date=11 October 2024 |archive-url=https://archive.ph/rTxZE |archive-date=11 October 2024 |language=sq |date=4 June 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref>
*{{Flag|Kosovo}}{{spaced ndash}}[[President of Kosovo|President]] [[Vjosa Osmani]] conveyed her congratulations, highlighting a commitment to strengthening diplomatic ties and advancing EU integration.<ref>{{cite web |publisher=[[ABC News (Albanian TV channel)|ABC News]] |title=Osmani uron Begajn për zgjedhjen president i Shqipërisë |url=https://abcnews.al/osmani-uron-begajn-per-zgjedhjen-president-i-shqiperise/ |access-date=11 October 2024 |archive-url=https://archive.ph/qQSYX |archive-date=11 October 2024 |language=sq |date=4 June 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Prime Minister of Kosovo|Prime Minister]] [[Albin Kurti]] further highlighted the significance of cooperation in addressing mutual challenges and achieving shared objectives.<ref>{{cite web |work=Sinjali |title=Kurti uron presidentin e ri shqiptar Bajram Begaj: Sfidat e kombit lehtësohen sa herë punojmë bashkë |url=https://sinjali.com/kurti-uron-presidentin-e-ri-shqiptar-bajram-begaj-sfidat-e-kombit-lehtesohen-sa-here-punojme-bashke/ |access-date=11 October 2024 |archive-url=https://archive.ph/rTxZE |archive-date=11 October 2024 |language=sq |date=4 June 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref>
*{{Flag|Morocco}}{{spaced ndash}}[[King of Morocco|King]] [[Mohammed VI of Morocco|Mohammed VI]] issued congratulations, reaffirming the commitment to enhance cooperation and contribute to the development in the [[Mediterranean Sea|Mediterranean]].<ref>{{cite web |publisher=[[Ministry of Foreign Affairs, African Cooperation and Moroccan Expatriates|Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Morroco]] |title=Hm the King Congratulates Bajram Begaj on Inauguration as President of the Republic of Albania |url=https://diplomatie.ma/en/hm-king-congratulates-bajram-begaj-inauguration-president-republic-albania |access-date=11 October 2024 |archive-url=https://archive.ph/82lnS |archive-date=11 October 2024 |date=24 July 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref>
*{{Flag|Morocco}}{{spaced ndash}}[[King of Morocco|King]] [[Mohammed VI of Morocco|Mohammed VI]] issued congratulations, reaffirming the commitment to enhance cooperation and contribute to the development in the [[Mediterranean Sea|Mediterranean]].<ref>{{cite web |publisher=[[Ministry of Foreign Affairs, African Cooperation and Moroccan Expatriates|Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Morroco]] |title=Hm the King Congratulates Bajram Begaj on Inauguration as President of the Republic of Albania |url=https://diplomatie.ma/en/hm-king-congratulates-bajram-begaj-inauguration-president-republic-albania |access-date=11 October 2024 |archive-url=https://archive.ph/82lnS |archive-date=11 October 2024 |date=24 July 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref>
*{{Flag|North Macedonia}}{{spaced ndash}}[[President of North Macedonia|President]] [[Stevo Pendarovski]] commended Begaj on his election, anticipating the continued strengthening of diplomatic relations between the nations.<ref>{{cite web |publisher=[[President of North Macedonia|Presidential Office of North Macedonia]] |title=President Pendarovski meets with the Albanian President Begaj |url=https://pretsedatel.stevopendarovski.mk/en/president-pendarovski-meets-with-the-albanian-president-begaj/ |access-date=11 October 2024 |archive-url=https://archive.ph/Dk3Eb#selection-485.64-485.82 |archive-date=11 October 2024 |date=12 September 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref>
*{{Flag|North Macedonia}}{{spaced ndash}}[[President of North Macedonia|President]] [[Stevo Pendarovski]] commended Begaj on his election, anticipating the continued strengthening of diplomatic relations between the nations.<ref>{{cite web |publisher=[[President of North Macedonia|Presidential Office of North Macedonia]] |title=President Pendarovski meets with the Albanian President Begaj |url=https://pretsedatel.stevopendarovski.mk/en/president-pendarovski-meets-with-the-albanian-president-begaj/ |access-date=11 October 2024 |archive-url=https://archive.ph/Dk3Eb#selection-485.64-485.82 |archive-date=11 October 2024 |date=12 September 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref>

