Maurice de Vlaminck: Difference between revisions

Maurice de Vlaminck
Maurice de Vlaminck
	Maurice Vlaminck (right) with André Derain (left), in 1942
Born	4 April 1876; Paris, France
Died	11 October 1958 (aged 82); Rueil-la-Gadelière, France
Known for	Painting
Movement	Fauvism

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Maurice de Vlaminck (French: [vlamɛ̃k]; 4 April 1876 - 11 October 1958) was a French painter. Along with André Derain and Henri Matisse, he is considered one of the principal figures in the Fauve movement, a group of modern artists who from 1904 to 1908 were united in their use of intense colour.^[1] Vlaminck was one of the Fauves at the controversial Salon d'Automne exhibition of 1905.

Life

*The River Seine at Chatou,* 1906, Metropolitan Museum of Art

Maurice de Vlaminck was born on Rue Pierre Lescot in Paris. His father Edmond Julien was Flemish and taught violin and his mother Joséphine Caroline Grillet came from Lorraine and taught piano.^[2] His father taught him to play the violin.^[3] He began painting in his late teens. In 1893, he studied with a painter named Henri Rigalon on the Île de Chatou.^[4] In 1894 he married Suzanne Berly. The turning point in his life was a chance meeting on the train to Paris towards the end of his stint in the army. Vlaminck, then 23 and already active in anarchist circles in Paris,^[5] met an aspiring artist, André Derain, with whom he struck up a lifelong friendship.^[3] When Vlaminck completed his army service in 1900, the two rented a studio together, the Maison Levanneur, which now houses the Cneai,^[6] for a year before Derain left to do his own military service.^[3] In 1902 and 1903 he wrote several mildly pornographic novels illustrated by Derain.^[7] He painted during the day and earned his livelihood by giving violin lessons and performing with musical bands at night.^[3]

Vlaminck participated in the controversial 1905 Salon d'Automne exhibition. After viewing the boldly colored canvases of Vlaminck, Henri Matisse, André Derain, Albert Marquet, Kees van Dongen, Charles Camoin, and Jean Puy, the art critic Louis Vauxcelles disparaged the painters as "fauves" (wild beasts), thus giving their movement the name by which it became known, Fauvism.^[8]

In 1911, Vlaminck traveled to London and painted by the Thames. In 1913, he painted again with Derain in Marseille and Martigues. In World War I he was stationed in Paris, and began writing poetry. Eventually he settled in Rueil-la-Gadelière, a small village south-west of Paris. He married his second wife, Berthe Combes, with whom he had two daughters. From 1925 he traveled throughout France, but continued to paint primarily along the Seine, near Paris. Resentful that Fauvism had been overtaken by Cubism as an art movement Vlaminck blamed Picasso "for dragging French painting into a wretched dead end and state of confusion". During the Second World War, Vlaminck visited Germany and on his return published a tirade against Picasso and Cubism in the periodical Comoedia in June 1942. Vlaminck wrote many autobiographies.^[9]

Vlaminck died in Rueil-la-Gadelière on 11 October 1958.

Artistic career

Two of Vlaminck's groundbreaking paintings, Sur le zinc (At the Bar) and L'homme a la pipe (Man Smoking a Pipe) were painted in 1900.^[3]

For the next few years Vlaminck lived in or near Chatou (the inspiration for his painting houses at Chatou), painting and exhibiting alongside Derain, Matisse, and other Fauvist painters. At this time his exuberant paint application and vibrant use of colour displayed the influence of Vincent van Gogh. Sur le zinc called to mind the work of Toulouse-Lautrec and his portrayals of prostitutes and solitary drinkers, but does not attempt to probe the sitter's psychology—a break with the century-old European tradition of individualized portraiture.^[3] According to art critic Souren Melikian, it is "the impersonal cartoon of a type."^[3] In his landscape paintings, his approach was similar. He ignored the details, with the landscape becoming a vehicle through which he could express mood through violent colour and brushwork.^[3] An example is Sous bois, painted in 1904. The following year, he began to experiment with "deconstruction," turning the physical world into dabs and streaks of colour that convey a sense of motion.^[3] His paintings Le Pont de Chatou (The Chatou Bridge), Les Ramasseurs de pommes de terre (The Potato Pickers), La Seine a Chatou (The River Seine at Chatou) and Le Verger (The Orchard) exemplify this trend.^[3]

Artistic influences

Vlaminck's compositions show familiarity with the Impressionists, several of whom had painted in the same area in the 1870s and 1880s. After visiting a Van Gogh exhibit, he declared that he "loved Van Gogh that day more than my own father".^[10] From 1908 his palette grew more monochromatic, and the predominant influence was that of Cézanne.^[7] His later work displayed a dark palette, punctuated by heavy strokes of contrasting white paint.

