Jump to content

Common Desktop Environment: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous edit
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
Vannura (talk | contribs)
66 edits
mNo edit summary
 
(16 intermediate revisions by 13 users not shown)
Line 10: Line 10:
| developer = CDE Project (modern)
| developer = CDE Project (modern)
| released = {{Start date and age|1993|06}}
| released = {{Start date and age|1993|06}}
| latest release version = 2.5.2<ref>{{cite web | url=https://sourceforge.net/p/cdesktopenv/code/ci/master/tree/cde/HISTORY | title=CDE - Common Desktop Environment / Code / &#91;ca84b1&#93; /Cde/HISTORY }}</ref>
| latest_release_version = 2.4.0
| latest release date = {{Start date and age|2023|11|18}}
⚫
| latest_release_date = {{start date and age|2021|07|03}}<ref name="src">{{Cite web | url = https://sourceforge.net/projects/cdesktopenv/files/src/ | title = CDE - Common Desktop Environment - Browse _src at SourceForge.net | access-date = November 18, 2021}}</ref>
| latest preview version = {{wikidata|property|preferred|references|edit|Q49417|P348|P548=Q51930650}}
| latest preview date = {{wikidata|qualifier|preferred|single|Q49417|P348|P548=Q51930650|P577}}
| programming language = C, C++
| programming language = C, C++
| operating_system = [[Unix]], [[Unix-like]], [[OpenVMS]]
| operating_system = [[Unix]], [[Unix-like]], [[OpenVMS]]
⚫
| size = 54.9 MB (source code)<ref name="src">{{Cite web | url = https://sourceforge.net/projects/cdesktopenv/files/src/ | title = CDE - Common Desktop Environment - Browse _src at SourceForge.net | access-date = November 18, 2021 | archive-date = November 18, 2021 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20211118034216/https://sourceforge.net/projects/cdesktopenv/files/src/ | url-status = live }}</ref>
| size = 58.8 MB (source code)<ref name="src"/>
| language = English, Chinese, French, German, Greek, Japanese, Italian, Korean, Spanish, Swedish
| language = English, Chinese, French, German, Greek, Japanese, Italian, Korean, Spanish, Swedish
| genre = [[Desktop environment]]
| genre = [[Desktop environment]]
Line 21: Line 23:
}}
}}


The '''Common Desktop Environment''' ('''CDE''') is a [[desktop environment]] for [[Unix]] and [[OpenVMS]], based on the [[Motif (software)|Motif widget toolkit]]. It was part of the [[UNIX 98|UNIX 98 Workstation Product Standard]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.opengroup.org/openbrand/testing/prodstds.htm|title=Testing requirements by Product Standard|publisher=The Open Group|date=January 31, 2013|access-date=September 29, 2013}}</ref> and was for a long time the Unix desktop associated with commercial Unix [[workstation]]s.
The '''Common Desktop Environment''' ('''CDE''') is a [[desktop environment]] for [[Unix]] and [[OpenVMS]], based on the [[Motif (software)|Motif widget toolkit]]. It was part of the [[UNIX 98|UNIX 98 Workstation Product Standard]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.opengroup.org/openbrand/testing/prodstds.htm|title=Testing requirements by Product Standard|publisher=The Open Group|date=January 31, 2013|access-date=September 29, 2013|archive-date=September 28, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130928064133/http://www.opengroup.org/openbrand/testing/prodstds.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> and was for a long time the Unix desktop associated with commercial Unix [[workstation]]s. It helped to influence early implementations of successor projects such as [[KDE]] and [[GNOME]], which largely replaced CDE following the turn of the century.


After a long history as [[proprietary software]], CDE was released as [[free software]] on August 6, 2012, under the [[GNU Lesser General Public License]], version 2.0 or later.<ref name="osnews2012-08-06">
After a long history as [[proprietary software]], CDE was released as [[free software]] on August 6, 2012, under the [[GNU Lesser General Public License]], version 2.0 or later.<ref name="osnews2012-08-06">{{cite web
{{cite web
|url = http://www.osnews.com/story/26247/CDE_released_as_open_source
|url = http://www.osnews.com/story/26247/CDE_released_as_open_source
|title = CDE released as open source
|title = CDE released as open source
|publisher=OSNews
|publisher = OSNews
|author=Thom Holwerda
|author = Thom Holwerda
|access-date = August 6, 2012
|access-date = August 6, 2012
|archive-date = August 8, 2012
⚫
}}</ref> Since its release as free software, CDE has been ported to [[Linux]] and [[BSD]] derivatives.
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120808184128/http://www.osnews.com/story/26247/CDE_released_as_open_source
|url-status = live
⚫
}}</ref> Since its release as free software, CDE has been ported to [[Linux]] and [[BSD]] derivatives.