Revision as of 16:45, 12 October 2024

2022 Albanian presidential election

← 2017 16 May – 4 June 2022 (2022-05-16 – 2022-06-04) 2027 →

20 of 140 parliament members
84 of 140[1] votes needed to win
 
Candidate Bajram Begaj
Party Independent

President before election

Ilir Meta

Elected President

Bajram Begaj

The 2022 Albanian presidential election was the ninth presidential election to be held in Albania. The first round was held on 16 May 2022, and failed due to all parties failing to agree on a candidate. The second and third rounds held on 23 and 30 May failed for the same reason. Bajram Begaj, 26th Chief of General Staff of the Albanian Armed Forces, was elected president on the fourth round, with 55,7% of votes.

Background

The previous presidential election was held in 2017 during a period of significant political crisis, characterised by the 2017 opposition protests and the subsequent 2019–2021 political crisis. The political landscape was divided among the Democratic Party (PD), the Socialist Movement for Integration (LSI) and the Socialist Party (PS). Ilir Meta, who represented the LSI before his resignation, was elected as the president of Albania on 24 July 2017.[2] Meta's presidency was marked by notable political controversy, most prominently his impeachment by the parliament in June 2021.[3] This decision was later annulled by the constitutional court of Albania, which ruled that the evidence against him did not constitute a grave violation of the constitution.[4]

Criteria

The election of the president of Albania is regulated by the constitution of Albania, particularly articulated in the fourth part, comprising articles 86 to 94.[5] In order to be eligible for candidacy, individuals must fulfill several criteria as delineated in the constitution: they must be Albanian citizens by birth, have resided in Albania for no less than the past 10 years, be at least 40 years of age, and possess the right to vote.[6] Furthermore, the constitution mandates that the president shall not occupy any other public office, be affiliated with any political party, or engage in private business activities.[7] The electoral process commences with the parliament of Albania, which is responsible for scheduling elections at least 30 days prior to the expiration of the incumbent term of the president.[1] Candidates are nominated through a formal process in which a group of at least 20 members of the total 140 members of the parliament may propose an individual for the presidency.[1]

The election of the president is conducted by the parliament through a secret ballot without debate, requiring a candidate to secure a majority of three-fifths of all members of the parliament.[1] If this majority is not achieved in the first ballot, a second ballot is held within seven days, followed by a third ballot if necessary. If no candidate receives the required majority after the third ballot, a fourth ballot occurs within seven days, limited to the two candidates with the highest votes from the previous round.[1] If neither candidate secures the necessary majority in the fourth ballot, a fifth ballot is conducted. If, after the fifth ballot, neither candidate achieves the required majority, the parliament is dissolved, necessitating subsequent parliamentary elections within 60 days.[1] The successive elected parliament is then responsible for electing the president according to the procedures regulated in the constitution. Further, if the parliament fails to elect a president, it correspondingly will be dissolved, requiring another round of general elections within the same period.[1]

Upon election, the president begins their duties after taking an oath before the parliament, affirming their commitment to uphold the constitution and laws of Albania, respect the rights and freedoms of citizens, protect the independence of the nation, and serve the general interest and progress of the Albanians.[8] The term of office for the president is defined at five years, with the possibility of re-election for a maximum of two consecutive terms.[8] In the event that a president resigns before the end of their term, they are prohibited from being a candidate in the subsequent presidential election.[8] When the president is temporarily unable to exercise their functions or if the office becomes vacant, the speaker of the parliament of Albania assumes the responsibilities of the president.[9] If the president is unable to fulfill their duties for more than 60 days, the parliament must decide, by a two-thirds majority, whether to refer the issue to the constitutional court.[9] The court determines the incapacity of the president, and if incapacity is confirmed, the election of a successive president must commence within 10 days of such determination.[9]

Procedure and results

The prime minister of Albania Edi Rama announced Bajram Begaj as the candidate for the presidency on 3 June 2022.