Some of his works are held at the Minneapolis Institute of Art.^[11]

Notes and references

^ Freeman, Judi, et al. The Fauve Landscape, pp.13–14. Abbeville Press, 1990. ISBN 1-55859-025-0
^ Clement, Russell T. (1994). Les Fauves: A Sourcebook. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 341. ISBN 0-313-28333-8.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j Melikian, Souren. "Vlaminck: Expressing mood with color", International Herald Tribune, 11 July 2008. Retrieved 13 July 2008.
^ Freeman, page 319.
^ Patricia Leighten, 'A Politics of Technique' in Anarchism and the Avant-Garde (Brill: Amsterdam, 2019), p73f
^ Cneai
^ ^a ^b Freeman, p.319.
^ Louis Vauxcelles, Le Salon d'Automne, Gil Blas, 17 October 1905. Screen 5 and 6. Gallica, Bibliothèque nationale de France, ISSN 1149-9397
^ Freeman, pages 123, 319
^ Freeman, pp.15-21
^ "Maurice de Vlaminck ^ Minneapolis Institute of Art". collections.artsmia.org. Retrieved 17 February 2018.

External links

Maurice de Vlaminck on artnet
75 images of de Vlaminck's painting art, on Wikiart
Maurice de Vlaminck - Biography
Works by Maurice de Vlaminck^{[dead link]} (public domain in Canada)

[freeman13-1] Freeman, Judi, et al. The Fauve Landscape, pp.13–14. Abbeville Press, 1990. ISBN 1-55859-025-0

[LesFauves-2] Clement, Russell T. (1994). Les Fauves: A Sourcebook. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 341. ISBN 0-313-28333-8.

[melikian-3] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j Melikian, Souren. "Vlaminck: Expressing mood with color", International Herald Tribune, 11 July 2008. Retrieved 13 July 2008.

[4] Freeman, page 319.

[5] Patricia Leighten, 'A Politics of Technique' in Anarchism and the Avant-Garde (Brill: Amsterdam, 2019), p73f

[6] Cneai

[freeman319-7] Freeman, p.319.

[Gil_Blas,_17_October_1905-8] Louis Vauxcelles, Le Salon d'Automne, Gil Blas, 17 October 1905. Screen 5 and 6. Gallica, Bibliothèque nationale de France, ISSN 1149-9397

[9] Freeman, pages 123, 319

[freeman15-10] Freeman, pp.15-21

[11] "Maurice de Vlaminck ^ Minneapolis Institute of Art". collections.artsmia.org. Retrieved 17 February 2018.

