Pagani Zonda: Difference between revisions
←Blanked the page |
m Reverting possible vandalism by 68.173.178.10 to version by 75.112.150.36. False positive? Report it. Thanks, ClueBot. (709782) (Bot) |
||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{Morefootnotes|article|date=June 2008}} |
|||
{{Infobox Automobile |
|||
| image = [[Image:Pagani Zonda.jpg|250px|Pagani Zonda]] |
|||
| name = Pagani Zonda |
|||
| manufacturer = [[Pagani]] |
|||
| parent_company = |
|||
| aka = |
|||
| production = 1999–present<br/>95 produced |
|||
| assembly = |
|||
| predecessor = |
|||
| successor = |
|||
| class = [[Sports car]] |
|||
| body_style = |
|||
| layout = [[Rear mid-engine, rear-wheel drive layout|Rear mid-engine, rear-wheel drive]] |
|||
| platform = |
|||
| engine = |
|||
| transmission = |
|||
| wheelbase = |
|||
| length = |
|||
| width = |
|||
| height = |
|||
| weight = |
|||
| fuel_capacity = |
|||
| related = |
|||
| designer = |
|||
}} |
|||
{{Infobox Automobile generation |
|||
| image = |
|||
| name = C12 |
|||
| manufacturer = |
|||
| parent_company = |
|||
| aka = |
|||
| production = 1999–2002<br/>5 produced |
|||
| assembly = |
|||
| predecessor = |
|||
| successor = |
|||
| class = |
|||
| body_style = 2-door [[Coupé|coupe]] |
|||
| layout = |
|||
| platform = |
|||
| engine = 6.0 L [[Mercedes-Benz]] [[V12 engine|V12]]<br/>408 PS (300 kW/402 hp)<br/>571 N·m (421 ft·lbf) |
|||
| transmission = |
|||
| wheelbase = |
|||
| length = |
|||
| width = |
|||
| height = |
|||
| weight = |
|||
| fuel_capacity = |
|||
| related = |
|||
| designer = |
|||
}} |
|||
{{Infobox Automobile generation |
|||
| image = |
|||
| name = C12 S |
|||
| manufacturer = |
|||
| parent_company = |
|||
| aka = |
|||
| production = 2001–2002<br/>15 produced |
|||
| assembly = |
|||
| predecessor = |
|||
| successor = |
|||
| class = |
|||
| body_style = 2-door [[Coupé|coupe]]<br/>2-door [[convertible]] |
|||
| layout = |
|||
| platform = |
|||
| engine = 7.0 L [[Mercedes-AMG|AMG]] [[V12 engine|V12]]<br/>550 PS (404 kW/543 hp) |
|||
| transmission = |
|||
| wheelbase = |
|||
| length = |
|||
| width = |
|||
| height = |
|||
| weight = |
|||
| fuel_capacity = |
|||
| related = |
|||
| designer = |
|||
}} |
|||
{{Infobox Automobile generation |
|||
| image = |
|||
| name = C12 S 7.3 |
|||
| manufacturer = |
|||
| parent_company = |
|||
| aka = |
|||
| production = 2002–2005<br/>17 produced |
|||
| assembly = |
|||
| predecessor = |
|||
| successor = |
|||
| class = |
|||
| body_style = 2-door [[Coupé|coupe]]<br/>2-door [[convertible]] |
|||
| layout = |
|||
| platform = |
|||
| engine = 7.3 L [[Mercedes-AMG|AMG]] [[V12 engine|V12]]<br/>555 PS (408 kW/547 hp)<br/>750 N·m (553 ft·lbf) |
|||
| transmission = |
|||
| wheelbase = |
|||
| length = |
|||
| width = |
|||
| height = |
|||
| weight = |
|||
| fuel_capacity = |
|||
| related = |
|||
| designer = |
|||
}} |
|||
{{Infobox Automobile generation |
|||
| image = |
|||
| name = C12 F |
|||
| manufacturer = |
|||
| parent_company = |
|||
| aka = |
|||
| production = 2005–present |
|||
| assembly = |
|||
| predecessor = |
|||
| successor = |
|||
| class = |
|||
| body_style = 2-door [[Coupé|coupe]]<br/>2-door [[convertible]] |
|||
| layout = |
|||
| platform = |
|||
| engine = 7.3 L [[Mercedes-AMG|AMG]] [[V12 engine|V12]]<br/>602 PS (443 kW/594 hp)<br/>759 N·m (560 ft·lbf) |
|||
| transmission = 6-speed [[Manual transmission|manual]] |
|||
| wheelbase = {{auto mm|2728|1}} |
|||
| length = {{auto mm|4435|1}} |
|||
| width = {{auto mm|2055|1}} |
|||
| height = {{auto mm|1140|1}} |
|||
| weight = {{auto kg|1230|0}} |
|||
| fuel_capacity = |
|||
| related = |
|||
| designer = |
|||
}} |
|||
The '''Pagani Zonda''' is a [[Mid-engine design|mid-engined]] [[sports car]] produced by [[Pagani]] in Italy. It debuted in 1999 and continues through the present, with production proceeding at roughly 10 cars per year. As of September, 2008, 95 Zondas had been built. Both 2-seat [[coupe]] and [[convertible]] versions have been produced. Construction is mainly of [[Graphite-reinforced plastic|carbon fibre]]. |
|||
Some early Zonda engineering was done by [[Formula One]] champion, [[Juan Manuel Fangio]]. The car was originally to be named for him, the "Fangio F1", but the name was changed upon his death in 1995, renamed after an [[Zonda wind|air current above Argentina]]. |
|||
==1999 Zonda C12== |
|||
The '''C12''' debuted at the 1999 [[Geneva Motor Show]]. It was powered by a model 190.3344 L {{Auto cc-cu in|5987|0}} [[Mercedes-Benz]] [[Mercedes-Benz M120 engine|M120]] [[V12 engine]] and could reach speeds of {{convert|210|mi/h|km/h|abbr=on}}. The engine produces {{Auto PS|408}} at 5200 rpm and {{Auto ftlbf|421}} at 3800 rpm. |
|||
Just five of the original 6.0 L Zondas were built, though it was still available in 2002 when the C12 S debuted. One was used for crash testing, while another was a demonstrator and show car. The rest were delivered to customers over the next three years, priced at [[USD|US$]]320,000. |
|||