== History ==
== History ==
Line 40: Line 44:
* USL provided desktop manager components and scalable systems technologies from [[UNIX System V]].
* USL provided desktop manager components and scalable systems technologies from [[UNIX System V]].


After its release, HP endorsed CDE as the new standard desktop for Unix, and provided documentation and software for migrating HP VUE customizations to CDE.<ref>{{cite journal | url=http://www.hpl.hp.com/hpjournal/96apr/apr96a4.pdf | title=Migrating HP VUE Desktop Customizations to CDE | first1=Molly | last1=Joy | journal=Hewlett-Packard Journal | volume=47 | issue=2 | date=August 1996 | access-date=August 19, 2014 | pages=29–37 }}</ref>
After its release, HP endorsed CDE as the new standard desktop for Unix, and provided documentation and software for migrating HP VUE customizations to CDE.<ref>{{cite journal | url=http://www.hpl.hp.com/hpjournal/96apr/apr96a4.pdf | title=Migrating HP VUE Desktop Customizations to CDE | first1=Molly | last1=Joy | journal=Hewlett-Packard Journal | volume=47 | issue=2 | date=August 1996 | access-date=August 19, 2014 | pages=29–37 | archive-date=August 21, 2014 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140821022858/http://www.hpl.hp.com/hpjournal/96apr/apr96a4.pdf | url-status=live }}</ref>


In March 1994 CDE became the responsibility of the "new OSF", a merger of the [[Open Software Foundation]] and [[Unix International]];<ref>
In March 1994 CDE became the responsibility of the "new OSF", a merger of the [[Open Software Foundation]] and [[Unix International]];<ref>{{cite press release
{{cite press release
|publisher = AT&T Global Information Systems, Digital Equipment Corporation, Hewlett-Packard Company, IBM Corporation, SunSoft Incorporated, et al.
|publisher = AT&T Global Information Systems, Digital Equipment Corporation, Hewlett-Packard Company, IBM Corporation, SunSoft Incorporated, et al.
|date = March 23, 1994
|date = March 23, 1994
Line 49: Line 52:
|title = Leading Vendors Unify to Accelerate Open Systems
|title = Leading Vendors Unify to Accelerate Open Systems
|access-date = May 15, 2008
|access-date = May 15, 2008
|archive-date = March 13, 2007
}}
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070313005228/http://groups.google.com/group/comp.unix.osf.misc/msg/4ebc895ff10823f1
⚫
</ref>
|url-status = live
⚫
}}</ref>
in September 1995, the merger of Motif and CDE into a single project, CDE/Motif, was announced.<ref>{{cite press release
in September 1995, the merger of Motif and CDE into a single project, CDE/Motif, was announced.<ref>{{cite press release
|publisher = Open Software Foundation
|publisher = Open Software Foundation
Line 57: Line 62:
|title = OSF Announces Formal Launch of CDE/Motif Project
|title = OSF Announces Formal Launch of CDE/Motif Project
|access-date = May 15, 2008
|access-date = May 15, 2008
|archive-date = February 18, 2012
⚫
}}</ref> OSF became part of the newly formed [[Open Group]] in 1996.<ref>{{cite press release
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120218131945/http://groups.google.com/group/cu.motif-talk/msg/9935c0cb91e254fd
|url-status = live
⚫
}}</ref> OSF became part of the newly formed [[Open Group]] in 1996.<ref>{{cite press release
|url = http://www.rdg.opengroup.org/public/news/feb96/merge.htm
|url = http://www.rdg.opengroup.org/public/news/feb96/merge.htm
|title = X/Open and OSF Join to Create The Open Group
|title = X/Open and OSF Join to Create The Open Group
Line 68: Line 76:
}}</ref>
}}</ref>


In February 1997, the Open Group released their last major version of CDE, version 2.1.<ref>TOG Press Release: [http://www.opengroup.org/desktop/Press_Releases/cde2.1ga.htm The Open Group Announces Common Desktop Environment 2.1]</ref>
In February 1997, the Open Group released their last major version of CDE, version 2.1.<ref>TOG Press Release: [http://www.opengroup.org/desktop/Press_Releases/cde2.1ga.htm The Open Group Announces Common Desktop Environment 2.1] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304054210/http://www.opengroup.org/desktop/Press_Releases/cde2.1ga.htm |date=March 4, 2016 }}</ref>