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|French painter (1876–1958)}}
 {{Use dmy dates|date=April 2020}}
 {{Infobox artist
 | name          = Maurice de Vlaminck
-| image         = SeineChatou.JPG
+| image         = Derain et Vlaminck en 1942.jpg
-| image_size    = 250px
+| image_size    = 270px
-| caption       = Maurice de Vlaminck. ''The River Seine at [[Chatou]],'' 1906, [[Metropolitan Museum of Art]]
+| caption       = Maurice Vlaminck (right) with André Derain (left), in 1942
 | birth_name    =
 | birth_date    = {{birth date |1876|4|4|df=y}}
-| birth_place   = [[Paris]], France
+| birth_place   = Paris, France
 | death_date    = {{death date and age |1958|10|11|1876|4|4|df=y}}
 | death_place   = [[Rueil-la-Gadelière]], France
 | known_for     = [[Painting]]
 | training      =
-| movement      =
+| movement      = [[Fauvism]]
 | notable_works =
 | patrons       =
@@ Line 18: / Line 19: @@
 }}
-'''Maurice de Vlaminck''' (4 April 1876 &ndash; 11 October 1958) was a French [[Painting|painter]]. Along with [[André Derain]] and [[Henri Matisse]] he is considered one of the principal figures in the [[Fauvism|Fauve]] movement, a group of [[modern art]]ists who from 1904 to 1908 were united in their use of intense colour.<ref name=freeman13>Freeman, Judi, et al. ''The Fauve Landscape'', pp.13–14. Abbeville Press, 1990. {{ISBN|1-55859-025-0}}</ref> Vlaminck was one of the Fauves at the controversial [[Salon d'Automne]] exhibition of 1905.
+'''Maurice de Vlaminck''' ({{IPA|fr|vlamɛ̃k|lang}}; 4 April 1876 - 11 October 1958) was a French painter. Along with [[André Derain]] and [[Henri Matisse]], he is considered one of the principal figures in the [[Fauvism|Fauve]] movement, a group of [[modern art]]ists who from 1904 to 1908 were united in their use of intense colour.<ref name=freeman13>Freeman, Judi, et al. ''The Fauve Landscape'', pp.13–14. Abbeville Press, 1990. {{ISBN|1-55859-025-0}}</ref> Vlaminck was one of the Fauves at the controversial [[Salon d'Automne]] exhibition of 1905.
 ==Life==
+[[File:SeineChatou.JPG|thumb|250px|''The River Seine at [[Chatou]],'' 1906, [[Metropolitan Museum of Art]]]]
-[[File:Derain et Vlaminck en 1942.jpg|alt=Derain and Vlaminck in 1942|thumb|Photograph of [[André Derain]] (left) and Vlaminck (right), 1942]]
-Maurice de Vlaminck was born on [[Les Halles|Rue Pierre Lescot]] in [[Paris]]. His father Edmond Julien was Flemish and taught violin and his mother Joséphine Caroline Grillet came from Lorraine and taught piano.<ref name=LesFauves>{{cite book|first=Russell T.|last=Clement|title=Les Fauves: A Sourcebook|year=1994|page=[https://archive.org/details/lesfauvessourceb00clem/page/341 341]|publisher=[[Greenwood Publishing Group]]|isbn=0-313-28333-8|url=https://archive.org/details/lesfauvessourceb00clem/page/341|url-access=registration}}</ref> His father taught him to play the violin.<ref name=melikian>Melikian, Souren. [http://www.iht.com/articles/2008/07/12/arts/melik12.php "Vlaminck: Expressing mood with color"], ''[[International Herald Tribune]]'', 11 July 2008. Retrieved 13 July 2008.</ref> He began painting in his late teens. In 1893, he studied with a painter named Henri Rigalon on the [[:fr:Île des Impressionnistes|Île de Chatou]].<ref>Freeman, page 319.</ref> In 1894 he married Suzanne Berly. The turning point in his life was a chance meeting on the train to Paris towards the end of his stint in the army. Vlaminck, then 23, met an aspiring artist, [[André Derain]], with whom he struck up a lifelong friendship.<ref name=melikian/> When Vlaminck completed his army service in 1900, the two rented a studio together, the Maison Levanneur, which now houses the Cneai,<ref>[http://www.cneai.com/ Cneai]</ref> for a year before Derain left to do his own military service.<ref name=melikian/> In 1902 and 1903 he wrote several mildly pornographic novels illustrated by Derain.<ref name=freeman319>Freeman, p.319.</ref> He painted during the day and earned his livelihood by giving violin lessons and performing with musical bands at night.<ref name=melikian/>