The C12 could accelerate to {{convert|60|mi/h|km/h|abbr=on}} in 4.2 seconds and hit {{convert|100|mi/h|km/h|abbr=on}} in 8.2 seconds. Acceleration through the quarter mile was 12.1 seconds at {{convert|124|mi/h|km/h|abbr=on}}. Lateral acceleration on the skidpad was 0.93 g, and the car could brake from {{convert|60|mi/h|km/h|abbr=on}} in {{ft to m|110}}. |
|||
== 2000 Zonda C12 S == |
|||
The '''C12 S''' uses a {{Auto cc-cu in|7010|0}} [[Mercedes-AMG|AMG]]–tuned version of the engine producing {{Auto PS|550}}. It can accelerate to {{convert|60|mi/h|km/h|abbr=on}} in 3.7 secs, to {{convert|100|mi/h|km/h|abbr=on}} in 7.5 secs and complete the [[Dragstrip|quarter mile]] in 11.3 secs at {{convert|131|mi/h|km/h|abbr=on}}. Lateral acceleration on the skidpad is 1.18 ''g'' (11.6 m/s²), the car is {{kg to lb|10}} lighter than the normal Zonda C12, it can reach a top speed of {{convert|220|mi/h|km/h|abbr=on}}, and carries a price tag of US$350,000. |
|||
The C12 S features an elongated nose, flaps at the rear for improved [[aerodynamics]], and new light clusters and [[Exhaust system|exhausts]]. Only fifteen 7.0 L C12 S cars were produced. |
|||
== 2002 Zonda C12 S 7.3 == |
|||
The {{Auto cc-cu in|7291|0}} '''C12 S 7.3''' of 2002 used one of the largest V12 engines ever made. The engine was designed and manufactured by Mercedes-Benz AMG, where [[traction control system|traction control]] was added to handle the {{Convert|408|kW|hp|0|abbr=on}} and {{Auto ftlbf|553}} that this engine produces. The 7.3 can accelerate from 0 to {{convert|60|mi/h|km/h|abbr=on}} in less than 3.5 seconds and has a top speed of up to {{convert|224|mi/h|km/h|abbr=on}} depending on aerodynamic configuration. |
|||
A roadster version is also built, with production limited by the company to 40 examples. As of 2005, nine roadsters had been built. According to ''[[Road & Track]]'' magazine, three more C12 S 7.3 cars had been built as of June, 2005, but it is unclear whether they were roadsters or coupes. ''[[Motor Trend]]'' reported in their January 2006 issue that 60 Zondas of all types had been built. |
|||
== 2003 Zonda GR == |
|||
Development of the '''Zonda GR''' started in December, 2002. At this stage the Zonda was nearly four years old, but had yet to be entered in major motorsports. Tom Weickardt, owner of American Viperacing, Toine Hezemans, owner of Carsport Holland, and Paul Kumpen, owner of [[GLPK]], created a new company, '''Carsport Zonda''', to build a racing version. They secured exclusive rights to develop, build and sell competition Zondas from [[Horacio Pagani]], and the first GR was completed at Carsport's facility in [[Modena]] within months. |
|||
The Zonda GR is based on the Zonda C12 S. It was built on the same carbon fiber chassis, with [[Superleggera|tube frames]] in front and back. The bodywork was modified to include front and rear diffusers and louvers for improved aerodynamics. The car was {{m to ft|2|precision=1}} wide, in accordance with the regulations of the [[Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile|FIA]] and [[Automobile Club de L'Ouest|ACO]]. The car's weight was reduced to {{kg to lb|1100}}, and a new [[suspension (vehicle)|suspension]] was designed. New wheels and brakes were also specified. The engine was equipped with an enlarged radiator, and the engine and gearbox also have new oil coolers. |
|||
The performance of the Zonda GR is well beyond that of the stock car. The car sprints from 0 to {{convert|60|mi/h|km/h|abbr=on}} in 3.3 seconds and the engine produces around {{Auto PS|600}} at 5800 rpm and {{Auto ftlbf|580}} of torque at 4300 rpm with a redline increased to 7500 rpm. The added power and improved aerodynamics allow the car to hit {{convert|215|mi/h|km/h|abbr=on}}. |
|||
== C12 S Monza == |
|||
[[Image:Pagani Race Car.jpg|right|thumb|300px|Pagani Monza Factory Race Car.]] |
|||
The '''Zonda C12 S Monza''' debuted at the 2004 [[Paris Motor Show]] as a track-day version of the Zonda for private use. Borrowing its appearance cues from the Zonda GR, the Monza included many features which could also be applied to other Zonda models. A [[dry sump]] engine tuned to 637 PS (more than 440 kW) was used, and the cooling was improved. Modified aerodynamics, including a different wing and front diffuser, allowed greater speed, as did optimized gearing. The car was lighter, with polycarbonate side windows, and an unmuffled exhaust is fitted. The revised interior includes different pedals, steering wheel, and seats, as well as a reinforced roll cage. Larger brakes and a stiffer suspension also improve performance. Finally, an external fire extinguisher is included for safety. |
|||
== 2005 Zonda F (C12 F) == |
|||
The '''Zonda C12 F''' debuted at the 2005 [[Geneva Motor Show]]. It is the most extensive reengineering of the Pagani car yet, though it shares much with its predecessors including the 7.3 L V12. Power is increased to {{Auto PS|602}} with a special clubsport model producing {{Auto PS|650}}. The company promises a 3.5 second sprint to {{convert|62|mi/h|km/h|abbr=on}}, a top speed over {{convert|215|mi/h|km/h|abbr=on}}. The Zonda F clubsport has a [[Power-to-weight ratio|power to weight ratio]] of 528 bhp/[[ton]] (384 W/kg). An [[Enzo Ferrari (car)|Enzo Ferrari]], comparatively, has a power to weight ratio of 483 bhp/[[ton]] (356 W/kg).{{Fact|date=June 2008}} |