[[Red Hat Linux]] was the only Linux distribution that proprietary CDE was ported to. In 1997, Red Hat began offering a version of CDE licensed from [[TriTeal Corporation]]. In 1998, [[Xi Graphics]], a company specializing in the X Windowing System, offered a version of CDE bundled with Red Hat Linux, called ''Xi Graphics maXimum cde/OS''. These were phased out, and Red Hat moved to the [[GNOME]] desktop.
[[Red Hat Linux]] was the only Linux distribution that proprietary CDE was ported to. In 1997, Red Hat began offering a version of CDE licensed from [[TriTeal Corporation]]. In 1998, [[Xi Graphics]], a company specializing in the X Windowing System, offered a version of CDE bundled with Red Hat Linux, called ''Xi Graphics maXimum cde/OS''. These were phased out, and Red Hat moved to the [[GNOME]] desktop.
Line 86: Line 94:
|access-date = 2018-11-23
|access-date = 2018-11-23
|work = Oracle Technology Network
|work = Oracle Technology Network
|archive-date = November 24, 2018
⚫
}}</ref>
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20181124060740/https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/systems/end-of-notices/eonsolaris11-392732.html#11.4
|url-status = live
}}</ref>


=== Systems that provided proprietary CDE ===
=== Systems that provided proprietary CDE ===
* [[IBM AIX]]
* [[IBM AIX]]
* [[Digital UNIX]]
* [[Digital UNIX]]
* [[HP-UX]]: from version 10.10, released in 1996.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.unixguide.net/hp/faq/3.3.shtml|title=HP-UX, FAQ: What is the release history of HP-UX?|website=unixguide.net}}</ref>
* [[HP-UX]]: from version 10.10, released in 1996.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.unixguide.net/hp/faq/3.3.shtml|title=HP-UX, FAQ: What is the release history of HP-UX?|website=unixguide.net|access-date=February 8, 2012|archive-date=March 21, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120321214703/http://unixguide.net/hp/faq/3.3.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref>
* [[IRIX]]: for a short time CDE was an alternative to [[IRIX Interactive Desktop]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://techpubs.sgi.com/library/tpl/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?coll=0650&db=relnotes&fname=%2Fusr%2Frelnotes%2Fcde |title=IRIX 6.5 Release Notes for CDE |access-date=July 7, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160119183005/http://techpubs.sgi.com/library/tpl/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?coll=0650&db=relnotes&fname=%2Fusr%2Frelnotes%2Fcde |archive-date=January 19, 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* [[IRIX]]: for a short time CDE was an alternative to [[IRIX Interactive Desktop]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://techpubs.sgi.com/library/tpl/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?coll=0650&db=relnotes&fname=%2Fusr%2Frelnotes%2Fcde |title=IRIX 6.5 Release Notes for CDE |access-date=July 7, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160119183005/http://techpubs.sgi.com/library/tpl/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?coll=0650&db=relnotes&fname=%2Fusr%2Frelnotes%2Fcde |archive-date=January 19, 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* [[OpenVMS]]: available in OpenVMS Alpha V7.1 and onwards,<ref name="vaxmacro-release">{{cite web|url= http://www.vaxmacro.de/vvo.html|title=(Open)VMS(/ VAX), Version overview}}</ref> referred to as the "DECWindows Motif New Desktop"<ref>{{cite web|url=http://h30266.www3.hpe.com/odl/vax/office/dwmot126/vmsdw126/GettingStarted/getting_started.html|title=Getting Started With the New Desktop}}</ref>
* [[OpenVMS]]: available in OpenVMS Alpha V7.1 and onwards,<ref name="vaxmacro-release">{{cite web|url= http://www.vaxmacro.de/vvo.html|title= (Open)VMS(/ VAX), Version overview|access-date= October 20, 2020|archive-date= October 22, 2020|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20201022122158/http://www.vaxmacro.de/vvo.html|url-status= live}}</ref> referred to as the "DECWindows Motif New Desktop"<ref>{{cite web|url=http://h30266.www3.hpe.com/odl/vax/office/dwmot126/vmsdw126/GettingStarted/getting_started.html|title=Getting Started With the New Desktop|access-date=October 20, 2020|archive-date=December 4, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201204205549/http://h30266.www3.hpe.com/odl/vax/office/dwmot126/vmsdw126/GettingStarted/getting_started.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
* [[Solaris (operating system)|Solaris]]: available starting with 2.3, standard in 2.6 to 10.
* [[Solaris (operating system)|Solaris]]: available starting with 2.3, standard in 2.6 to 10.
* [[Tru64 UNIX]]
* [[Tru64 UNIX]]
* [[UnixWare]]
* [[UnixWare]]
* [[UXP/DS]]
* [[UXP/DS]]
* [[Red Hat Linux]]: Two versions ported by Triteal<ref>{{cite magazine|title=It's Here! Red Hat's TriTeal CDE, Full-Featured Unix Desktop For Linux|url=http://www.eetimes.com/document.asp?doc_id=1210662|magazine=EE Times|access-date=October 30, 2015}}</ref> and Xi Graphics<ref>{{cite web|title=DeXtop(TM) CDE Makes Big Splash in Linux Industry; Xi Graphics Inc. Releases Standardized GUI for Linux|url=http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/dextoptm-cde-makes-big-splash-in-linux-industry-xi-graphics-inc-releases-standardized-gui-for-linux-72233677.html|publisher=PRNewswire|access-date=October 30, 2015}}</ref>
* [[Red Hat Linux]]: Two versions ported by Triteal<ref>{{cite magazine|title=It's Here! Red Hat's TriTeal CDE, Full-Featured Unix Desktop For Linux|url=http://www.eetimes.com/document.asp?doc_id=1210662|magazine=EE Times|access-date=October 30, 2015|archive-date=May 25, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180525132648/https://www.eetimes.com/document.asp?doc_id=1210662|url-status=live}}</ref> and Xi Graphics<ref>{{cite web|title=DeXtop(TM) CDE Makes Big Splash in Linux Industry; Xi Graphics Inc. Releases Standardized GUI for Linux|url=http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/dextoptm-cde-makes-big-splash-in-linux-industry-xi-graphics-inc-releases-standardized-gui-for-linux-72233677.html|publisher=PRNewswire|access-date=October 30, 2015|archive-date=March 4, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304054255/http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/dextoptm-cde-makes-big-splash-in-linux-industry-xi-graphics-inc-releases-standardized-gui-for-linux-72233677.html|url-status=live}}</ref>