+Maurice de Vlaminck was born on [[Les Halles|Rue Pierre Lescot]] in Paris. His father Edmond Julien was [[Flemish people|Flemish]] and taught violin and his mother Joséphine Caroline Grillet came from [[Lorraine]] and taught piano.<ref name=LesFauves>{{cite book|first=Russell T.|last=Clement|title=Les Fauves: A Sourcebook|year=1994|page=[https://archive.org/details/lesfauvessourceb00clem/page/341 341]|publisher=[[Greenwood Publishing Group]]|isbn=0-313-28333-8|url=https://archive.org/details/lesfauvessourceb00clem/page/341|url-access=registration}}</ref> His father taught him to play the violin.<ref name=melikian>Melikian, Souren. [http://www.iht.com/articles/2008/07/12/arts/melik12.php "Vlaminck: Expressing mood with color"], ''[[International Herald Tribune]]'', 11 July 2008. Retrieved 13 July 2008.</ref> He began painting in his late teens. In 1893, he studied with a painter named Henri Rigalon on the [[:fr:Île des Impressionnistes|Île de Chatou]].<ref>Freeman, page 319.</ref> In 1894 he married Suzanne Berly. The turning point in his life was a chance meeting on the train to Paris towards the end of his stint in the army. Vlaminck, then 23 and already active in anarchist circles in Paris,<ref>Patricia Leighten, 'A Politics of Technique' in ''Anarchism and the Avant-Garde'' (Brill: Amsterdam, 2019), p73f</ref> met an aspiring artist, [[André Derain]], with whom he struck up a lifelong friendship.<ref name=melikian/> When Vlaminck completed his army service in 1900, the two rented a studio together, the Maison Levanneur, which now houses the Cneai,<ref>[http://www.cneai.com/ Cneai]</ref> for a year before Derain left to do his own military service.<ref name=melikian/> In 1902 and 1903 he wrote several mildly pornographic novels illustrated by Derain.<ref name=freeman319>Freeman, p.319.</ref> He painted during the day and earned his livelihood by giving violin lessons and performing with musical bands at night.<ref name=melikian/>
 [[File:Maurice de Vlaminck, 1905-06, Barges on the Seine (Bateaux sur la Seine), oil on canvas, 81 x 100 cm, Pushkin Museum, Moscow.jpg|thumb|''Barges on the Seine (Bateaux sur la Seine)'', 1905-06, oil on canvas, 81 x 100 cm, [[Pushkin Museum]], Moscow]]
-[[File:Maurice de Vlaminck, 1907, Le bassin à Chatou (White Sailboat at Chatou), oil on canvas, 60.2 x 73.7 cm, private collection.jpg|thumb|''Le bassin à Chatou'' (''White Sailboat at Chatou''), 1907, oil on canvas, 60.2 x 73.7 cm, private collection]]
+[[File:Maurice de Vlaminck, 1907, Le bassin à Chatou (White Sailboat at Chatou), oil on canvas, 60.2 x 73.7 cm, private collection.jpg|thumb|left|''Le bassin à Chatou'' (''White Sailboat at Chatou''), 1907, oil on canvas, 60.2 x 73.7 cm, private collection]]
 Vlaminck participated in the controversial 1905 [[Salon d'Automne]] exhibition. After viewing the boldly colored canvases of Vlaminck, [[Henri Matisse]], [[André Derain]], [[Albert Marquet]], [[Kees van Dongen]], [[Charles Camoin]], and [[Jean Puy]], the art critic [[Louis Vauxcelles]] disparaged the painters as "''fauves''" (wild beasts), thus giving their movement the name by which it became known, [[Fauvism]].<ref name="Gil Blas, 17 October 1905">[http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k7522165g/f5.image Louis Vauxcelles, ''Le Salon d'Automne'', Gil Blas, 17 October 1905. Screen 5 and 6. Gallica, Bibliothèque nationale de France], {{ISSN|1149-9397}}</ref>
-In 1911, Vlaminck traveled to [[London]] and painted by the [[Thames]]. In 1913, he painted again with Derain in [[Marseille]] and [[Martigues]]. In [[World War I]] he was stationed in Paris, and began writing poetry. Eventually he settled in Rueil-la-Gadelière, a small village south-west of Paris. He married his second wife, Berthe Combes, with whom he had two daughters. From 1925 he traveled throughout France, but continued to paint primarily along the [[Seine]], near Paris. Resentful that [[Fauvism]] had been overtaken by [[Cubism]] as an [[art movement]] Vlaminck blamed [[Picasso]] "for dragging French painting into a wretched dead end and state of confusion". During the [[Second World War]] Vlaminck visited Germany and on his return published a tirade against Picasso and Cubism in the periodical ''Comoedia'' in June 1942.  A gifted story teller, Vlaminck wrote many autobiographies, which were somewhat marred either by vagueness or lack of absolute truthfulness.<ref>Freeman, pages 123, 319</ref>
+In 1911, Vlaminck traveled to London and painted by the [[Thames]]. In 1913, he painted again with Derain in [[Marseille]] and [[Martigues]]. In World War I he was stationed in Paris, and began writing poetry. Eventually he settled in Rueil-la-Gadelière, a small village south-west of Paris. He married his second wife, Berthe Combes, with whom he had two daughters. From 1925 he traveled throughout France, but continued to paint primarily along the [[Seine]], near Paris. Resentful that [[Fauvism]] had been overtaken by [[Cubism]] as an [[art movement]] Vlaminck blamed [[Picasso]] "for dragging French painting into a wretched dead end and state of confusion". During the Second World War, Vlaminck visited Germany and on his return published a tirade against Picasso and Cubism in the periodical ''Comoedia'' in June 1942.  Vlaminck wrote many autobiographies.<ref>Freeman, pages 123, 319</ref>
