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The young Baron Gyula Cseszneky

Baron Gyula István Cseszneky de Milvány et Cseszneg (Csorvás, 1914— Brazil, after 1956) was a Hungarian poet, translator, adventurer, and, as Julius I, Macedonian voivode.

Originally he was studying to be a Catholic priest, but changed his mind and as a holder of the Boncompagni family's grant he went to Italy to a military school. As a lover of the Italian language and culture he translated into Hungarian several poems of Gabriele D'Annunzio. Cseszneky admired the Italian poet, and probably his subsequent adventure in the Balkans was inspired by D'Annunzio's Regency of Carnaro in Fiume.

In 1940 after the Second Vienna Arbitration as a Hungarian reserve officer he took part in the reannexation of Northern Transylvania. For his braveness showed during the marching, Regent Miklós Horthy bestowed upon him the title vitéz and awarded him the Commemorative Medal for the Liberation of Transylvania and the Medal For Bravery.

In 1941, during World War II, he became a counselor for Prince Aimone of Savoy, who was at the time King Tomislav II of the Independent State of Croatia. In Croatia Cseszneky's titles of nobility were recognized and confirmed. Since the King actually did not occupied his throne in Zagreb, Cseszneky left the service.

In August 1943, due to his influential Italian friends and relatives in the Balkans, Baron Cseszneky was proclaimed voivode of the autonomous state, the Principality of Pindus and Voivodship of Macedonia. His adventure was supported, but at least tolerated by Badoglio's antifascist government, because they needed any help in the evacuation of the Italian troops when the armistice between Italy and Allied armed forces would be declared. Nevertheless, Voivode Julius was only a nominal ruler, and he himself also sought contact with the Allied governments. His intention was to assure territorial autonomy for Aromanians and Macedonians. In September 1943, as Nazi Germany's presence took over from the Italian troops, he was forced to resign due to his Jewish relatives, and was even pursued by the Gestapo. Then he lived in Hungary where took part in the rescue of Jews.

After the war, he went with Aimone of Aosta to Argentina and later died in Brazil.

Gyula Cseszneky House of Cseszneky
Preceded by Nicola Matushi	Despot of Pindus 1943-1943	Succeeded by None
Preceded by New title	Voivod of Macedonia 1943-1943	Succeeded by None
Preceded by Recognized	Wildgrave of Bakony 1943-1956	Succeeded by Mihály Cseszneky
Preceded by Created	Vitéz 1941-1956	Succeeded by Vacant

References

Szilágyi, Aladár: - Operettállam (in Erdélyi Riport)
Andreanu, José: - Los secretos del Balkan
Sankó, L.: - A csallóközi nemesi közbirtokosság
Toso, Fiorenzo: - Frammenti d'Europa
Kalimniou, Dean: - Alkiviadis Diammandi di Samarina (in Neos Kosmos English Edition, Melbourne, 2006)
Thornberry, Patrick und Miranda Bruce-Mitford: - World Directory of Minorities. St. James Press 1990
Koliopoulos, Giannēs S. und John S. Koliopoulos: - Plundered Loyalties: Axis Occupation and Civil Strife in Greek West Macedonia. C. Hurst & Co, 1990.
Horváth Mihály: A magyar nemzet története
Seidl-Bonitz-Hochegger: Zeitschrift für Niederösterreichischen Gymnasien XIV.

External links

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 title=[[Principality of Pindus and Voivodship of Macedonia|Despot of Pindus]]|before=[[Nicola Matushi]]|