|||
The top speed can be further [[Tweaking|tweaked]] by adjusting the aerodynamic settings. {{convert|215|mi/h|km/h|abbr=on}} is the car's top speed on the setting for the best handling which provides the most down force but also has the highest drag coefficient. If the aerodynamic settings were adjusted the top speed would be a bit higher. This also seems to be the reason that when EVO Magazine attempted the Pagani Zonda S's top speed on the [[Autobahn]], that they were only able to get the car to {{convert|197|mi/h|km/h|abbr=on}}, as opposed to its claimed top speed of {{convert|220|mi/h|km/h|abbr=on}}. It would make sense that if the car was set up for maximum downforce then its top speed would drop to around {{convert|200|mi/h|km/h|abbr=on}}. Company representatives at Pagani's factory backed up this claim. However, the EVO article claimed that aerodynamic parts, specifically ones which created drag were in fact removed during the run, bringing Pagani's claims into question. |
|||
The Zonda F Clubsport held the record for the fastest lap by any production car around the [[Nürburgring]], lapping the {{mi to km|12.9}} Nordschleife in 7 minutes 27.82 seconds, beating the previous record holder, the [[Porsche Carrera GT]].<ref>[http://www.evo.co.uk/news/evonews/211440/pagani_sets_new_ring_record.html EVO - Pagani sets 'Ring record]</ref> It was since surpassed by the 2009 [[Chevrolet Corvette|Corvette]] ZR1 on 7 June 2008, with a time of 7 minutes 26.4 seconds.<ref>[http://jalopnik.com/397308/corvette-zr1-laps-nurburgring-in-7264 Corvette ZR1 Laps Nurburgring In 7:26.4<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> |
|||
With Marc Basseng at the wheel the Zonda F CS has set a new time around the [[Nürburgring]], lapping the {{mi to km|12.9}} Nordschleife in 7:24.7 now only surpassed by the Maserati MC12 which set a time of 7:24.3.{{Fact|date=October 2008}} |
|||
Production of the Zonda F will be limited to 25 cars, still not US compatible. |
|||
The next model (codenamed C9), due to be unveiled in 2009, will be fully EPA/DOT compatible. |
|||
The '''Zonda F''', named after [[Formula 1|F1]] driver [[Juan Manuel Fangio]], comes with an extra head light and different fog lights at the sides, new bodywork (revised front end, new rear spoiler, more aerodynamic vents all around) that improves the cars aerodynamics and different side mirrors. Further enhancements over the 'S' centre around optional carbon/ceramic brakes developed in conjunction with [[Brembo]], [[magnesium wheels]], inconel [[titanium]] exhaust system, [[Hydroforming|hydroformed]] [[Aluminium|aluminum]] intake plenum and a redesigned 'Z preg' weave in the crash structure to improve rigidity and reduce weight. |
|||
=== Zonda Roadster F === |
|||
The '''Zonda Roadster F''' debuted at the 2006 Geneva show. It is similar to the coupe, but with a removable carbon fibre roof and canvas side curtains weighing just {{kg to lb|5}}. Production of the Roadster F is suggested at 25 units. |
|||
The '''Roadster F''' is able to maintain chassis rigidity without any gain in curb weight by eschewing conventional thinking by not strengthening the sills - a process which would have needed more than {{kg to lb|35}} of reinforcement. Pagani instead uses racing car thinking, materials and construction techniques, strengthening the firewall structure of the chassis tub together with billet alloy braces that connect the points where the roof rails would have joined. The windscreen is also strengthened for safety reasons. These techniques enable the Roadster to have virtually the same weight as the coupe, {{kg to lb|1230}}.<ref>[http://www.sybarites.org/2006/02/24/pagani-releases-the-zonda-f-roadster/ Further information and photos]</ref> |
|||
The '''Zonda Roadster F''' was tested by [[Top Gear]] and achieved a lap time around their test track of 1:17.8 besting the [[Bugatti Veyron 16.4]] also tested during the same episode. |
|||
== Zonda R Clubsport == |
|||
{{Infobox Automobile generation |
|||
| image = |
|||
| name = R Clubsport |
|||
| manufacturer = |
|||
| parent_company = |
|||
| aka = |
|||
| production = 2009–present |
|||
| assembly = |
|||
| predecessor = |
|||
| successor = |
|||
| class = |
|||
| body_style = 2-door [[Coupé|coupe]] |
|||
| layout = |
|||
| platform = |
|||
| engine = 7.3 L [[Mercedes-AMG|AMG]] [[V12 engine|V12]]<br/>739 hp @8000 rpm<br/>523 ft·lbf torque |
|||
| transmission = 6-speed [[Sequential manual transmission|sequential manual]] |
|||
| wheelbase = |
|||
| length = |
|||
| width = |
|||
| height = |
|||
| weight = |
|||
| fuel_capacity = |
|||
| related = |
|||
| designer = |
|||
}} |
|||