 Vlaminck died in Rueil-la-Gadelière on 11 October 1958.
 ==Artistic career==
-[[File:Maurice de Vlaminck, c.1909, Town on the Bank of a Lake, oil on canvas, 81.3 x 100.3 cm, Hermitage Museum, Saint Petersburg.jpg|thumb|''Town on the Bank of a Lake'', c.1909, oil on canvas, 81.3 x 100.3 cm, [[Hermitage Museum]], Saint Petersburg]]
+[[File:Maurice de Vlaminck, c.1909, Town on the Bank of a Lake, oil on canvas, 81.3 x 100.3 cm, Hermitage Museum, Saint Petersburg.jpg|thumb|left|''Town on the Bank of a Lake'', c.1909, oil on canvas, 81.3 x 100.3 cm, [[Hermitage Museum]], Saint Petersburg]]
 [[File:Maurice de Vlaminck, c.1910, Le pont de Poissy, oil on canvas, 46.4 x 54.9 cm.jpg|thumb|''Le pont de Poissy'', c.1910, oil on canvas, 46.4 x 54.9 cm]]
 [[File:Maurice de Vlaminck, c.1912, Village, oil on canvas, 73.7 x 92.1 cm (29 x 36 1-4 in.), Art Institute of Chicago.jpg|thumb|''Village'', c.1912, oil on canvas, 73.7 x 92.1 cm (29 x 36 1/4 in.), [[Art Institute of Chicago]]]]
@@ Line 41: / Line 42: @@
 ==Artistic influences==
-Vlaminck's compositions show familiarity with the [[Impressionists]], several of whom had painted in the same area in the 1870s and 1880s. After visiting a [[Van Gogh]] exhibit, he declared that he "loved Van Gogh that day more than my own father".<ref name=freeman15>Freeman, pp.15-21</ref> From 1908 his palette grew more monochromatic, and the predominant influence was that of [[Cézanne]].<ref name=freeman319/> His later work displayed a dark palette, punctuated by heavy strokes of contrasting white paint.
+Vlaminck's compositions show familiarity with the [[Impressionists]], several of whom had painted in the same area in the 1870s and 1880s. After visiting a Van Gogh exhibit, he declared that he "loved Van Gogh that day more than my own father".<ref name=freeman15>Freeman, pp.15-21</ref> From 1908 his palette grew more monochromatic, and the predominant influence was that of [[Cézanne]].<ref name=freeman319/> His later work displayed a dark palette, punctuated by heavy strokes of contrasting white paint.
 Some of his works are held at the [[Minneapolis Institute of Art]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://collections.artsmia.org/search/Maurice%20de%20Vlaminck|title=Maurice de Vlaminck ^ Minneapolis Institute of Art|website=collections.artsmia.org|access-date=17 February 2018}}</ref>
@@ Line 53: / Line 54: @@
 * [http://www.artnet.com/artist/17289/maurice-de-vlaminck.html Maurice de Vlaminck on artnet]
 * [https://www.wikiart.org/en/maurice-de-vlaminck 75 images of de Vlaminck's painting art], on Wikiart
-*[https://www.findlaygalleries.com/artists/period/maurice-de-vlaminck/ Maurice de Vlaminck Bio] - Findlay Galleries
 * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070527181734/http://www.artinthepicture.com/artists/Maurice_de_Vlaminck/biography.html Maurice de Vlaminck - Biography]
-* [[wikilivres:Maurice de Vlaminck|Works by Maurice de Vlaminck]] (public domain in Canada)
+* [https://wikilivres.org/wiki/Maurice_de_Vlaminck Works by Maurice de Vlaminck]{{dead link|date=May 2024|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}} (public domain in Canada)
 {{Fauvism}}
+{{Authority control (arts)}}
-{{ACArt}}
 {{DEFAULTSORT:Vlaminck, Maurice De}}
@@ Line 67: / Line 66: @@
 [[Category:French male painters]]
 [[Category:20th-century French painters]]
-[[Category:French people of Lorrainian descent]]
 [[Category:French people of Flemish descent]]
 [[Category:Fauvism]]
 [[Category:20th-century French printmakers]]
+[[Category:19th-century French male artists]]

v t e Fauvism
Leaders	Henri Matisse André Derain
Others	Georges Braque Charles Camoin Kees van Dongen Raoul Dufy Othon Friesz Henri Manguin Albert Marquet Jean Metzinger Jean Puy Georges Rouault Louis Valtat Maurice de Vlaminck
Paintings	Luxe, Calme et Volupté Le bonheur de vivre The Open Window Landscape at Collioure Les toits de Collioure Blue Nude (Souvenir de Biskra) The Green Stripe Paysage coloré aux oiseaux aquatiques Woman with a Hat
Influences	Paul Cézanne Paul Gauguin Vincent van Gogh Gustave Moreau (teacher) Georges Seurat Paul Signac Neo-Impressionism Pointillism Salon d'Automne 1905 exhibit
Influenced	Die Brücke Neo-Fauvism
Related	Louis Vauxcelles (critic)

Authority control databases
International	VIAF
National	Germany United States France BnF data Australia
Artists	ULAN RKD Artists KulturNav 2 Victoria
People	Trove Deutsche Biographie
Other	SNAC Te Papa (New Zealand)