On 10 May 2022, the parliament initiated the official proceedings for the selection of the president, with its speaker convening the chairs of parliamentary parties to define a timeline for the first round of presidential voting.[10] Subsequently, Taulant Balla of the Socialist Party (PS) engaged in discussions with party leaders to achieve consensus on the electoral process.[11] Despite these negotiations between the governing PS and the opposition, led by the Democratic Party (PD), significant challenges emerged in reaching an agreement on a suitable candidate.[10] The PD's ongoing internal leadership crisis hindered its ability to propose a contender.[12] Consequently, on May 16, the first round of voting culminated in a failure to elect a successor, as no candidates were presented from the parties.[13][14] On 20 May, prior to the second round of presidential voting, a consensus was reached between the parties that designated the PS with the exclusive authority to propose candidates for the second and third rounds of voting, contingent upon a free vote by the deputies.[15] Conversely, the PD would assume the responsibility for presenting candidates in the fourth round, should the preceding rounds fail to yield a successful election.[15][16] Nonetheless, both the second round on 23 May and the third round on 30 May failed to yield a candidate due to a lack of proposals.[17][18][19] As discussions persisted, the prime minister Edi Rama asserted that, in the absence of a consensus, the PS would proceed with their own candidate selection.[15]

On 31 May, the parliament convened to schedule the fourth round of presidential voting for 4 June, adjacent to the unsuccessful completion of the previous three rounds on 16, 23 and 30 May, which concluded without the presentation of official candidates.[20] On 3 June, one day prior to the scheduled voting, the PS announced the nomination of Bajram Begaj, who had resigned as Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of Albania before the parliamentary session, as its candidate for the presidency.[21] In a statement issued after a leadership meeting, Rama confirmed the party's endorsement of Begaj, underscoring the necessity for decisive leadership at this critical juncture.[22] Ultimately, Begaj was elected as the successive president, receiving 78 votes in favor, which surpassed the requisite 71 votes.[23] Meanwhile, four votes were cast against him, and one member abstained, resulting in a total of 83 voters present in the parliament.[23] Notably, the governing opposition, the PD, did not participated in the process.[24]

Results of the 2022 Albanian presidential election[25]
Candidate Party[a] First round Second round Third round Fourth round
Votes % Votes % Votes % Votes %
Bajram Begaj Independent No candidates 78 95.12
Against 4 4.88
Required majority 84 votes 71 votes
Valid votes 82 98.8
Abstentions 1 1.2
Total 83 100
Absents 57 40.71
Registered voters 140 59.29

Aftermath

The Presidenca on the Dëshmorët e Kombit Boulevard in Tirana functions as the official workplace of the president of Albania.

On 24 July, Bajram Begaj was inaugurated as president of Albania, commencing his five-year term in office.[27] The inauguration occurred in the parliament of Albania, where Begaj took the oath of office, affirming his commitment to uphold the constitution of nation.[28] In his inaugural address, Begaj delineated his principal priorities, emphasising the importance of unity, security, the strategic path toward European Union (EU) integration, and Albania's role within the international community. The presidential family then proceeded to the Presidenca on the Dëshmorët e Kombit Boulevard for the formal transfer of duties from his predecessor, Ilir Meta.[28] This ceremony was attended by approximately 400 distinguished guests, encompassing prominent figures from the political, academic, media, and religious sectors. During his final moments, Meta engaged in a ceremonial handshake with Begaj, after which Vitore Tusha, the chair of the constitutional court, presented the foundational law of the nation to the newly inaugurated president.[28]

Begaj reaffirmed his commitment to the constitution and legal framework of Albania, pledging to uphold the rights and freedoms of citizens, protect the sovereignty of the nation, and promote the prosperity of the Albanian people.[29][30] He articulated his intention to be a servant of the people and to support the Euro-Atlantic aspirations of all Albanians, including those in Kosovo, North Macedonia, Montenegro, the Presevo Valley, and other Albanian-speaking territories.[29]

International reactions

The inauguration of Begaj as the president of Albania generated several responses from international dignitaries.