== License history ==
== License history ==
Line 109: Line 120:
|date = July 13, 2004
|date = July 13, 2004
|publisher = The Open Group
|publisher = The Open Group
|archive-date = January 30, 2012
⚫
}}</ref>
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120130181327/http://www.opengroup.org/openmotif/faq.html
|url-status = live
⚫
}}</ref>


=== Release under the GNU LGPL ===
=== Release under the GNU LGPL ===
Line 117: Line 131:
|access-date = November 30, 2007
|access-date = November 30, 2007
|author = Peter Howkins
|author = Peter Howkins
|archive-date = January 10, 2008
⚫
}}</ref> On August 6, 2012, CDE was released under the [[GNU Lesser General Public License|LGPL-2.0-or-later]] license.<ref name=osnews2012-08-06/><ref>
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080110015238/http://www.marutan.net/cde/
{{cite web
|url-status = live
⚫
}}</ref> On August 6, 2012, CDE was released under the [[GNU Lesser General Public License|LGPL-2.0-or-later]] license.<ref name=osnews2012-08-06/><ref>{{cite web
|url = http://blog.opengroup.org/2012/09/27/how-the-operating-system-got-graphical/
|url = http://blog.opengroup.org/2012/09/27/how-the-operating-system-got-graphical/
|title = How the Operating System Got Graphical
|title = How the Operating System Got Graphical
|publisher= The Open Group
|publisher = The Open Group
|author= Dave Lounsbury
|author = Dave Lounsbury
|date = September 27, 2012
|date = September 27, 2012
|access-date = September 27, 2012
|access-date = September 27, 2012
|archive-date = November 27, 2012
⚫
}}</ref> The CDE source code was then released to [[SourceForge]].
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20121127031754/http://blog.opengroup.org/2012/09/27/how-the-operating-system-got-graphical/
|url-status = live
⚫
}}</ref> The CDE source code was then released to [[SourceForge]].


The free software project OpenCDE had been started in 2010 to reproduce the [[look and feel]], organization, and feature set of CDE.<ref>
The free software project OpenCDE had been started in 2010 to reproduce the [[look and feel]], organization, and feature set of CDE.<ref>
Line 138: Line 157:
}}</ref> In August 2012, when CDE was released as free software, OpenCDE was officially deprecated in favor of CDE.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://devio.us/~kpedersen/forums/viewtopic.php?id=1293|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121124230739/http://devio.us/~kpedersen/forums/viewtopic.php?id=1293|url-status=dead|archive-date=November 24, 2012|title=CDE Open Sourced!|author=woomia|work=OpenCDE Forums|date=August 6, 2012|quote=With this, OpenCDE is officially deprecated. Feel free to make a fork of it if you wish.}}</ref>
}}</ref> In August 2012, when CDE was released as free software, OpenCDE was officially deprecated in favor of CDE.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://devio.us/~kpedersen/forums/viewtopic.php?id=1293|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121124230739/http://devio.us/~kpedersen/forums/viewtopic.php?id=1293|url-status=dead|archive-date=November 24, 2012|title=CDE Open Sourced!|author=woomia|work=OpenCDE Forums|date=August 6, 2012|quote=With this, OpenCDE is officially deprecated. Feel free to make a fork of it if you wish.}}</ref>


On October 23, 2012, the Motif widget toolkit was also released under the [[GNU Lesser General Public License|LGPL-2.1-or-later]] license.<ref>{{cite web|title = ICS MotifZone|url = http://motif.ics.com/|date=October 2012|access-date=November 2, 2017}}</ref> This allowed CDE to become a completely free and open source desktop environment.
On October 23, 2012, the Motif widget toolkit was also released under the [[GNU Lesser General Public License|LGPL-2.1-or-later]] license.<ref>{{cite web|title = ICS MotifZone|url = http://motif.ics.com/|date = October 2012|access-date = November 2, 2017|archive-date = October 5, 2012|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20121005160251/http://motif.ics.com/|url-status = live}}</ref> This allowed CDE to become a completely free and open source desktop environment.


Shortly after CDE was released as free software, a Linux [[live CD]] was created based on [[Debian]] 6 with CDE 2.2.0c pre-installed, called CDEbian.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.vecchiomago.net/index.php?mod=read&id=1359614669| title=VecchiomagoPuntoNet: CDEbian 0.7| date=January 31, 2013| access-date=January 6, 2016}}</ref> The live CD has since been discontinued.
Shortly after CDE was released as free software, a Linux [[live CD]] was created based on [[Debian]] 6 with CDE 2.2.0c pre-installed, called CDEbian.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.vecchiomago.net/index.php?mod=read&id=1359614669| title=VecchiomagoPuntoNet: CDEbian 0.7| date=January 31, 2013| access-date=January 6, 2016| archive-date=March 4, 2016| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304044107/http://www.vecchiomago.net/index.php?mod=read&id=1359614669| url-status=live}}</ref> The live CD has since been discontinued.


The Debian-based Linux distribution [[SparkyLinux]]<ref>{{cite web| url=https://sparkylinux.org/cde-common-desktop-environment/| title=SparkyLinux: CDE – Common Desktop Environment| date=September 5, 2016| access-date=July 14, 2018| archive-date=July 14, 2018| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180714135316/https://sparkylinux.org/cde-common-desktop-environment/| url-status=live}}</ref> offers binary packages of CDE that can be installed with APT. As of March 2023, CDE is also included in the NuTyX GNU/Linux distribution which offers an ISO download image with it,<ref>{{cite web |title=NuTyX GNU/Linux Downloads |url=https://www.nutyx.org/en/downloads |website=NuTyX GNU/Linux |access-date=2 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230301234552/https://www.nutyx.org/en/downloads |archive-date=1 March 2023 |language=English |url-status=live}}</ref> in FreeBSD<ref>{{cite web |title=FreshPorts -- x11/cde: Common Desktop Environment |url=https://www.freshports.org/x11/cde/ |website=FreshPorts |access-date=2 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221204175403/https://www.freshports.org/x11/cde/ |archive-date=4 December 2022 |language=English |url-status=live}}</ref> and in source form in [[pkgsrc]]<ref>{{cite web |title=pkgsrc.se The NetBSD package collection |url=https://pkgsrc.se/wm/cde |website=pkgsrc.se |access-date=2 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230302190127/https://pkgsrc.se/wm/cde |archive-date=2 March 2023 |language=English |url-status=live}}</ref> which is the default package manager of NetBSD.
The Debian-based Linux distribution [[SparkyLinux]]<ref>{{cite web| url=https://sparkylinux.org/cde-common-desktop-environment/| title=SparkyLinux: CDE – Common Desktop Environment| date=September 5, 2016}}</ref> offers binary packages of CDE that can be installed with APT.