The '''R Clubsport''' was debuted at the Geneva Motor Show 2007, still using the 7.3 litre V12 sourced from [[Mercedes-AMG|AMG]] by [[Mercedes-Benz]].<ref name="Geneva">{{cite web | url = http://2007.salon-auto.ch/en/visite/index.php?idIndex=0&idContent=10840 | title = Visitor's guide | accessdate = 2008-03-12 | author = Tom Stewart | date = 2007-03-08 | publisher = Revue Automobile }}</ref> The R Clubsport's competition lies with track-biased cars such as the [[Ferrari FXX]] and [[Maserati MC12 Corsa]] rather than the original Zonda's road competitors. It is thought, therefore, that like the FXX and some models of the MC12, the R CS will not be road-[[Homologation|homologated]]. Since it is likely that the car will be ineligible under FIA regulations for almost any form of organized racing, the car is essentially relegated to privateer racing in nonstandard series and the owner's private track time, much like customer versions of the MC12. For comparison the FXX, which has its own race-series, is also neither road nor race homologated, and is not even delivered to the owner, instead being 'made available' by Ferrari at specified events. The Pagani-designed race-models are also far more proven and targeted racecars, so it is unlikely that even heavily-modified R CSs will compete in formal racing. |
|||
Despite sharing much of the Zonda's shape, the R CS is almost entirely new, sharing only 10% of the Zonda F's components. It has been obliquely suggested by Horacio Pagani that this car is a testbed chassis for certain components of the Zonda's replacement (in the same vein as the [[Ferrari 288 GTO#Evoluzione|Ferrari 288 GTO Evoluzione]] and the successive [[Ferrari F40|F40]]) and that the R CS accurately reflects some of the Zonda's successor's features. |
|||
'''Chassis''' |
|||
The central carbon chassis incorporates a [[roll cage]] and a rubber [[Fuel tank#Racing fuel cells|racing fuel cell]] with 4 fuel pumps and quick refuel filler cap, similar to GT race cars. The wheelbase has been increased by {{Auto mm|47|1}} to increase stability. The front and rear subframes are brand-new, built to accommodate new suspension geometry, and produced in Avional. The slick-shod wheels are new forged-magnesium centre-lock models, which in conjunction with on-board pneumatic airjacks (again, like the FXX) allow rapid change of the entire wheel assemblies. |
|||
The car senses, displays and logs information about the amount of downforce that is generated at each wheel at all times. It is thought that this system will enable owners to adjust set-up according to track conditions and to improve their cornering technique. |
|||
'''Bodywork''' |
|||
In addition to the wheelbase increase (47 mm), overall length has increased by {{Auto mm|394|1}} and track by {{Auto mm|50|1}}. The bodywork and aerodynamics have been altered to offer maximum downforce, featuring a longer front bonnet with flaps, a closed underbody and a new rear overhang with adjustable rear wing and race-derived diffuser. These are intended to translate into increased aerodynamic efficiency and downforce for maximum cornering speed. It is also noted that the car's new rear bodywork is minimal in the extreme, being composed mostly of vent. This is thought to be symptomatic of the need to keep the engine cool enough, even under hard track use. Again, this is similar to the gutted bodywork of the Ferrari Evoluzione. |
|||
'''Engine''' |
|||
Output has increased to {{Auto bhp|739|0}} at 8000 rpm and {{Auto ftlbf|523}} of torque. A lightweight carbon fibre high performance intake system, racing multiple disc sintered clutch and Formula 1-style exhaust system, hydroformed in Inconel 625 and ceramic coated for optimal heat dissipation, have been added. The engine is combined with a 6-speed transverse-mounted manual [[Sequential manual transmission|sequential]] synchronized gearbox. |
|||
'''Interior''' |
|||
The car's interior is spartan reflecting the car's racetrack aspirations and intended home, and features bespoke seats, customized to the driver to offer maximum support. As before, the Digitek instrumentation provides essential information and the sophisticated [[telemetry]] allows a variety of sensors to monitor numerous aspects of the car. |
|||
'''Cost''' |
|||
The '''R Clubsport''', as a final, specialized run-out model, is expected to cost in excess of US$1.2 million. |
|||
== Zonda Cinque == |
|||
{{Infobox Automobile generation |
|||
| image = |
|||
| name = Cinque |
|||
| manufacturer = |
|||
| parent_company = |
|||
| aka = |
|||
| production = 2008-2009 |
|||
| assembly = |
|||
| predecessor = |
|||
| successor = |
|||
| class = |
|||
| body_style = 2-door [[Coupé|coupe]] |
|||
| layout = |
|||
| platform = |
|||
| engine = 7.3 L [[Mercedes-AMG|AMG]] [[V12 engine|V12]]<br/>678 hp @6400 rpm<br/>575 ft·lbf torque |
|||
| transmission = 6-speed [[Sequential manual transmission|sequential manual]] |
|||
| wheelbase = |
|||
| length = |
|||
| width = |
|||
| height = |
|||
| weight = |
|||
| fuel_capacity = |
|||
| related = |
|||
| designer = |
|||
}} |
|||
The final Zonda in its current form is a combination of the Zonda F and Zonda R to create a road going track day car. |
|||
Built at the repeated request of the Hong Kong based Pagani dealer, SPS Automotive Performance, only 5 will be built at the cost of £1million with deliveries expected by June 2009 for all 5 cars. |
|||
The differences over other road going Zondas are a new clutchless sequential gearchange resulting in shifts now taking less than 100 milliseconds dropping 0-62mph down to 3.4 seconds, the Cinque (pronounced chin-kway) also has a revised form of carbon fibre which uses titanium to increase strength, suspension will make use of magnesium and titanium components and the engines power has been increased to {{convert|678|bhp|abbr=on}}, revised bodywork now creates {{convert|750|kg|lb|0|abbr=on}} of downforce at {{convert|300|km/h|mi/h|0|abbr=on}}, the Cinque is capable of generating 1.45g of cornering force. |
|||
== 2009/2010 Pagani Project C9 == |
|||
The Zonda successor, initially referred to as the Zonda R, is believed to have larger air intakes and a wider front grille. According to EVO, this new Pagani supercar will feature a M275 AMG twin turbo V12 along with a brand new sequential gearbox provided by ZF.{{Fact|date=January 2009}} |
|||
== Gallery == |
|||
<gallery> |
|||
Image:Pagani Zonda F engine (AMG V12 7.3l)2.jpg|Pagani Zonda F engine |
|||
Image:HK Wan Chai Grand Hyatt Hong Kong black 1.JPG|Pagani Zonda |
|||
Image:Pagani_Zonda_Roadster_Yellow.jpg|Pagani Zonda Roadster |
|||
</gallery> |
|||
== Notes == |
|||
{{reflist}} |
|||
== References == |
|||
* {{cite web | title=First Drive: Pagani Zonda C12S | work=Motor Trend | url=http://www.motortrend.com/roadtests/coupe/112_0212_pagani_zonda_c12s/ | dateformat=mdy | accessdate=April 19 2005}} |
|||
* {{cite web | title=The Supercar, not the sandwich | work=Car and Driver | url=http://www.caranddriver.com/article.asp?section_id=29&article_id=9049&page_number=1 | dateformat=mdy | accessdate=April 19 2005}} |
|||
* {{cite web | title=Topless Exotics | work=Road & Track | url=http://www.roadandtrack.com/article.asp?section_id=7&article_id=2220&page_number=3 | dateformat=mdy | accessdate=June 13 2005}} |
|||
* {{cite web | title=Pagani Zonda Official Site | work=PaganiAutomobili | url=http://www.paganiautomobili.it | dateformat=mdy | accessdate=July 12 2006}} |
|||
* {{cite web | title=5 Nubile Notables | work=Car&Driver | url=http://www.caranddriver.com/article.asp?section_id=4&article_id=6738&page_number=4 | dateformat=mdy | accessdate=August 8 2005}} |
|||
* {{cite web | title=Zonda GR | work=7 Extreme Motor Sports | url=http://www.7extrememotorsports.com/lemans/cars/gts-pagani-zonda-gr.htm | dateformat=mdy | accessdate=August 8 2005}} |
|||
* {{cite web | title=Pagani List Cars | work=Fast-Autos | url=http://www.fast-autos.net/pagani/pagani.html | dateformat=mdy | accessdate=August 8 2005}} |
|||
* {{cite web | title=The Zonda GR | work=QV500 | url=http://www.qv500.com/paganizondap4.php | dateformat=mdy | accessdate=August 8 2005}} |
|||
* {{cite journal | title=Space Craft | first=Paul | last=Horrell| journal=[[Motor Trend]] |month=January | year=2006|pages=96–100|volume=58|issue=1}} |
|||
* {{cite journal | title=Horacio's Comet | journal=[[Sports Car International]]|first=Ian|last=Kuah|pages=36–42|issue=March 2006}} |
|||
== External links == |
|||
*[http://www.paganiautomobili.it/ Pagani Automobili] |
|||
[[Category:Roadsters]] |
|||
[[Category:Rear mid-engine, rear-wheel drive vehicles]] |
|||
[[Category:1990s automobiles]] |
|||
[[Category:2000s automobiles]] |
|||
[[Category:Vehicles introduced in 1999]] |
|||
[[da:Pagani Zonda]] |
|||
[[de:Pagani Zonda]] |
|||
[[es:Pagani Zonda]] |
|||
[[fr:Pagani Zonda]] |
|||
[[ka:პაგანი ძონდა]] |
|||
[[nl:Pagani Zonda]] |
|||
[[ja:パガーニ・ゾンダ]] |
|||
[[no:Pagani Zonda]] |
|||
[[pl:Pagani Zonda]] |
|||
[[pt:Pagani Zonda]] |
|||
[[ru:Pagani Zonda]] |
|||
[[sr:Pagani Zonda]] |
|||
[[sh:Pagani Zonda]] |
|||
[[fi:Pagani Zonda]] |
|||
[[sv:Pagani Zonda]] |
|||
Revision as of 11:56, 23 May 2009
 | This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations. (June 2008) |
| Pagani Zonda | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Overview | |
| Manufacturer | Pagani |
| Production | 1999–present 95 produced |
| Body and chassis | |
| Class | Sports car |
| Layout | Rear mid-engine, rear-wheel drive |
| C12 | |
|---|---|
| Overview | |
| Production | 1999–2002 5 produced |
| Body and chassis | |
| Body style | 2-door coupe |
| Powertrain | |
| Engine | 6.0 L Mercedes-Benz V12 408 PS (300 kW/402 hp) 571 N·m (421 ft·lbf) |
| C12 S | |
|---|---|
| Overview | |
| Production | 2001–2002 15 produced |
| Body and chassis | |
| Body style | 2-door coupe 2-door convertible |
| Powertrain | |
| Engine | 7.0 L AMG V12 550 PS (404 kW/543 hp) |
| C12 S 7.3 | |
|---|---|
| Overview | |
| Production | 2002–2005 17 produced |
| Body and chassis | |
| Body style | 2-door coupe 2-door convertible |
| Powertrain | |
| Engine | 7.3 L AMG V12 555 PS (408 kW/547 hp) 750 N·m (553 ft·lbf) |
| C12 F | |
|---|---|
| Overview | |
| Production | 2005–present |
| Body and chassis | |
| Body style | 2-door coupe 2-door convertible |
| Powertrain | |
| Engine | 7.3 L AMG V12 602 PS (443 kW/594 hp) 759 N·m (560 ft·lbf) |
| Transmission | 6-speed manual |
| Dimensions | |
| Wheelbase | Template:Auto mm |
| Length | Template:Auto mm |
| Width | Template:Auto mm |
| Height | Template:Auto mm |
| Curb weight | Template:Auto kg |
The Pagani Zonda is a mid-engined sports car produced by Pagani in Italy. It debuted in 1999 and continues through the present, with production proceeding at roughly 10 cars per year. As of September, 2008, 95 Zondas had been built. Both 2-seat coupe and convertible versions have been produced. Construction is mainly of carbon fibre.
Some early Zonda engineering was done by Formula One champion, Juan Manuel Fangio. The car was originally to be named for him, the "Fangio F1", but the name was changed upon his death in 1995, renamed after an air current above Argentina.
1999 Zonda C12
The C12 debuted at the 1999 Geneva Motor Show. It was powered by a model 190.3344 L Template:Auto cc-cu in Mercedes-Benz M120 V12 engine and could reach speeds of 210 mph (340 km/h). The engine produces Template:Auto PS at 5200 rpm and Template:Auto ftlbf at 3800 rpm.
Just five of the original 6.0 L Zondas were built, though it was still available in 2002 when the C12 S debuted. One was used for crash testing, while another was a demonstrator and show car. The rest were delivered to customers over the next three years, priced at US$320,000.
The C12 could accelerate to 60 mph (97 km/h) in 4.2 seconds and hit 100 mph (160 km/h) in 8.2 seconds. Acceleration through the quarter mile was 12.1 seconds at 124 mph (200 km/h). Lateral acceleration on the skidpad was 0.93 g, and the car could brake from 60 mph (97 km/h) in Template:Ft to m.
2000 Zonda C12 S
The C12 S uses a Template:Auto cc-cu in AMG–tuned version of the engine producing Template:Auto PS. It can accelerate to 60 mph (97 km/h) in 3.7 secs, to 100 mph (160 km/h) in 7.5 secs and complete the quarter mile in 11.3 secs at 131 mph (211 km/h). Lateral acceleration on the skidpad is 1.18 g (11.6 m/s²), the car is Template:Kg to lb lighter than the normal Zonda C12, it can reach a top speed of 220 mph (350 km/h), and carries a price tag of US$350,000.
The C12 S features an elongated nose, flaps at the rear for improved aerodynamics, and new light clusters and exhausts. Only fifteen 7.0 L C12 S cars were produced.
2002 Zonda C12 S 7.3
The Template:Auto cc-cu in C12 S 7.3 of 2002 used one of the largest V12 engines ever made. The engine was designed and manufactured by Mercedes-Benz AMG, where traction control was added to handle the 408 kW (547 hp) and Template:Auto ftlbf that this engine produces. The 7.3 can accelerate from 0 to 60 mph (97 km/h) in less than 3.5 seconds and has a top speed of up to 224 mph (360 km/h) depending on aerodynamic configuration.
A roadster version is also built, with production limited by the company to 40 examples. As of 2005, nine roadsters had been built. According to Road & Track magazine, three more C12 S 7.3 cars had been built as of June, 2005, but it is unclear whether they were roadsters or coupes. Motor Trend reported in their January 2006 issue that 60 Zondas of all types had been built.
2003 Zonda GR
Development of the Zonda GR started in December, 2002. At this stage the Zonda was nearly four years old, but had yet to be entered in major motorsports. Tom Weickardt, owner of American Viperacing, Toine Hezemans, owner of Carsport Holland, and Paul Kumpen, owner of GLPK, created a new company, Carsport Zonda, to build a racing version. They secured exclusive rights to develop, build and sell competition Zondas from Horacio Pagani, and the first GR was completed at Carsport's facility in Modena within months.
The Zonda GR is based on the Zonda C12 S. It was built on the same carbon fiber chassis, with tube frames in front and back. The bodywork was modified to include front and rear diffusers and louvers for improved aerodynamics. The car was Template:M to ft wide, in accordance with the regulations of the FIA and ACO. The car's weight was reduced to Template:Kg to lb, and a new suspension was designed. New wheels and brakes were also specified. The engine was equipped with an enlarged radiator, and the engine and gearbox also have new oil coolers.
The performance of the Zonda GR is well beyond that of the stock car. The car sprints from 0 to 60 mph (97 km/h) in 3.3 seconds and the engine produces around Template:Auto PS at 5800 rpm and Template:Auto ftlbf of torque at 4300 rpm with a redline increased to 7500 rpm. The added power and improved aerodynamics allow the car to hit 215 mph (346 km/h).
C12 S Monza
The Zonda C12 S Monza debuted at the 2004 Paris Motor Show as a track-day version of the Zonda for private use. Borrowing its appearance cues from the Zonda GR, the Monza included many features which could also be applied to other Zonda models. A dry sump engine tuned to 637 PS (more than 440 kW) was used, and the cooling was improved. Modified aerodynamics, including a different wing and front diffuser, allowed greater speed, as did optimized gearing. The car was lighter, with polycarbonate side windows, and an unmuffled exhaust is fitted. The revised interior includes different pedals, steering wheel, and seats, as well as a reinforced roll cage. Larger brakes and a stiffer suspension also improve performance. Finally, an external fire extinguisher is included for safety.
2005 Zonda F (C12 F)
The Zonda C12 F debuted at the 2005 Geneva Motor Show. It is the most extensive reengineering of the Pagani car yet, though it shares much with its predecessors including the 7.3 L V12. Power is increased to Template:Auto PS with a special clubsport model producing Template:Auto PS. The company promises a 3.5 second sprint to 62 mph (100 km/h), a top speed over 215 mph (346 km/h). The Zonda F clubsport has a power to weight ratio of 528 bhp/ton (384 W/kg). An Enzo Ferrari, comparatively, has a power to weight ratio of 483 bhp/ton (356 W/kg).[citation needed]
The top speed can be further tweaked by adjusting the aerodynamic settings. 215 mph (346 km/h) is the car's top speed on the setting for the best handling which provides the most down force but also has the highest drag coefficient. If the aerodynamic settings were adjusted the top speed would be a bit higher. This also seems to be the reason that when EVO Magazine attempted the Pagani Zonda S's top speed on the Autobahn, that they were only able to get the car to 197 mph (317 km/h), as opposed to its claimed top speed of 220 mph (350 km/h). It would make sense that if the car was set up for maximum downforce then its top speed would drop to around 200 mph (320 km/h). Company representatives at Pagani's factory backed up this claim. However, the EVO article claimed that aerodynamic parts, specifically ones which created drag were in fact removed during the run, bringing Pagani's claims into question.
The Zonda F Clubsport held the record for the fastest lap by any production car around the Nürburgring, lapping the Template:Mi to km Nordschleife in 7 minutes 27.82 seconds, beating the previous record holder, the Porsche Carrera GT.[1] It was since surpassed by the 2009 Corvette ZR1 on 7 June 2008, with a time of 7 minutes 26.4 seconds.[2]
With Marc Basseng at the wheel the Zonda F CS has set a new time around the Nürburgring, lapping the Template:Mi to km Nordschleife in 7:24.7 now only surpassed by the Maserati MC12 which set a time of 7:24.3.[citation needed]
Production of the Zonda F will be limited to 25 cars, still not US compatible. The next model (codenamed C9), due to be unveiled in 2009, will be fully EPA/DOT compatible.
The Zonda F, named after F1 driver Juan Manuel Fangio, comes with an extra head light and different fog lights at the sides, new bodywork (revised front end, new rear spoiler, more aerodynamic vents all around) that improves the cars aerodynamics and different side mirrors. Further enhancements over the 'S' centre around optional carbon/ceramic brakes developed in conjunction with Brembo, magnesium wheels, inconel titanium exhaust system, hydroformed aluminum intake plenum and a redesigned 'Z preg' weave in the crash structure to improve rigidity and reduce weight.
Zonda Roadster F
The Zonda Roadster F debuted at the 2006 Geneva show. It is similar to the coupe, but with a removable carbon fibre roof and canvas side curtains weighing just Template:Kg to lb. Production of the Roadster F is suggested at 25 units.
The Roadster F is able to maintain chassis rigidity without any gain in curb weight by eschewing conventional thinking by not strengthening the sills - a process which would have needed more than Template:Kg to lb of reinforcement. Pagani instead uses racing car thinking, materials and construction techniques, strengthening the firewall structure of the chassis tub together with billet alloy braces that connect the points where the roof rails would have joined. The windscreen is also strengthened for safety reasons. These techniques enable the Roadster to have virtually the same weight as the coupe, Template:Kg to lb.[3]
The Zonda Roadster F was tested by Top Gear and achieved a lap time around their test track of 1:17.8 besting the Bugatti Veyron 16.4 also tested during the same episode.
Zonda R Clubsport
| R Clubsport | |
|---|---|
| Overview | |
| Production | 2009–present |
| Body and chassis | |
| Body style | 2-door coupe |
| Powertrain | |
| Engine | 7.3 L AMG V12 739 hp @8000 rpm 523 ft·lbf torque |
| Transmission | 6-speed sequential manual |
The R Clubsport was debuted at the Geneva Motor Show 2007, still using the 7.3 litre V12 sourced from AMG by Mercedes-Benz.[4] The R Clubsport's competition lies with track-biased cars such as the Ferrari FXX and Maserati MC12 Corsa rather than the original Zonda's road competitors. It is thought, therefore, that like the FXX and some models of the MC12, the R CS will not be road-homologated. Since it is likely that the car will be ineligible under FIA regulations for almost any form of organized racing, the car is essentially relegated to privateer racing in nonstandard series and the owner's private track time, much like customer versions of the MC12. For comparison the FXX, which has its own race-series, is also neither road nor race homologated, and is not even delivered to the owner, instead being 'made available' by Ferrari at specified events. The Pagani-designed race-models are also far more proven and targeted racecars, so it is unlikely that even heavily-modified R CSs will compete in formal racing.
