Silver gull: Difference between revisions
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{{Taxobox |
{{Taxobox |
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| name = Silver Gull |
| name = Silver Gull |
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| image = |
| image = Chroicocephalus novaehollandiae Tas.jpg |
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| image_caption = Adult |
| image_caption = Adult |
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| status = LC |
| status = LC |
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| ⚫ | |||
| status_system =iucn3.1 |
| status_system = iucn3.1 |
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| regnum = [[Animal]]ia |
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia |
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| phylum = [[Chordata]] |
| phylum = [[Chordata]] |
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The Silver Gull should not be confused with the [[Herring Gull]], which is called "silver gull" in many other languages ([[scientific name]] ''Larus argentatus'', [[German language|German]] ''Silbermöwe'', [[French language|French]] ''Goéland argenté'', [[Dutch language|Dutch]] ''zilvermeeuw'') but is a much larger, robust gull with no overlap in range. It has a sharp voice consisting of a variety of calls. |
The Silver Gull should not be confused with the [[Herring Gull]], which is called "silver gull" in many other languages ([[scientific name]] ''Larus argentatus'', [[German language|German]] ''Silbermöwe'', [[French language|French]] ''Goéland argenté'', [[Dutch language|Dutch]] ''zilvermeeuw'') but is a much larger, robust gull with no overlap in range. It has a sharp voice consisting of a variety of calls. |
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== Taxonomy == |
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It is a common species, having adapted well to urban environments and thriving around shopping centres and garbage dumps. |
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The Silver Gull was first described by James Francis Stephens in 1826. |
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== Description == |
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The head, body and tail are white. The wings are light grey with white spotted, black tips.<ref name="birdsinbackyards">{{cite web|url=http://www.birdsinbackyards.net/finder/display.cfm?id=95|title=Silver Gull|date=23-Jan-07 |publisher=Birds in Backyards, Australian Museum|accessdate=2009-05-10}}</ref> Adults range from 40-45 cm in length. <ref name="birdsinbackyards"/> Mean wing span is 94cm. <ref name="pizzey" /> |
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== Distribution & Habitat == |
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Silver gulls are found in all states of Australia.<ref name="pizzey">{{cite book |title=Field Guide to the Birds of Australia |last=Pizzey |first=Graham |coauthors=Knight, Frank |year=1997 |publisher=HarperCollinsPublishers |location=Sydney, Australia |isbn=0 207 18013 X |page=111}}</ref> It is a common species, having adapted well to urban environments and thriving around shopping centres and garbage dumps. |
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Silver Gulls have twice been recorded in the [[USA]]: One bird was shot in August 1947 at the mouth of the [[Genessee River]], [[Lake Ontario]]. Another one was photographed in [[Salem County, New Jersey]], in autumn 1996. Both are nowadays believed to have escaped from captivity ([[American Ornithologists' Union|AOU]], 2000). |
Silver Gulls have twice been recorded in the [[USA]]: One bird was shot in August 1947 at the mouth of the [[Genessee River]], [[Lake Ontario]]. Another one was photographed in [[Salem County, New Jersey]], in autumn 1996. Both are nowadays believed to have escaped from captivity ([[American Ornithologists' Union|AOU]], 2000). |
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== Behaviour == |
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[[Image:Silver Gull flight.ogg|thumb|300px|left|Off Gold Coast, Australia]] |
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<br style="clear:both"> |
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==== Feeding ==== |
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The silver gull naturally feeds on worms, fish, insects and crustaceans. It is a successful scavenger, allowing increased numbers near human settlements. |
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==== Breeding ==== |
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Breeding occurs from August to December.<ref name="pizzey" /> The nest is located on the ground and consists of seaweed, roots and plant stems.<ref name="pizzey" /> The nests may be found in low shrubs, rocks and jetties.<ref name="pizzey" /> Typical clutch size is 1-3 eggs. <ref name="pizzey" /><ref name="birdsinbackyards" /> |
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== Gallery == |
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<gallery> |
<gallery> |
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Image:Yellow legged seagull.jpg|Juvenile (first winter) |
Image:Yellow legged seagull.jpg|Juvenile (first winter) |
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Image:280 Silver Gull 20040529 Darling Harbour.JPG|Adult |
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Image:Silver Gull in flight.jpg|Immature, in flight |
Image:Silver Gull in flight.jpg|Immature, in flight |
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Image:Silvergull.jpg|Adult Silver Gull in SE Queensland |
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File:Chroicocephalus novaehollandiae - Silver Gull - Bathing.jpg|Bathing |
File:Chroicocephalus novaehollandiae - Silver Gull - Bathing.jpg|Bathing |
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</gallery> |