== Development under CDE project ==
== Development under CDE project ==
In March 2014, the first stable release of CDE, version 2.2.1, was made since its release as free software.<ref>{{cite mailing list |last=Trulson |first=Jon |title=CDE 2.2.1 released |publisher=cdesktopenv-devel |date=March 1, 2014 |url=http://sourceforge.net/p/cdesktopenv/mailman/message/32043063/ |access-date=March 5, 2014}}</ref>
In March 2014, the first stable release of CDE, version 2.2.1, was made since its release as free software.<ref>{{cite mailing list |last=Trulson |first=Jon |title=CDE 2.2.1 released |publisher=cdesktopenv-devel |date=March 1, 2014 |url=http://sourceforge.net/p/cdesktopenv/mailman/message/32043063/ |access-date=March 5, 2014 |archive-date=March 5, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140305093049/http://sourceforge.net/p/cdesktopenv/mailman/message/32043063/ |url-status=live }}</ref>


Beginning with version 2.2.2, released in July 2014, CDE is able to compile under FreeBSD 10 with the default [[Clang]] [[compiler]].<ref>{{cite mailing list |last=Trulson |first=Jon |title=CDE 2.2.2 released |publisher=cdesktopenv-devel |date=July 27, 2014 |url=http://sourceforge.net/p/cdesktopenv/mailman/message/32654428/ |access-date=July 27, 2014}}</ref>
Beginning with version 2.2.2, released in July 2014, CDE is able to compile under FreeBSD 10 with the default [[Clang]] [[compiler]].<ref>{{cite mailing list |last=Trulson |first=Jon |title=CDE 2.2.2 released |publisher=cdesktopenv-devel |date=July 27, 2014 |url=http://sourceforge.net/p/cdesktopenv/mailman/message/32654428/ |access-date=July 27, 2014 |archive-date=August 1, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140801032559/http://sourceforge.net/p/cdesktopenv/mailman/message/32654428/ |url-status=live }}</ref>


Since version 2.3.0, released in July 2018, CDE uses TIRPC on Linux, so that the portmapper rpcbind does not need to be run in insecure mode. It does not use Xprint anymore, and can be compiled on the BSDs without installing first a custom version of Motif. Multihead display support with [[Xinerama]] has been improved.
Since version 2.3.0, released in July 2018, CDE uses TIRPC on Linux, so that the portmapper rpcbind does not need to be run in insecure mode. It does not use Xprint anymore, and can be compiled on the BSDs without installing first a custom version of Motif. Multihead display support with [[Xinerama]] has been improved.


Since its release as free software, CDE has been ported to:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://sourceforge.net/p/cdesktopenv/wiki/Home/|title=Common Desktop Environment: Wiki|access-date=January 6, 2015}}</ref>
Since its release as free software, CDE has been ported to:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://sourceforge.net/p/cdesktopenv/wiki/Home/|title=Common Desktop Environment: Wiki|access-date=January 6, 2015|archive-date=December 16, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141216095839/http://sourceforge.net/p/cdesktopenv/wiki/Home/|url-status=live}}</ref>


* [[Linux distribution]]s including:
* [[Linux distribution]]s including:

Latest revision as of 08:22, 26 February 2024

Common Desktop Environment
Original author(s)The Open Group
Developer(s)CDE Project (modern)
Initial releaseJune 1993; 31 years ago (1993-06)
Stable release
2.5.2[1] / November 18, 2023; 11 months ago (2023-11-18)
Repository
Written inC, C++
Operating systemUnix, Unix-like, OpenVMS
Size54.9 MB (source code)[2]
Available inEnglish, Chinese, French, German, Greek, Japanese, Italian, Korean, Spanish, Swedish
TypeDesktop environment
License2012: LGPL-2.0-or-later
Original: Proprietary
Websitesourceforge.net/projects/cdesktopenv/

The Common Desktop Environment (CDE) is a desktop environment for Unix and OpenVMS, based on the Motif widget toolkit. It was part of the UNIX 98 Workstation Product Standard,[3] and was for a long time the Unix desktop associated with commercial Unix workstations. It helped to influence early implementations of successor projects such as KDE and GNOME, which largely replaced CDE following the turn of the century.

After a long history as proprietary software, CDE was released as free software on August 6, 2012, under the GNU Lesser General Public License, version 2.0 or later.[4] Since its release as free software, CDE has been ported to Linux and BSD derivatives.

History

[edit]

Hewlett-Packard, IBM, SunSoft, and USL announced CDE in June 1993 as a joint development within the Common Open Software Environment (COSE) initiative. Each development group contributed its own technology to CDE:[5]

After its release, HP endorsed CDE as the new standard desktop for Unix, and provided documentation and software for migrating HP VUE customizations to CDE.[6]

In March 1994 CDE became the responsibility of the "new OSF", a merger of the Open Software Foundation and Unix International;[7] in September 1995, the merger of Motif and CDE into a single project, CDE/Motif, was announced.[8] OSF became part of the newly formed Open Group in 1996.[9]

In February 1997, the Open Group released their last major version of CDE, version 2.1.[10]

Red Hat Linux was the only Linux distribution that proprietary CDE was ported to. In 1997, Red Hat began offering a version of CDE licensed from TriTeal Corporation. In 1998, Xi Graphics, a company specializing in the X Windowing System, offered a version of CDE bundled with Red Hat Linux, called Xi Graphics maXimum cde/OS. These were phased out, and Red Hat moved to the GNOME desktop.

Until about 2000, users of Unix desktops regarded CDE as the de facto standard, but at that time, other desktop environments such as GNOME and K Desktop Environment 2 were quickly becoming mature, and became widespread on Linux systems.

In 2001, Sun Microsystems announced that they would phase out CDE as the standard desktop environment in Solaris in favor of GNOME. Solaris 10, released in early 2005, includes both CDE and the GNOME-based Java Desktop System. The OpenSolaris project, begun around the same time, did not include CDE, and had no intent to make Solaris CDE available as open-source.[11] The original release of Solaris 11 in November 2011 only contained GNOME as standard desktop, though some CDE libraries, such as Motif and ToolTalk, remained for binary compatibility but Oracle Solaris 11.4, released in August 2018, removed support for the CDE runtime environment and background services.[12]

Systems that provided proprietary CDE

[edit]

License history

[edit]

From its launch until 2012, CDE was proprietary software.

Motif, the toolkit on which CDE is built, was released by The Open Group in 2000 as "Open Motif," under a "revenue sharing" license. That license did not meet either the open source or free software definitions. The Open Group had wished to make Motif open source, but did not succeed doing so at that time.[19]

Release under the GNU LGPL

[edit]

In 2006, a petition was created asking The Open Group to release the source code for CDE and Motif under a free license.[20] On August 6, 2012, CDE was released under the LGPL-2.0-or-later license.[4][21] The CDE source code was then released to SourceForge.

The free software project OpenCDE had been started in 2010 to reproduce the look and feel, organization, and feature set of CDE.[22] In August 2012, when CDE was released as free software, OpenCDE was officially deprecated in favor of CDE.[23]

On October 23, 2012, the Motif widget toolkit was also released under the LGPL-2.1-or-later license.[24] This allowed CDE to become a completely free and open source desktop environment.

Shortly after CDE was released as free software, a Linux live CD was created based on Debian 6 with CDE 2.2.0c pre-installed, called CDEbian.[25] The live CD has since been discontinued.

The Debian-based Linux distribution SparkyLinux[26] offers binary packages of CDE that can be installed with APT. As of March 2023, CDE is also included in the NuTyX GNU/Linux distribution which offers an ISO download image with it,[27] in FreeBSD[28] and in source form in pkgsrc[29] which is the default package manager of NetBSD.

Development under CDE project

[edit]

In March 2014, the first stable release of CDE, version 2.2.1, was made since its release as free software.[30]

Beginning with version 2.2.2, released in July 2014, CDE is able to compile under FreeBSD 10 with the default Clang compiler.[31]

Since version 2.3.0, released in July 2018, CDE uses TIRPC on Linux, so that the portmapper rpcbind does not need to be run in insecure mode. It does not use Xprint anymore, and can be compiled on the BSDs without installing first a custom version of Motif. Multihead display support with Xinerama has been improved.

Since its release as free software, CDE has been ported to:[32]

Future project goals of the CDE project include:

  • Increased portability to more Linux, BSD, and Unix platforms.
  • Further internationalization into other languages.
[edit]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "CDE - Common Desktop Environment / Code / [ca84b1] /Cde/HISTORY".
  2. ^ "CDE - Common Desktop Environment - Browse _src at SourceForge.net". Archived from the original on November 18, 2021. Retrieved November 18, 2021.
  3. ^ "Testing requirements by Product Standard". The Open Group. January 31, 2013. Archived from the original on September 28, 2013. Retrieved September 29, 2013.
  4. ^ a b Thom Holwerda. "CDE released as open source". OSNews. Archived from the original on August 8, 2012. Retrieved August 6, 2012.
  5. ^ "UNIX Leaders Complete First Release of Specification for Common Open Software Environment Desktop" (Press release). Hewlett-Packard, IBM Corporation, SunSoft, Inc., UNIX System Laboratories, X/Open Company Ltd. June 30, 1993. Archived from the original on February 7, 2012. Retrieved August 19, 2014.
  6. ^ Joy, Molly (August 1996). "Migrating HP VUE Desktop Customizations to CDE" (PDF). Hewlett-Packard Journal. 47 (2): 29–37. Archived (PDF) from the original on August 21, 2014. Retrieved August 19, 2014.
  7. ^ "Leading Vendors Unify to Accelerate Open Systems" (Press release). AT&T Global Information Systems, Digital Equipment Corporation, Hewlett-Packard Company, IBM Corporation, SunSoft Incorporated, et al. March 23, 1994. Archived from the original on March 13, 2007. Retrieved May 15, 2008.
  8. ^ "OSF Announces Formal Launch of CDE/Motif Project" (Press release). Open Software Foundation. September 7, 1995. Archived from the original on February 18, 2012. Retrieved May 15, 2008.
  9. ^ "X/Open and OSF Join to Create The Open Group" (Press release). X/Open Company Ltd. Open Software Foundation. February 14, 1996. Archived from the original on July 24, 2008. Retrieved May 16, 2008.
  10. ^ TOG Press Release: The Open Group Announces Common Desktop Environment 2.1 Archived March 4, 2016, at the Wayback Machine
  11. ^ "Consolidations". OpenSolaris Web site. October 26, 2009. Archived from the original on July 29, 2012. Retrieved April 19, 2015.
  12. ^ "End of Features (EOF) for Oracle Solaris 11.4". Oracle Technology Network. Archived from the original on November 24, 2018. Retrieved November 23, 2018.
  13. ^ "HP-UX, FAQ: What is the release history of HP-UX?". unixguide.net. Archived from the original on March 21, 2012. Retrieved February 8, 2012.
  14. ^ "IRIX 6.5 Release Notes for CDE". Archived from the original on January 19, 2016. Retrieved July 7, 2019.
  15. ^ "(Open)VMS(/ VAX), Version overview". Archived from the original on October 22, 2020. Retrieved October 20, 2020.
  16. ^ "Getting Started With the New Desktop". Archived from the original on December 4, 2020. Retrieved October 20, 2020.
  17. ^ "It's Here! Red Hat's TriTeal CDE, Full-Featured Unix Desktop For Linux". EE Times. Archived from the original on May 25, 2018. Retrieved October 30, 2015.
  18. ^ "DeXtop(TM) CDE Makes Big Splash in Linux Industry; Xi Graphics Inc. Releases Standardized GUI for Linux". PRNewswire. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved October 30, 2015.
  19. ^ "Open Motif Frequently Asked Questions". The Open Group. July 13, 2004. Archived from the original on January 30, 2012. Retrieved November 30, 2007.
  20. ^ Peter Howkins. "Petition to Open Source CDE and Motif". Archived from the original on January 10, 2008. Retrieved November 30, 2007.
  21. ^ Dave Lounsbury (September 27, 2012). "How the Operating System Got Graphical". The Open Group. Archived from the original on November 27, 2012. Retrieved September 27, 2012.
  22. ^ kpedersen. "OpenCDE". Archived from the original on September 9, 2014. Retrieved February 14, 2011.
  23. ^ woomia (August 6, 2012). "CDE Open Sourced!". OpenCDE Forums. Archived from the original on November 24, 2012. With this, OpenCDE is officially deprecated. Feel free to make a fork of it if you wish.
  24. ^ "ICS MotifZone". October 2012. Archived from the original on October 5, 2012. Retrieved November 2, 2017.
  25. ^ "VecchiomagoPuntoNet: CDEbian 0.7". January 31, 2013. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved January 6, 2016.
  26. ^ "SparkyLinux: CDE – Common Desktop Environment". September 5, 2016. Archived from the original on July 14, 2018. Retrieved July 14, 2018.
  27. ^ "NuTyX GNU/Linux Downloads". NuTyX GNU/Linux. Archived from the original on March 1, 2023. Retrieved March 2, 2023.
  28. ^ "FreshPorts -- x11/cde: Common Desktop Environment". FreshPorts. Archived from the original on December 4, 2022. Retrieved March 2, 2023.
  29. ^ "pkgsrc.se The NetBSD package collection". pkgsrc.se. Archived from the original on March 2, 2023. Retrieved March 2, 2023.
  30. ^ Trulson, Jon (March 1, 2014). "CDE 2.2.1 released" (Mailing list). cdesktopenv-devel. Archived from the original on March 5, 2014. Retrieved March 5, 2014.
  31. ^ Trulson, Jon (July 27, 2014). "CDE 2.2.2 released" (Mailing list). cdesktopenv-devel. Archived from the original on August 1, 2014. Retrieved July 27, 2014.
  32. ^ "Common Desktop Environment: Wiki". Archived from the original on December 16, 2014. Retrieved January 6, 2015.
  33. ^ "Red Hat package". Archived from the original on November 6, 2018. Retrieved April 1, 2018.
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Common Desktop Environment.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Common_Desktop_Environment&oldid=1210371961"