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g OSCE 1998, p. 17, article 87.
  2. ^ "President i Shqipërisë: Ilir Meta" (in Albanian). Presidenca. Archived from the original on 25 October 2023. Retrieved 25 October 2023.
  3. ^ "Parliament votes in favor of impeaching President Ilir Meta". Euronews Albania. 9 June 2021. Archived from the original on 11 October 2024. Retrieved 11 October 2024.
  4. ^ Semini, Llazar (17 February 2022). "Albania court overturns president's impeachment". The Independent. Archived from the original on 11 October 2024. Retrieved 11 October 2024.
  5. ^ OSCE 1998, pp. 17–18.
  6. ^ OSCE 1998, p. 17, article 86.
  7. ^ OSCE 1998, p. 18, article 89.
  8. ^ a b c OSCE 1998, p. 17, article 88.
  9. ^ a b c OSCE 1998, p. 18, article 91.
  10. ^ a b "Presidenti/ Më 16 maj raundi i parë, 5 ditë për kandidaturat. Pd: E keni zgjedhur emrin". Dosja (in Albanian). 10 May 2022. Archived from the original on 12 October 2024. Retrieved 11 October 2024.
  11. ^ "Lack of Candidates Thwarts Vote on President in Albanian Parliament". Exit. 16 May 2022. Archived from the original on 12 October 2024. Retrieved 11 October 2024.
  12. ^ "OSCE Urges Inclusive Process for Selection of Next Albanian President". Exit. 14 May 2022. Archived from the original on 12 October 2024. Retrieved 11 October 2024.
  13. ^ "Albanian parliament fails to elect a president in 1st vote". Associated Press (AP). 16 May 2022. Archived from the original on 12 October 2024. Retrieved 11 October 2024.
  14. ^ Kote, Kristo (17 May 2022). "Conference of Chairmen Gathers for New President's Election after 1st Round's Fail". Albanian Daily News. Archived from the original on 12 October 2024. Retrieved 11 October 2024.
  15. ^ a b c "Albanian Parties Reach Deal on First Rounds of Presidential Selection". Exit. 20 May 2022. Archived from the original on 12 October 2024. Retrieved 11 October 2024.
  16. ^ "Zgjedhja e presidentit, Ps: Opozita e propozon me firmat e saj kandidatin për President". Shqiptarja (in Albanian). 20 May 2022. Archived from the original on 12 October 2024. Retrieved 11 October 2024.
  17. ^ Cuka, Fatjon (17 May 2022). "Raundi i dytë për zgjedhjen e presidentit të Shqipërisë do të mbahet më 23 maj" (in Albanian). Tirana: Anadolu Agency (AA). Archived from the original on 12 October 2024. Retrieved 11 October 2024.
  18. ^ "Presidenti/ Dështon raundi i 2! Ligjet dërgojnë në Kuvend raportin pa kandidatë". Dosja (in Albanian). 23 May 2022. Archived from the original on 12 October 2024. Retrieved 11 October 2024.
  19. ^ "Presidenti, digjet pa kandidat raundi i tretë, e zgjedh Ps në votimin e katërt" (in Albanian). A2 CNN. 30 May 2022. Archived from the original on 12 October 2024. Retrieved 11 October 2024.
  20. ^ Cuka, Fatjon (31 May 2022). "Raundi i katërt për zgjedhjen e presidentit të Shqipërisë do të mbahet më 4 qershor" (in Albanian). Anadolu Agency (AA). Archived from the original on 12 October 2024. Retrieved 11 October 2024.
  21. ^ Cuka, Fatjon (3 June 2022). "Bajram Begaj propozohet si kandidat për postin e Presidentit të Shqipërisë" (in Albanian). Anadolu Agency (AA). Archived from the original on 12 October 2024. Retrieved 11 October 2024.
  22. ^ Ruci, Ani (3 June 2022). "Shqipëri: PS propozon një gjeneral për President" (in Albanian). Deutsche Welle (DW). Archived from the original on 12 October 2024. Retrieved 11 October 2024.
  23. ^ a b Öztürk, Mustafa Talha (5 June 2022). "Albanian parliament elects Bajram Begaj new president". Belgrade: Anadolu Agency (AA). Archived from the original on 12 October 2024. Retrieved 11 October 2024.
  24. ^ "Vom Armeechef zum Staatschef Albaniens" (in German). Deutsche Welle (DW). 4 June 2022. Archived from the original on 12 October 2024. Retrieved 11 October 2024.
  25. ^ Semini, Llazar (4 June 2022). "Albania elects top general as the country's new president". Associated Press (AP). Archived from the original on 12 October 2024. Retrieved 12 October 2024.
  26. ^ "Constitution of the Republic of Albania". Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE). 22 November 1998. p. 18. Archived from the original on 7 October 2023. Retrieved 11 October 2024.
  27. ^ "Fjala e Presidentit të Republikës, Sh. T. Z. Bajram Begaj gjatë ceremonisë së betimit në Kuvendin e Shqipërisë" (in Albanian). Presidenca. 24 July 2022. Archived from the original on 25 October 2023. Retrieved 25 October 2023.
  28. ^ a b c "Betohet Presidenti Bajram Begaj, merr detyrën: Interesi i vendit udhërrëfyesi im i vetëm, duhet unitet! Siguria kombëtare, një prioritet gjatë mandatit tim". Shqiptarja (in Albanian). 24 July 2022. Archived from the original on 12 October 2024. Retrieved 12 October 2024.
  29. ^ a b "President Bajram Begaj takes office". Tirana Times. 25 July 2022. Archived from the original on 11 October 2024. Retrieved 11 October 2024.
  30. ^ Semini, Llazar (24 July 2022). "Albania's newly sworn-in president urges political unity". Associated Press (AP). Archived from the original on 11 October 2024. Retrieved 11 October 2024.
  31. ^ "Xi extends congratulations to new Albanian president". Cooperation between China and Central and Eastern European Countries (CEEC). 25 July 2022. Archived from the original on 11 October 2024. Retrieved 11 October 2024.
  32. ^ "'Let's build a common future together', Charles Michel wishes Bajram Begaj on taking office". Euronews Albania. 24 July 2022. Archived from the original on 11 October 2024. Retrieved 11 October 2024.
  33. ^ "Borrell: Begaj's mandate is starting at a historic moment for Albania". Koha. 24 July 2022. Archived from the original on 11 October 2024. Retrieved 11 October 2024.
  34. ^ "Osmani uron Begajn për zgjedhjen president i Shqipërisë" (in Albanian). ABC News. 4 June 2022. Archived from the original on 11 October 2024. Retrieved 11 October 2024.
  35. ^ "Kurti uron presidentin e ri shqiptar Bajram Begaj: Sfidat e kombit lehtësohen sa herë punojmë bashkë". Sinjali (in Albanian). 4 June 2022. Archived from the original on 11 October 2024. Retrieved 11 October 2024.
  36. ^ "Hm the King Congratulates Bajram Begaj on Inauguration as President of the Republic of Albania". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Morroco. 24 July 2022. Archived from the original on 11 October 2024. Retrieved 11 October 2024.
  37. ^ "President Pendarovski meets with the Albanian President Begaj". Presidential Office of North Macedonia. 12 September 2022. Archived from the original on 11 October 2024. Retrieved 11 October 2024.
  38. ^ "Hm The Sultan Congratulates President of Albania". Muscat: Oman News Agency. 25 July 2022. Archived from the original on 11 October 2024. Retrieved 11 October 2024.
  39. ^ "Putin congratulates Begaj, the new president of Albania". ABC News. 11 June 2022. Archived from the original on 11 October 2024. Retrieved 11 October 2024.
  40. ^ "King, Crown Prince congratulate Bajram Begaj on taking Oath as President of Albania". Saudi Gazette. 24 July 2024. Archived from the original on 11 October 2024. Retrieved 11 October 2024.
  41. ^ "Uae leaders congratulate new Albania president Bajram Begaj". Gulf News. 25 July 2022. Archived from the original on 11 October 2024. Retrieved 11 October 2024.

Sources


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