Despite sharing much of the Zonda's shape, the R CS is almost entirely new, sharing only 10% of the Zonda F's components. It has been obliquely suggested by Horacio Pagani that this car is a testbed chassis for certain components of the Zonda's replacement (in the same vein as the Ferrari 288 GTO Evoluzione and the successive F40) and that the R CS accurately reflects some of the Zonda's successor's features.
Chassis The central carbon chassis incorporates a roll cage and a rubber racing fuel cell with 4 fuel pumps and quick refuel filler cap, similar to GT race cars. The wheelbase has been increased by Template:Auto mm to increase stability. The front and rear subframes are brand-new, built to accommodate new suspension geometry, and produced in Avional. The slick-shod wheels are new forged-magnesium centre-lock models, which in conjunction with on-board pneumatic airjacks (again, like the FXX) allow rapid change of the entire wheel assemblies.
The car senses, displays and logs information about the amount of downforce that is generated at each wheel at all times. It is thought that this system will enable owners to adjust set-up according to track conditions and to improve their cornering technique.
Bodywork In addition to the wheelbase increase (47 mm), overall length has increased by Template:Auto mm and track by Template:Auto mm. The bodywork and aerodynamics have been altered to offer maximum downforce, featuring a longer front bonnet with flaps, a closed underbody and a new rear overhang with adjustable rear wing and race-derived diffuser. These are intended to translate into increased aerodynamic efficiency and downforce for maximum cornering speed. It is also noted that the car's new rear bodywork is minimal in the extreme, being composed mostly of vent. This is thought to be symptomatic of the need to keep the engine cool enough, even under hard track use. Again, this is similar to the gutted bodywork of the Ferrari Evoluzione.
Engine Output has increased to Template:Auto bhp at 8000 rpm and Template:Auto ftlbf of torque. A lightweight carbon fibre high performance intake system, racing multiple disc sintered clutch and Formula 1-style exhaust system, hydroformed in Inconel 625 and ceramic coated for optimal heat dissipation, have been added. The engine is combined with a 6-speed transverse-mounted manual sequential synchronized gearbox.
Interior The car's interior is spartan reflecting the car's racetrack aspirations and intended home, and features bespoke seats, customized to the driver to offer maximum support. As before, the Digitek instrumentation provides essential information and the sophisticated telemetry allows a variety of sensors to monitor numerous aspects of the car.
Cost The R Clubsport, as a final, specialized run-out model, is expected to cost in excess of US$1.2 million.
Zonda Cinque
| Cinque | |
|---|---|
| Overview | |
| Production | 2008-2009 |
| Body and chassis | |
| Body style | 2-door coupe |
| Powertrain | |
| Engine | 7.3 L AMG V12 678 hp @6400 rpm 575 ft·lbf torque |
| Transmission | 6-speed sequential manual |
The final Zonda in its current form is a combination of the Zonda F and Zonda R to create a road going track day car.
Built at the repeated request of the Hong Kong based Pagani dealer, SPS Automotive Performance, only 5 will be built at the cost of £1million with deliveries expected by June 2009 for all 5 cars.
The differences over other road going Zondas are a new clutchless sequential gearchange resulting in shifts now taking less than 100 milliseconds dropping 0-62mph down to 3.4 seconds, the Cinque (pronounced chin-kway) also has a revised form of carbon fibre which uses titanium to increase strength, suspension will make use of magnesium and titanium components and the engines power has been increased to 678 bhp (506 kW), revised bodywork now creates 750 kg (1,653 lb) of downforce at 300 km/h (186 mph), the Cinque is capable of generating 1.45g of cornering force.
2009/2010 Pagani Project C9
The Zonda successor, initially referred to as the Zonda R, is believed to have larger air intakes and a wider front grille. According to EVO, this new Pagani supercar will feature a M275 AMG twin turbo V12 along with a brand new sequential gearbox provided by ZF.[citation needed]
Gallery
-
Pagani Zonda F engine -
Pagani Zonda -
Pagani Zonda Roadster
2.jpg)
Notes
- ^ EVO - Pagani sets 'Ring record
- ^ Corvette ZR1 Laps Nurburgring In 7:26.4
- ^ Further information and photos
- ^ Tom Stewart (2007-03-08). "Visitor's guide". Revue Automobile. Retrieved 2008-03-12.
References
- "First Drive: Pagani Zonda C12S". Motor Trend. Retrieved April 19 2005.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|accessdate=(help); Unknown parameter|dateformat=ignored (help) - "The Supercar, not the sandwich". Car and Driver. Retrieved April 19 2005.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|accessdate=(help); Unknown parameter|dateformat=ignored (help) - "Topless Exotics". Road & Track. Retrieved June 13 2005.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|accessdate=(help); Unknown parameter|dateformat=ignored (help) - "Pagani Zonda Official Site". PaganiAutomobili. Retrieved July 12 2006.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|accessdate=(help); Unknown parameter|dateformat=ignored (help) - "5 Nubile Notables". Car&Driver. Retrieved August 8 2005.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|accessdate=(help); Unknown parameter|dateformat=ignored (help) - "Zonda GR". 7 Extreme Motor Sports. Retrieved August 8 2005.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|accessdate=(help); Unknown parameter|dateformat=ignored (help) - "Pagani List Cars". Fast-Autos. Retrieved August 8 2005.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|accessdate=(help); Unknown parameter|dateformat=ignored (help) - "The Zonda GR". QV500. Retrieved August 8 2005.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|accessdate=(help); Unknown parameter|dateformat=ignored (help) - Horrell, Paul (2006). "Space Craft". Motor Trend. 58 (1): 96–100.
{{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter|month=ignored (help) - Kuah, Ian. "Horacio's Comet". Sports Car International (March 2006): 36–42.
External links