</gallery> |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
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| ⚫ | * '''[[American Ornithologists' Union]]''' (AOU) (2000): Forty-second supplement to the American Ornithologists' Union Check-list of North American Birds. ''[[Auk (journal)|Auk]]'' '''117'''(3): 847–858. <small>[[Digital Object Identifier|DOI]]: 10.1642/0004-8038(2000)117[0847:FSSTTA]2.0.CO;2</small> |
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| ⚫ | * '''[[American Ornithologists' Union]]''' (AOU) (2000): Forty-second supplement to the American Ornithologists' Union Check-list of North American Birds. ''[[Auk (journal)|Auk]]'' '''117'''(3): 847–858. <small>[[Digital Object Identifier|DOI]]: 10.1642/0004-8038(2000)117[0847:FSSTTA]2.0.CO;2</small> |
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| ⚫ | |||
* '''Harrison''', Peter (1988): ''Seabirds'' (2nd ed.). [[Helm Identification Guides|Christopher Helm]], London. <small>ISBN 0-7470-1410-8</small> |
* '''Harrison''', Peter (1988): ''Seabirds'' (2nd ed.). [[Helm Identification Guides|Christopher Helm]], London. <small>ISBN 0-7470-1410-8</small> |
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* '''Pizzey''', Graham & '''Knight''', Frank (1997): ''The field guide to the birds of Australia'':224. Harper & Collins, Pymble, N.S.W.. <small>ISBN 0-207-18013-X</small> |
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* Pons J.M., Hassanin, A., and Crochet P.A.(2005). ''Phylogenetic relationships within the Laridae (Charadriiformes: Aves) inferred from mitochondrial markers.'' Molecular phylogenetics and evolution 37(3):686-699 |
* Pons J.M., Hassanin, A., and Crochet P.A.(2005). ''Phylogenetic relationships within the Laridae (Charadriiformes: Aves) inferred from mitochondrial markers.'' Molecular phylogenetics and evolution 37(3):686-699 |
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[[Category:Birds of Tasmania]] |
[[Category:Birds of Tasmania]] |
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[[Category:Birds of Western Australia]] |
[[Category:Birds of Western Australia]] |
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{{Charadriiformes-stub}} |
{{Charadriiformes-stub}} |
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Revision as of 07:18, 10 May 2009
| Silver Gull | |
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| Adult | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | |
| Phylum: | |
| Class: | |
| Order: | |
| Family: | |
| Genus: | |
| Species: | C. novaehollandiae
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| Binomial name | |
| Chroicocephalus novaehollandiae (Stephens, 1826)
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| Synonyms | |
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Larus novaehollandiae | |
The Silver Gull (Chroicocephalus novaehollandiae) also known simply as "seagull" in Australia, is the most common gull seen in Australia. It has been found throughout the continent, but particularly coastal areas. The South African Hartlaub's Gull (C. hartlaubii) and the New Zealand Red-billed Gull (C. scopulinus) were formerly sometimes considered to be subspecies of the Silver Gull. As is the case with many gulls, it has traditionally been placed in the genus Larus.
The Silver Gull should not be confused with the Herring Gull, which is called "silver gull" in many other languages (scientific name Larus argentatus, German Silbermöwe, French Goéland argenté, Dutch zilvermeeuw) but is a much larger, robust gull with no overlap in range. It has a sharp voice consisting of a variety of calls.
Taxonomy
The Silver Gull was first described by James Francis Stephens in 1826.
Description
The head, body and tail are white. The wings are light grey with white spotted, black tips.[2] Adults range from 40-45 cm in length. [2] Mean wing span is 94cm. [3]
Distribution & Habitat
Silver gulls are found in all states of Australia.[3] It is a common species, having adapted well to urban environments and thriving around shopping centres and garbage dumps.
Silver Gulls have twice been recorded in the USA: One bird was shot in August 1947 at the mouth of the Genessee River, Lake Ontario. Another one was photographed in Salem County, New Jersey, in autumn 1996. Both are nowadays believed to have escaped from captivity (AOU, 2000).
Behaviour
Feeding
The silver gull naturally feeds on worms, fish, insects and crustaceans. It is a successful scavenger, allowing increased numbers near human settlements.
Breeding
Breeding occurs from August to December.[3] The nest is located on the ground and consists of seaweed, roots and plant stems.[3] The nests may be found in low shrubs, rocks and jetties.[3] Typical clutch size is 1-3 eggs. [3][2]
Gallery
-
Juvenile (first winter) -
Immature, in flight -
Bathing -
References
- ^ Template:IUCN2006 Database entry includes justification for why this species is of least concern
- ^ a b c "Silver Gull". Birds in Backyards, Australian Museum. 23-Jan-07. Retrieved 2009-05-10.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|date=(help) - ^ a b c d e f Pizzey, Graham (1997). Field Guide to the Birds of Australia. Sydney, Australia: HarperCollinsPublishers. p. 111. ISBN 0 207 18013 X.
{{cite book}}: Unknown parameter|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (help)
- American Ornithologists' Union (AOU) (2000): Forty-second supplement to the American Ornithologists' Union Check-list of North American Birds. Auk 117(3): 847–858. DOI: 10.1642/0004-8038(2000)117[0847:FSSTTA]2.0.CO;2
- Harrison, Peter (1988): Seabirds (2nd ed.). Christopher Helm, London. ISBN 0-7470-1410-8
- Pons J.M., Hassanin, A., and Crochet P.A.(2005). Phylogenetic relationships within the Laridae (Charadriiformes: Aves) inferred from mitochondrial markers. Molecular phylogenetics and evolution 37(3):686-699
 | This Charadriiformes-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |
