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|chancellor =
|chancellor =
|provost =
|provost =
|city = [[Beijing]]
|city = Beijing
|state =
|state =
|country = [[China]]
|country = China
|students =
|students =
|undergrad = 13,915
|undergrad = 13,915
|postgrad = 12,831
|postgrad = 12,831
|faculty = 2,857
|faculty = 2,857
|campus = [[Urban area|Urban]], 395 [[Hectare|ha]] (3.95 km²)
|campus = Urban, 395 [[Hectare|ha]] (3.95 km²)
|mascot =
|mascot =
|athletics =
|athletics =
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|affiliations = [[Association of East Asian Research Universities|AEARU]], [[Association of Pacific Rim Universities|APRU]], [[C9 League|C9]]
|affiliations = [[Association of East Asian Research Universities|AEARU]], [[Association of Pacific Rim Universities|APRU]], [[C9 League|C9]]
|website = [http://www.tsinghua.edu.cn/ www.TsingHua.edu.cn]
|website = [http://www.tsinghua.edu.cn/ www.TsingHua.edu.cn]
|colors = [[Purple]] and [[White]] {{color box|#73649B}} {{color box|#FFFFFF}}
|colors = Purple and White {{color box|#73649B}} {{color box|#FFFFFF}}
|endowment =
|endowment =
|logo =
|logo =
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[[Image:Tsinghua Garden1.jpg|thumb|200px|A [[Qing Dynasty]] garden on Tsinghua University Campus]]
[[Image:Tsinghua Garden1.jpg|thumb|200px|A [[Qing Dynasty]] garden on Tsinghua University Campus]]
[[Image:水木清华堂.JPG|thumb|200px|The traditional ''He Tang Yue Se'' (''moonlit pond'') is part of the Qing Dynasty Prince's Residence and Garden located on the grounds of Tsinghua University]]
[[Image:水木清华堂.JPG|thumb|200px|The traditional ''He Tang Yue Se'' (''moonlit pond'') is part of the Qing Dynasty Prince's Residence and Garden located on the grounds of Tsinghua University]]
[[File:Tsinghua Old Main Building.jpg|thumb|200px|Built in 1917, the Grand Auditorium with its [[Jeffersonian architecture|Jeffersonian architectural]] design is a centerpiece of the old campus]]
{{Chinese|t=清華大學|s=清华大学|p=Qīnghuá Dàxué|pic=Tsinghua Old Main Building.jpg|piccap=Built in 1917, the Grand Auditorium with its [[Jeffersonian architecture|Jeffersonian architectural]] design is a centerpiece of the old campus}})
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'''Tsinghua University''' ('''Tsinghua''', colloquially known in Chinese as '''Qinghua''', is a university in Beijing, China. The school is one of the nine universities of the [[C9 League]]. It was established in 1911 under the name "Tsinghua Xuetang" or "Tsinghua College" and was renamed the "Tsinghua School" one year later. The university section was founded in 1925 and the name "National Tsinghua University" was adopted in 1928. With a motto of ''Self-Discipline and Social Commitment'', Tsinghua University describes itself as being dedicated to academic excellence, the well-being of Chinese society and to global development.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tsinghua.edu.cn/eng/about.jsp?boardid=32&bid2=3201&pageno=1 |title=Introduction of Tsinghua University |publisher=Tsinghua.edu.cn |accessdate=2012-04-22}}</ref> Tsinghua is almost always ranked as the first or second best university in [[mainland China]] in many national and international rankings.<ref name="chinaeducenter.com">{{cite web|author=www.chinaeducenter.com |url=http://www.chinaeducenter.com/en/universityranking1.php |title=University in China. China Education Center |publisher=Chinaeducenter.com |accessdate=2012-04-22}}</ref><ref name="china-university-ranking.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.china-university-ranking.com/ |title=2009 China University Ranking |publisher=China-university-ranking.com |date=2008-12-24 |accessdate=2012-04-22}}</ref><ref name="gse.sjtu.edu.cn">{{cite web|url=http://gse.sjtu.edu.cn/kxyj/articles/en/ELW2005003--Univ%20ranking%20in%20China%202005%20HEE_30_02%20p10.pdf |title=Univ ranking in China 200 |format=PDF |accessdate=2012-04-22}}</ref> According to the Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2011–2012, Tsinghua ranked 71 worldwide among universities.

⚫
'''Tsinghua University''' ('''Tsinghua'''; {{zh|t=清華大學|s=清华大学|p=Qīnghuá Dàxué}}), colloquially known in [[Chinese language|Chinese]] as '''Qinghua''', is a [[university]] in [[Beijing]], [[China]]. The school is one of the nine universities of the [[C9 League]]. It was established in 1911 under the name "Tsinghua Xuetang" or "Tsinghua College" and was renamed the "Tsinghua School" one year later. The university section was founded in 1925 and the name "National Tsinghua University" was adopted in 1928. With a motto of ''Self-Discipline and Social Commitment'', Tsinghua University describes itself as being dedicated to academic excellence, the well-being of Chinese society and to global development.<ref>[http://www.tsinghua.edu.cn/eng/about.jsp?boardid=32&bid2=3201&pageno=1 Introduction of Tsinghua University]</ref> Tsinghua is almost always ranked as the first or second best university in [[mainland China]] in many national and international rankings.<ref name="chinaeducenter.com">[http://www.chinaeducenter.com/en/universityranking1.php University in China. China Education Center]</ref><ref name="china-university-ranking.com">[http://www.china-university-ranking.com/ 2009 China University Ranking]</ref><ref name="gse.sjtu.edu.cn">[http://gse.sjtu.edu.cn/kxyj/articles/en/ELW2005003--Univ%20ranking%20in%20China%202005%20HEE_30_02%20p10.pdf Univ ranking in China 200]</ref> According to the Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2011-2012, Tsinghua ranked 71 worldwide among universities.


==History==
==History==
{{See|Boxer Indemnity Scholarship Program}}
{{See|Boxer Indemnity Scholarship Program}}


Since American Secretary of State [[John Hay]] suggested that the US$30 million plus [[Boxer Rebellion|Boxer]] indemnity paid to the [[United States]] was excessive, in 1909, President Roosevelt then obtained congressional approval to reduce the [[Qing Dynasty]] indemnity payment by US$10.8 million, on the condition that the said fund was to be used as scholarship for Chinese students to study in the [[United States]]. Using this fund, the Tsinghua College ({{zh|c=清華學堂}}; ''Qīnghuá Xuétáng'') was established in [[Beijing]], [[China]], on 22 April 1911 on the site of a former royal garden belonging to a prince.<ref>{{cite book|title=University autonomy, the state, and social change in China|author=Su-Yan Pan|publisher=Hong Kong University Press|year=2009|page=68|isbn=9789622099364}}</ref> It was first a preparatory school for students later sent by the government to study in the [[United States]]. The faculty members for sciences were recruited by the [[YMCA]] from the [[United States]] and its graduates transferred directly to American schools as juniors upon graduation. In 1925, the school established its College Department and started its research institute on Chinese Study.
Since American Secretary of State [[John Hay]] suggested that the US $30 million plus [[Boxer Rebellion|Boxer]] indemnity paid to the United States was excessive, in 1909, President Roosevelt then obtained congressional approval to reduce the [[Qing Dynasty]] indemnity payment by $10.8 million USD, on the condition that the said fund was to be used as scholarship for Chinese students to study in the United States. Using this fund, the Tsinghua College {{Chinese|c=清華學堂}}(''Qīnghuá Xuétáng'') was established in Beijing, China, on 22 April 1911 on the site of a former royal garden belonging to a prince.<ref>{{cite book|title=University autonomy, the state, and social change in China|author=Su-Yan Pan|publisher=Hong Kong University Press|year=2009|page=68|isbn=9789622099364}}</ref> It was first a preparatory school for students later sent by the government to study in the United States. The faculty members for sciences were recruited by the [[YMCA]] from the United States and its graduates transferred directly to American schools as juniors upon graduation. In 1925, the school established its College Department and started its research institute on Chinese Study.


In 1928, the authority officially changed its name to National Tsing Hua University (NTHU). During the [[World War II|Second World War]] in 1937, Tsinghua University along with [[Peking University]] and [[Nankai University]], merged to form Changsha Temporary University in [[Changsha]], and later [[National Southwestern Associated University]] in [[Kunming]] of Yunnan province. After the war, Tsinghua moved back to Beijing and resumed its operation.
In 1928, the authority officially changed its name to National Tsing Hua University (NTHU). During the Second World War in 1937, Tsinghua University along with [[Peking University]] and [[Nankai University]], merged to form Changsha Temporary University in [[Changsha]], and later [[National Southwestern Associated University]] in [[Kunming]] of Yunnan province. After the war, Tsinghua moved back to Beijing and resumed its operation.


After the [[Chinese Revolution (1949)|communist revolution]] at the end of the [[Chinese Civil War]] in 1949, which led to the creation of the People's Republic of China (PRC), Tsinghua University's then President Mei Yi-Qi, followed by many{{Quantify|date=November 2010}} professors, fled to [[Taiwan]] where they established the National Tsing Hua Institute of Nuclear Technology in 1955, which later became [[National Tsing Hua University]] of Taiwan.
After the [[Chinese Revolution (1949)|communist revolution]] at the end of the [[Chinese Civil War]] in 1949, which led to the creation of the People's Republic of China (PRC), Tsinghua University's then President Mei Yi-Qi, followed by many{{Quantify|date=November 2010}} professors, fled to [[Taiwan]] where they established the National Tsing Hua Institute of Nuclear Technology in 1955, which later became [[National Tsing Hua University]] of Taiwan.


In 1952, the Chinese government regrouped the country's higher education institutions in an attempt to build a [[Soviet]] style system, with individual institutions tending to specialise in a certain field of study. When the [[Cultural Revolution]] began in 1966, many university students walked out of the classrooms, and some went on to be part of the [[Red Guards (China)|Red Guards]], resulting in the complete shut down of the university. Only until 1978 when the Cultural Revolution ended, the university began to take in students again.<ref>{{Cite book | author =方惠坚，张思敬 | title = 清华大学志（下册）（M） | location = 北京 | publisher = 清华大学出版社 | year = 2001 | pages = 781–785|ISBN =7-302-04319-1| accessdate = | url = | language= zh| quote = }}</ref> Even so, Tsinghua University remained in the top tier schools in China. In many years following this regroup, the school was commonly referred to as the "[[MIT]] of China."<ref>http://news.harvard.edu/gazette/2002/05.16/11-china.html</ref><ref>[http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/1999/zhufull.html Transcript of Premier Zhu Rongji's speech at MIT]</ref><ref>http://www.usembassy-china.org.cn/press/release/1999/tsinghua.html</ref>
In 1952, the Chinese government regrouped the country's higher education institutions in an attempt to build a [[Soviet]] style system, with individual institutions tending to specialise in a certain field of study. When the [[Cultural Revolution]] began in 1966, many university students walked out of the classrooms, and some went on to be part of the [[Red Guards (China)|Red Guards]], resulting in the complete shut down of the university. Only until 1978 when the Cultural Revolution ended, the university began to take in students again.<ref>{{Cite book | author =方惠坚，张思敬 | title = 清华大学志（下册）（M） | location = 北京 | publisher = 清华大学出版社 | year = 2001 | pages = 781–785|ISBN =7-302-04319-1| url = | language= zh| quote = }}</ref> Even so, Tsinghua University remained in the top tier schools in China. In many years following this regroup, the school was commonly referred to as the "[[MIT]] of China."<ref>{{cite web|author=Harvard News Office |url=http://news.harvard.edu/gazette/2002/05.16/11-china.html |title=Harvard Gazette: Summers visits People's Republic of China |publisher=News.harvard.edu |date=2002-05-16 |accessdate=2012-04-22}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=April 15, 1999 |url=http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/1999/zhufull.html |title=Transcript of Premier Zhu Rongji's speech at MIT |publisher=Web.mit.edu |date=1999-04-15 |accessdate=2012-04-22}}</ref><ref>http://www.usembassy-china.org.cn/press/release/1999/tsinghua.html</ref>
But since the 1980s, the university began to incorporate a [[multidisciplinary]] system. As a result, several schools were re-incorporated. These included the School of Sciences, School of Business and Management, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, [[Tsinghua Law School]], School of Public Policy and Management, and the Academy of Arts and Design.
But since the 1980s, the university began to incorporate a [[multidisciplinary]] system. As a result, several schools were re-incorporated. These included the School of Sciences, School of Business and Management, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, [[Tsinghua Law School]], School of Public Policy and Management, and the Academy of Arts and Design.


==Present==
==Present==
Most national and international university rankings place Tsinghua amongst the best universities in [[mainland China]].<ref name="chinaeducenter.com"/><ref name="china-university-ranking.com"/><ref name="gse.sjtu.edu.cn"/> Admission to Tsinghua is extremely competitive. Every year, many applicants scoring the highest in the National College Entrance Exams choose Tsinghua. According to a report in 2008, 215 out of 300 students who scored the top 10 in the 30 tested provinces and regions chose Tsinghua and 21 out of the 30 top scorers in each province and region chose the university.<ref>[http://www.tsinghua.edu.cn/eng/admissions.jsp?boardid=34&bid2=34&pageno=1 Programs and Degrees]</ref> A majority of selected students are among the brightest high school graduates in the country. Admissions to its graduate schools are also daunting by any measure; for instance, only about 16% of MBA applicants are admitted each year. <ref>[http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/06_02/b3966074.htm Business Week]</ref> A recent study shows that Tsinghua University is the undergraduate alma mater that produces the most PhDs in U.S. universities. <ref>http://www.sciencemag.org/content/321/5886/185.full</ref>
Most national and international university rankings place Tsinghua amongst the best universities in [[mainland China]].<ref name="chinaeducenter.com"/><ref name="china-university-ranking.com"/><ref name="gse.sjtu.edu.cn"/> Admission to Tsinghua is extremely competitive. Every year, many applicants scoring the highest in the National College Entrance Exams choose Tsinghua. According to a report in 2008, 215 out of 300 students who scored the top 10 in the 30 tested provinces and regions chose Tsinghua and 21 out of the 30 top scorers in each province and region chose the university.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tsinghua.edu.cn/eng/admissions.jsp?boardid=34&bid2=34&pageno=1 |title=Programs and Degrees |publisher=Tsinghua.edu.cn |accessdate=2012-04-22}}</ref> A majority of selected students are among the brightest high school graduates in the country. Admissions to its graduate schools are also daunting by any measure; for instance, only about 16% of MBA applicants are admitted each year.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/06_02/b3966074.htm |title=Business Week |work=Business Week |date=2006-01-09 |accessdate=2012-04-22}}</ref> A recent study shows that Tsinghua University is the undergraduate alma mater that produces the most PhDs in U.S. universities.<ref>http://www.sciencemag.org/content/321/5886/185.full</ref>


Tsinghua alumni include the current CPC General secretary, Chinese president [[Hu Jintao]], who graduated with a degree in hydraulic engineering in 1964, and the current Chinese vice president, [[Xi Jinping]], who graduated with a degree in chemical engineering in 1979.
Tsinghua alumni include the current CPC General secretary, Chinese president [[Hu Jintao]], who graduated with a degree in hydraulic engineering in 1964, and the current Chinese vice president, [[Xi Jinping]], who graduated with a degree in chemical engineering in 1979.


Tsinghua has a reputation for hosting some of the most distinguished guest speakers of any university in the world, with international leaders such as [[Bill Clinton]], [[Tony Blair]], [[Henry Kissinger]], [[Carlos Ghosn]], and [[Henry Paulson]], all recently giving lectures to the university community.<ref>http://mba.sem.tsinghua.edu.cn/Portals/1/Containers/Tsinghua%20SEM%20International%20MBA%20Program.pdf</ref>
Tsinghua has a reputation for hosting some of the most distinguished guest speakers of any university in the world, with international leaders such as [[Bill Clinton]], [[Tony Blair]], [[Henry Kissinger]], [[Carlos Ghosn]], and [[Henry Paulson]], all recently giving lectures to the university community.<ref>[http://mba.sem.tsinghua.edu.cn/Portals/1/Containers/Tsinghua%20SEM%20International%20MBA%20Program.pdf ]{{dead link|date=April 2012}}</ref>


As of 2003, Tsinghua University had 12 colleges and 48 departments, 41 research institutes, 35 research centers, and 167 laboratories, including 15 national key laboratories. In September 2006, [[Peking Union Medical College]] was renamed to Peking Union Medical College, Tsinghua University, although the Peking Union Medical College and Tsinghua University remain two separate institutions.<ref>[http://news.tsinghua.edu.cn/eng__news.php?id=1210 Inauguration Ceremony for Newly Named Peking Union Medical College， Tsinghua University]</ref> The university offers 51 bachelor's degree programs, 139 master's degree programs and 107 Ph.D. programs. Recently, Tsinghua has become the first Chinese university to offer a [[Master of Laws]] program in [[United States|American]] [[law]], through a cooperative venture with the [[Temple University Beasley School of Law]]. The university is a member of LAOTSE, an international network of leading universities in Europe and Asia. Each year, the University celebrates the Intellectual Property Summer Institute in cooperation with [[Franklin Pierce Law Center]] of [[Concord, New Hampshire|Concord]], [[New Hampshire]]. It has its own editorial, Tsinghua University Press.
As of 2003, Tsinghua University had 12 colleges and 48 departments, 41 research institutes, 35 research centers, and 167 laboratories, including 15 national key laboratories. In September 2006, [[Peking Union Medical College]] was renamed to Peking Union Medical College, Tsinghua University, although the Peking Union Medical College and Tsinghua University remain two separate institutions.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.tsinghua.edu.cn/eng__news.php?id=1210 |title=Inauguration Ceremony for Newly Named Peking Union Medical College， Tsinghua University |publisher=News.tsinghua.edu.cn |accessdate=2012-04-22}}</ref> The university offers 51 bachelor's degree programs, 139 master's degree programs and 107 PhD programs. Recently, Tsinghua has become the first Chinese university to offer a [[Master of Laws]] program in American law, through a cooperative venture with the [[Temple University Beasley School of Law]]. The university is a member of LAOTSE, an international network of leading universities in Europe and Asia. Each year, the University celebrates the Intellectual Property Summer Institute in cooperation with [[Franklin Pierce Law Center]] of [[Concord, New Hampshire|Concord]], New Hampshire. It has its own editorial, Tsinghua University Press.


==Schools and departments==
==Schools and departments==
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==School of Economics and Management==
==School of Economics and Management==
[[Image:Sem building02.JPG|thumb|200px|Tsinghua's School of Economics and Management]]
[[Image:Sem building02.JPG|thumb|200px|Tsinghua's School of Economics and Management]]
The Tsinghua School of Economics and Management (SEM) is consistently ranked one of the best among business schools in China.<ref>http://www.sem.tsinghua.edu.cn/jg_en/infoSingleArticle.do?articleId=1664&columnId=1059</ref> It was the first mainland Chinese institution outside of [[Hong Kong]] to have achieved [[AACSB]] and [[EQUIS]] accreditations for its business and accounting programs. Founded in 1984, SEM was the first economics and management school in China. Its Founding Dean, Professor Zhu Rongji, later became the fifth Premier of the People’s Republic of China. It is the successor to Tsinghua University's Department of Economics, which was established in 1926.
The Tsinghua School of Economics and Management (SEM) is consistently ranked one of the best among business schools in China.<ref>[http://www.sem.tsinghua.edu.cn/jg_en/infoSingleArticle.do?articleId=1664&columnId=1059 ]{{dead link|date=April 2012}}</ref> It was the first mainland Chinese institution outside of Hong Kong to have achieved [[AACSB]] and [[EQUIS]] accreditations for its business and accounting programs. Founded in 1984, SEM was the first economics and management school in China. Its Founding Dean, Professor Zhu Rongji, later became the fifth Premier of the People’s Republic of China. It is the successor to Tsinghua University's Department of Economics, which was established in 1926.


SEM's International MBA program is one of the most prestigious programs in the People's Republic of China. The entirely English program is offered in collaboration with the [[MIT Sloan School of Management]]. The school provides more than 100 MBA courses per year. Upon finishing their required courses, students can select from curricula of different tracks (enterprise management, finance and banking, enterprise innovation and management, accounting analysis and management control, e-commerce, international business administration, etc.). After two years of business and leadership education, students obtain a Masters of Business Administration (MBA) degree from Tsinghua University as well as both a certificate from the MIT Sloan School of Management and MIT Sloan affiliate alumni status. Besides the M.I.T.-Tsinghua International MBA program, international students with Chinese-language skills can also choose to apply to the full-time MBA and the part-time MBA.<ref>http://mba.sem.tsinghua.edu.cn/tabid/152/Default.aspx</ref>
SEM's International MBA program is one of the most prestigious programs in the People's Republic of China. The entirely English program is offered in collaboration with the [[MIT Sloan School of Management]]. The school provides more than 100 MBA courses per year. Upon finishing their required courses, students can select from curricula of different tracks (enterprise management, finance and banking, enterprise innovation and management, accounting analysis and management control, e-commerce, international business administration, etc.). After two years of business and leadership education, students obtain a Masters of Business Administration (MBA) degree from Tsinghua University as well as both a certificate from the MIT Sloan School of Management and MIT Sloan affiliate alumni status. Besides the M.I.T.-Tsinghua International MBA program, international students with Chinese-language skills can also choose to apply to the full-time MBA and the part-time MBA.<ref>[http://mba.sem.tsinghua.edu.cn/tabid/152/Default.aspx ]{{dead link|date=April 2012}}</ref>


SEM also offers an EMBA program in partnership with [[INSEAD]]. The Tsinghua-INSEAD Dual Degree Executive MBA program was initiated in 2006, and is the first program of its kind in China combining international business education with a focus on Asia. The program’s first class was opened in the summer of 2007. The program is taught jointly by the two schools’ faculties and focuses on developing the participants’ leadership skills, building their global mindsets, and honing their managerial talents. Upon successful completion of the program, participants are awarded two degrees: an EMBA degree by Tsinghua University and an MBA for Executives degree by INSEAD. Graduates become alumni of the two schools.<ref>[http://tsinghua.insead.edu.sg/ Tsinghua INSEAD EMBA Programme]</ref>
SEM also offers an EMBA program in partnership with [[INSEAD]]. The Tsinghua-INSEAD Dual Degree Executive MBA program was initiated in 2006, and is the first program of its kind in China combining international business education with a focus on Asia. The program’s first class was opened in the summer of 2007. The program is taught jointly by the two schools’ faculties and focuses on developing the participants’ leadership skills, building their global mindsets, and honing their managerial talents. Upon successful completion of the program, participants are awarded two degrees: an EMBA degree by Tsinghua University and an MBA for Executives degree by INSEAD. Graduates become alumni of the two schools.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://tsinghua.insead.edu.sg/ |title=Tsinghua INSEAD EMBA Programme |publisher=Tsinghua.insead.edu.sg |accessdate=2012-04-22}}</ref>
[[Image:Tsinghua University - Square building.JPG|thumb|left|200px|The main administration building, built in 1950s.]]
[[Image:Tsinghua University - Square building.JPG|thumb|left|200px|The main administration building, built in 1950s.]]
There are 8 majors in SEM, namely: management science and engineering, finance, economics, accounting, corporation strategy and policy, marketing, human resources management, and technology economics and management. The school also operates a number of prominent research centers, including: the Research Center for Contemporary Management, the Research Center for Technological Innovation, the National Entrepreneurship Research Center, the China Center for Financial Research, the National Center for Economic Research, the China Retail Research Center, the China Business Research Center, the Center for China in the World Economy, the Research Center for Contemporary Management and Technological Innovation, and the China Insurance and Risk Management Research Center.
There are 8 majors in SEM, namely: management science and engineering, finance, economics, accounting, corporation strategy and policy, marketing, human resources management, and technology economics and management. The school also operates a number of prominent research centers, including: the Research Center for Contemporary Management, the Research Center for Technological Innovation, the National Entrepreneurship Research Center, the China Center for Financial Research, the National Center for Economic Research, the China Retail Research Center, the China Business Research Center, the Center for China in the World Economy, the Research Center for Contemporary Management and Technological Innovation, and the China Insurance and Risk Management Research Center.


Today both SEM's professional and academic programs are considered one of the premier training grounds for China's business leaders.<ref>[http://www.ft.com/cms/s/2/47a1c48c-cb17-11dc-97ff-000077b07658.html "Regional expertise is a priority." ''Financial Times'']</ref>
Today both SEM's professional and academic programs are considered one of the premier training grounds for China's business leaders.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ft.com/cms/s/2/47a1c48c-cb17-11dc-97ff-000077b07658.html |title="Regional expertise is a priority." '&#39;Financial Times'&#39; |work=Financial Times |date=2008-01-28 |accessdate=2012-04-22}}</ref>


== School of Journalism and Communication==
== School of Journalism and Communication==
The Tsinghua School of Journalism and Communication (TSJC) was established in April 2002. Its predecessor was Communication Studies in the Department of Chinese Language and Literature and its establishment of coincides with the development of media increasingly influencing world affairs in a time of fast-growing globalization. The school's research fields include International Communication, Film and Television Studies, New Media Studies, Media Operation and Management, and Business Journalism and are based on comprehensive academic research in journalism and communication theories. The objective of the school is to bring full advantage of Tsinghua University's comprehensive academic structure to Chinese and international media, to construct a first-rate discipline in journalism and communication studies, to cultivate talented professionals in the field and to explore advanced concepts in journalism and communication. The school also offers a two-year graduate program in international business journalism, sponsored by [[Bloomberg L.P.]] and the [[International Center for Journalists (ICFJ)]], that trains talented students and media professionals from around the globe in financial media and corporate communication.<ref name=tsjc>[http://www.tsjc.tsinghua.edu.cn/index.php?id=110&styleid=2 TSJC in brief]</ref>
The Tsinghua School of Journalism and Communication (TSJC) was established in April 2002. Its predecessor was Communication Studies in the Department of Chinese Language and Literature and its establishment of coincides with the development of media increasingly influencing world affairs in a time of fast-growing globalization. The school's research fields include International Communication, Film and Television Studies, New Media Studies, Media Operation and Management, and Business Journalism and are based on comprehensive academic research in journalism and communication theories. The objective of the school is to bring full advantage of Tsinghua University's comprehensive academic structure to Chinese and international media, to construct a first-rate discipline in journalism and communication studies, to cultivate talented professionals in the field and to explore advanced concepts in journalism and communication. The school also offers a two-year graduate program in international business journalism, sponsored by [[Bloomberg L.P.]] and the [[International Center for Journalists (ICFJ)]], that trains talented students and media professionals from around the globe in financial media and corporate communication.<ref name=tsjc>{{cite web|url=http://www.tsjc.tsinghua.edu.cn/index.php?id=110&styleid=2 |title=TSJC in brief |publisher=Tsjc.tsinghua.edu.cn |accessdate=2012-04-22}}</ref>


The school has five research-oriented centers to organize and conduct academic research activities. They are: Center for International Communications Studies, Center for New Media Studies, Center for Film and Television Studies, Center for Media Management Studies and Center for Cultural Industry Studies.<ref name=tsjc/>
The school has five research-oriented centers to organize and conduct academic research activities. They are: Center for International Communications Studies, Center for New Media Studies, Center for Film and Television Studies, Center for Media Management Studies and Center for Cultural Industry Studies.<ref name=tsjc/>
Line 178: Line 177:


== Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University==
== Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University==
The Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, was jointly founded by Tsinghua University and the Shenzhen Municipal Government. The school is directly affiliated with Tsinghua University in Beijing. The campus is located in the University Town of Shenzhen since October 18, 2003.<ref>[http://www.sz.tsinghua.edu.cn/en/About/About.html Overview of Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University]</ref>
The Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, was jointly founded by Tsinghua University and the Shenzhen Municipal Government. The school is directly affiliated with Tsinghua University in Beijing. The campus is located in the University Town of Shenzhen since October 18, 2003.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sz.tsinghua.edu.cn/en/About/About.html |title=Overview of Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University |publisher=Sz.tsinghua.edu.cn |accessdate=2012-04-22}}</ref>


== Rankings ==
== Rankings ==
Tsinghua University is frequently ranked amongst the best universities in China. It was ranked the 1st in mainland China by Chinese University Ranking [[Chinese university ranking]] and ranked 1st in mainland China by [[Chinese university ranking (Netbig)|Netbig]] in 2010, 2009, 2008.<ref>[http://rank2010.netbig.com/top100.html]</ref> It was ranked 2nd in mainland China by China's Education Center in 2010, 2009 and 2008,<ref name="chinaeducenter.com"/> and was ranked 2nd in mainland China by webometrics 2008.<ref>[http://www.webometrics.info/rank_by_country.asp?country=cn webometrics]</ref>
Tsinghua University is frequently ranked amongst the best universities in China. It was ranked the 1st in mainland China by Chinese University Ranking [[Chinese university ranking]] and ranked 1st in mainland China by [[Chinese university ranking (Netbig)|Netbig]] in 2010, 2009, 2008.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://rank2010.netbig.com/top100.html |title=2010中国大学排名,2010大学排名,中国大学排行榜,2010全国大学百强榜单_网大 |publisher=Rank2010.netbig.com |accessdate=2012-04-22}}</ref> It was ranked 2nd in mainland China by China's Education Center in 2010, 2009 and 2008,<ref name="chinaeducenter.com"/> and was ranked 2nd in mainland China by webometrics 2008.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.webometrics.info/rank_by_country.asp?country=cn |title=webometrics |publisher=Webometrics.info |accessdate=2012-04-22}}</ref>


Tsinghua was ranked the 47th worldwide by [[QS World University Rankings]] in 2011,<ref>http://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/world-university-rankings/2011</ref> 58th worldwide by [[Times Higher Education World University Rankings]] in 2010,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/world-university-rankings/2010-2011/top-200.html|title=THE World University Rankings 2010|publisher=''[[Times Higher Education]]''}}</ref> 36th worldwide in [[Human Resources & Labor Review]]'s Best World Universities 2010,<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.chasecareer.net/news_detail.php?id=61 |title= 300 Best World Universities 2010 |publisher= ChaseCareer Network}}</ref> 49th worldwide by [[US News and World Report]] (USNEWS),<ref>[http://www.usnews.com/articles/education/worlds-best-universities/2010/02/25/worlds-best-universities-top-400.html World's Best Universities. US News and World Report]</ref> 13th worldwide in the category of engineering and IT by USNEWS, 2009,<ref>
Tsinghua was ranked the 47th worldwide by [[QS World University Rankings]] in 2011,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/world-university-rankings/2011 |title=QS World University Rankings |publisher=Topuniversities |accessdate=2012-04-22}}</ref> 58th worldwide by [[Times Higher Education World University Rankings]] in 2010,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/world-university-rankings/2010-2011/top-200.html|title=THE World University Rankings 2010|work=[[Times Higher Education]]}}</ref> 36th worldwide in [[Human Resources & Labor Review]]'s Best World Universities 2010,<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.chasecareer.net/news_detail.php?id=61 |title= 300 Best World Universities 2010 |publisher= ChaseCareer Network}}</ref> 49th worldwide by [[US News and World Report]] (USNEWS),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.usnews.com/articles/education/worlds-best-universities/2010/02/25/worlds-best-universities-top-400.html |title=World's Best Universities. US News and World Report |publisher=Usnews.com |accessdate=2012-04-22}}</ref> 13th worldwide in the category of engineering and IT by USNEWS, 2009,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.usnews.com/articles/education/worlds-best-universities/2010/02/25/worlds-best-universities-engineering-and-it.html |title=World's Best Universities: Engineering and IT |publisher=Usnews.com |accessdate=2012-04-22}}</ref> and ranked 151–200 Worldwide in the [[Academic Ranking of World Universities]] by [[Shanghai Jiao Tong University]] 2010.<ref>[http://www.arwu.org/ARWU2010_2.jsp Academic Ranking of World Universities – 2010]{{dead link|date=April 2012}}</ref> In 2011, according to University Ranking by Academic Performance (URAP),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.urapcenter.org/2010|title=URAP – University Ranking by Academic Performance}}</ref> it is the 1st university in engineering field based ranking in the world.
[http://www.usnews.com/articles/education/worlds-best-universities/2010/02/25/worlds-best-universities-engineering-and-it.html World's Best Universities: Engineering and IT]</ref> and ranked 151-200 Worldwide in the [[Academic Ranking of World Universities]] by [[Shanghai Jiao Tong University]] 2010.<ref>[http://www.arwu.org/ARWU2010_2.jsp Academic Ranking of World Universities - 2010]</ref> In 2011, according to University Ranking by Academic Performance (URAP),<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.urapcenter.org/2010|title=URAP – University Ranking by Academic Performance}}</ref> it is the 1st university in engineering field based ranking in the world.


==Campus==
==Campus==
[[Image:TsinghuaUniversitypic2.jpg|thumb|right|200px|The Old Gate is a symbol of Tsinghua University]]
[[Image:TsinghuaUniversitypic2.jpg|thumb|right|200px|The Old Gate is a symbol of Tsinghua University]]
The campus of Tsinghua University is located in northwest [[Beijing]], in the [[Haidian]] district which was designated for universities and other academic institutes.
The campus of Tsinghua University is located in northwest Beijing, in the [[Haidian]] district which was designated for universities and other academic institutes.


It is located on the former site of [[Qing Dynasty]] royal gardens and retains Chinese-style landscaping as well as traditional buildings, but many of its buildings are also in the Western-style, reflecting the American influence in its history. Along with its rival and neighbor the [[Peking University]], it is known throughout [[China]] for having one of the most beautiful campuses. Tsinghua University's campus was named one of the most beautiful college campuses in the world by [[Forbes]] in 2010;<ref>[http://opa.yale.edu/news/article.aspx?id=7790 Yale named among world’s ‘most beautiful campuses’]</ref> it was the only university in Asia on the list.<ref>[http://magazine.uc.edu/favorites/web-only/forbes.html Forbes Magazine lists University of Cincinnati among world's most beautiful college campuses]</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.forbes.com/2010/03/01/most-beautiful-campus-lifestyle-college.html | title=The World's Most Beautiful College Campuses | last=le Draoulec | first=Pascale | accessdate=8 March 2010 | date=1 March 2010 | work=[[Forbes]]}}</ref>
It is located on the former site of [[Qing Dynasty]] royal gardens and retains Chinese-style landscaping as well as traditional buildings, but many of its buildings are also in the Western-style, reflecting the American influence in its history. Along with its rival and neighbor the [[Peking University]], it is known throughout China for having one of the most beautiful campuses. Tsinghua University's campus was named one of the most beautiful college campuses in the world by [[Forbes]] in 2010;<ref>{{cite web|url=http://opa.yale.edu/news/article.aspx?id=7790 |title=Yale named among world’s ‘most beautiful campuses’ |publisher=Opa.yale.edu |date=2010-09-24 |accessdate=2012-04-22}}</ref> it was the only university in Asia on the list.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://magazine.uc.edu/favorites/web-only/forbes.html |title=Forbes Magazine lists University of Cincinnati among world's most beautiful college campuses |publisher=Magazine.uc.edu |date=2010-03-01 |accessdate=2012-04-22}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.forbes.com/2010/03/01/most-beautiful-campus-lifestyle-college.html | title=The World's Most Beautiful College Campuses | last=le Draoulec | first=Pascale | accessdate=2010-03-08 | date=2010-03-01 |work=Forbes}}</ref>


T. Chuang, a 1914 graduate of the [[University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign]], helped design the campus grounds of the Tsinghua University with influences of American architectural style and architectures.<ref>{{cite web | title=Global partnership aims to train 'exceptional' professional | author=Melissa Mitchell | url=http://www.news.uiuc.edu/news/07/0215partnership.html | publisher= UIUC News Service | date=2007-02-15 | accessdate=2007-07-10}}</ref>
T. Chuang, a 1914 graduate of the [[University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign]], helped design the campus grounds of the Tsinghua University with influences of American architectural style and architectures.<ref>{{cite web | title=Global partnership aims to train 'exceptional' professional | author=Melissa Mitchell | url=http://www.news.uiuc.edu/news/07/0215partnership.html | publisher= UIUC News Service | date=2007-02-15 | accessdate=2007-07-10}}</ref>
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===Nobel Laureates===
===Nobel Laureates===
*[[Yang Chen Ning]] - physicist, [[Nobel Prize]] laureate (physics, 1957)
*[[Yang Chen Ning]] – physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (physics, 1957)


===Famous alumni===
===Famous alumni===
*[[Hu Jintao]] - current [[General Secretary of the Communist Party of China]], [[President of the People's Republic of China]]
*[[Hu Jintao]] – current [[General Secretary of the Communist Party of China]], [[President of the People's Republic of China]]
*[[Xi Jinping]] current [[Vice President of the People's Republic of China]]
*[[Xi Jinping]] current [[Vice President of the People's Republic of China]]
*[[Min Chueh Chang]] - a co-inventor of the [[combined oral contraceptive pill]] (1933)
*[[Min Chueh Chang]] – a co-inventor of the [[combined oral contraceptive pill]] (1933)
*[[Shiing-Shen Chern]] - mathematician, [[Wolf Prize]] winner (1984)
*[[Shiing-Shen Chern]] – mathematician, [[Wolf Prize]] winner (1984)
*[[Kai Lai Chung]] - mathematician
*[[Kai Lai Chung]] – mathematician
*[[Mu Dan]] - poet
*[[Mu Dan]] – poet
*[[Chao Ko]] - mathematician
*[[Chao Ko]] – mathematician
*[[Zhao Jiuzhang]] - physicist
*[[Zhao Jiuzhang]] – physicist
*[[Sun Li-jen]] - [[Kuomintang]] [[general]]
*[[Sun Li-jen]] – [[Kuomintang]] general
*[[Liang Shih-chiu]] - scholar
*[[Liang Shih-chiu]] – scholar
*[[Wen Yiduo]] - writer, poet
*[[Wen Yiduo]] – writer, poet
*[[Feng Youlan]] - [[Chinese philosopher]]
*[[Feng Youlan]] – [[Chinese philosopher]]
*[[Zhang Yuzhe]] - [[astronomer]]
*[[Zhang Yuzhe]] – [[astronomer]]
*[[Fei Xiaotong]] - researcher of [[sociology]] and [[anthropology]]
*[[Fei Xiaotong]] – researcher of [[sociology]] and [[anthropology]]
*[[Qian Zhongshu]] - one of the most famous writers of pre-Revolutionary China, wrote ''[[Fortress Besieged]]''
*[[Qian Zhongshu]] – one of the most famous writers of pre-Revolutionary China, wrote ''[[Fortress Besieged]]''
*[[Zhou Peiyuan]] - former president of [[Peking University]]
*[[Zhou Peiyuan]] – former president of [[Peking University]]
*[[Wu Guanzheng]] - member of the [[Politburo Standing Committee of the Communist Party of China]]
*[[Wu Guanzheng]] – member of the [[Politburo Standing Committee of the Communist Party of China]]
*[[Huang Ju]] - former [[Vice Premier of the People's Republic of China]]
*[[Huang Ju]] – former [[Vice Premier of the People's Republic of China]]
*[[Zhu Rongji]] - former [[Premier of the People's Republic of China]]
*[[Zhu Rongji]] – former [[Premier of the People's Republic of China]]
*[[Zhou Xiaochuan]] - governor of the [[People's Bank of China]]
*[[Zhou Xiaochuan]] – governor of the [[People's Bank of China]]
*[[Jia Chunwang]] - head of [[Ministry of State Security]] 1985-1998, then Minister of Public Security
*[[Jia Chunwang]] – head of [[Ministry of State Security]] 1985–1998, then Minister of Public Security


===Famous faculty===
===Famous faculty===
[[Image:Liang-Qichao.jpg|thumb|200px|[[Liang Qichao]] was one of China's most groundbreaking scholars, journalists, philosophers, and reformists of the 20th century.]]
[[Image:Liang-Qichao.jpg|thumb|200px|[[Liang Qichao]] was one of China's most groundbreaking scholars, journalists, philosophers, and reformists of the 20th century.]]
*[[Liang Qichao]] - famous philosopher and [[reformist]] during the [[Qing dynasty]]
*[[Liang Qichao]] – famous philosopher and [[reformist]] during the [[Qing dynasty]]
*[[John L. Thornton]] - former president and co-chief operating officer of [[Goldman Sachs]]
*[[John L. Thornton]] – former president and co-chief operating officer of [[Goldman Sachs]]
*[[Tsiang Tingfu]] - historian and diplomat
*[[Tsiang Tingfu]] – historian and diplomat
*Wu Guanying - designer of the [[Fu Niu Lele|Official mascot of the 2008 Paralympics]]
*Wu Guanying – designer of the [[Fu Niu Lele|Official mascot of the 2008 Paralympics]]
*[[Wang Guowei]]
*[[Wang Guowei]]
*[[Qin Hui]]
*[[Qin Hui]]
*[[David Daokui Li]] - economist and the Director of the Center for China in the World Economy (CCWE)
*[[David Daokui Li]] – economist and the Director of the Center for China in the World Economy (CCWE)
*[[Patrick Chovanec]] - commentator and consultant on Chinese economy and US-China relations
*[[Patrick Chovanec]] – commentator and consultant on Chinese economy and US-China relations
*[[Wang Hui (intellectual)|Wang Hui]]
*[[Wang Hui (intellectual)|Wang Hui]]
*[[Laurie Olin]] - landscape architect and author
*[[Laurie Olin]] – landscape architect and author
*[[Liang Sicheng]] - architect and historian
*[[Liang Sicheng]] – architect and historian
*[[Lin Huiyin]] - architect, poet, and historian
*[[Lin Huiyin]] – architect, poet, and historian
*[[Chen Yinque]] - historian and linguist
*[[Chen Yinque]] – historian and linguist
*[[Norbert Wiener]] - theoretical and applied mathematician
*[[Norbert Wiener]] – theoretical and applied mathematician
*[[Andrew Chi-Chih Yao]] - [[Turing Award]] winner (2001), computer scientist
*[[Andrew Chi-Chih Yao]] – [[Turing Award]] winner (2001), computer scientist


===Qinghua clique===
===Qinghua clique===
The term [[Qinghua clique]] refers to a group of [[Communist Party of China|Communist]] [[Politics of the People's Republic of China|Chinese politicians]] that have graduated from Tsinghua University. They are members of the [[fourth generation of Chinese leadership]], and are purported to hold reformist and hesitantly pro-[[democracy|democratic]] ideas (a number have studied in the [[United States]] following graduation from Tsinghua, and some are said to be influenced by the reform ideals of [[Hu Yaobang]]). In the PRC, their ascendance to power began in 2008 at the 17th National Congress of the [[Communist Party of China|CPC]].<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=7I0gRcqNoRgC&pg=PA197&lpg=PA197&dq=%22Qinghua+clique%22&source=bl&ots=_OzMeJy0fk&sig=VFEo0KIZEWcAEwP7dFo97HjWrB4&hl=en&ei=-WP8TMOtO4GkugOjyK3MCg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=7&ved=0CDsQ6AEwBg#v=onepage&q=%22Qinghua%20clique%22&f=false China's elite politics: political transition and power balancing]</ref>
The term [[Qinghua clique]] refers to a group of [[Communist Party of China|Communist]] [[Politics of the People's Republic of China|Chinese politicians]] that have graduated from Tsinghua University. They are members of the [[fourth generation of Chinese leadership]], and are purported to hold reformist and hesitantly pro-democratic ideas (a number have studied in the United States following graduation from Tsinghua, and some are said to be influenced by the reform ideals of [[Hu Yaobang]]). In the PRC, their ascendance to power began in 2008 at the 17th National Congress of the [[Communist Party of China|CPC]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=7I0gRcqNoRgC&pg=PA197&lpg=PA197&dq=%22Qinghua+clique%22&source=bl&ots=_OzMeJy0fk&sig=VFEo0KIZEWcAEwP7dFo97HjWrB4&hl=en&ei=-WP8TMOtO4GkugOjyK3MCg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=7&ved=0CDsQ6AEwBg#v=onepage&q=%22Qinghua%20clique%22&f=false |title=China's elite politics: political transition and power balancing |publisher=Google Books |accessdate=2012-04-22}}</ref>


Tsinghua graduates who have political prominence are disproportionately greater in number than graduates of other famous universities. Among the nine standing committees at the [[Politburo of the Communist Party of China|Politburo]], there are four Tsinghua graduates; among the 24 Politburo committee members, there are five; and of all the "leaders of the party and the country", there are 10.
Tsinghua graduates who have political prominence are disproportionately greater in number than graduates of other famous universities. Among the nine standing committees at the [[Politburo of the Communist Party of China|Politburo]], there are four Tsinghua graduates; among the 24 Politburo committee members, there are five; and of all the "leaders of the party and the country", there are 10.
Line 256: Line 254:


==Association of Chartered Certified Accountants partnership==
==Association of Chartered Certified Accountants partnership==
Tsinghua University has signed agreements with the [[Association of Chartered Certified Accountants]] (ACCA), the renowned international accountancy body that offers the [[Chartered Certified Accountant]] qualification worldwide, to train professional accountants in China. Under the agreement, Tsinghua will develop the programme that under ACCA's syllabus for enabling China's accounting students to join the ACCA professional exam scheme at a higher level. Tsinghua will also recognise the [[Oxford Brookes University]] [[BSc]] Applied Accounting degree, which has been successfully developed in conjunction with ACCA and which enables students who have completed two parts of the ACCA qualification to apply for the Oxford Brookes degree.<ref>http://www.accaglobal.com/news/releases/2409519</ref>
Tsinghua University has signed agreements with the [[Association of Chartered Certified Accountants]] (ACCA), the renowned international accountancy body that offers the [[Chartered Certified Accountant]] qualification worldwide, to train professional accountants in China. Under the agreement, Tsinghua will develop the programme that under ACCA's syllabus for enabling China's accounting students to join the ACCA professional exam scheme at a higher level. Tsinghua will also recognise the [[Oxford Brookes University]] BSc Applied Accounting degree, which has been successfully developed in conjunction with ACCA and which enables students who have completed two parts of the ACCA qualification to apply for the Oxford Brookes degree.<ref>http://www.accaglobal.com/news/releases/2409519</ref>


==See also==
==See also==

Revision as of 15:57, 22 April 2012

For the university in Taiwan, see National Tsing Hua University.

40°00′00″N 116°19′36″E / 40.00000°N 116.32667°E / 40.00000; 116.32667

Tsinghua University
清华大学
Motto自强不息, 厚德載物
Motto in English
Self-discipline and Social Commitment
TypePublic
Established1911
PresidentChen Jining
Academic staff
2,857
Undergraduates13,915
Postgraduates12,831
Location
Beijing
,
China
CampusUrban, 395 ha (3.95 km²)
FlowerRedbud and Lilac
ColorsPurple and White    
AffiliationsAEARU, APRU, C9
Websitewww.TsingHua.edu.cn
A Qing Dynasty garden on Tsinghua University Campus
The traditional He Tang Yue Se (moonlit pond) is part of the Qing Dynasty Prince's Residence and Garden located on the grounds of Tsinghua University
Tsinghua University
Built in 1917, the Grand Auditorium with its Jeffersonian architectural design is a centerpiece of the old campus
Traditional Chinese清華大學
Simplified Chinese清华大学
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinQīnghuá Dàxué

)

Tsinghua University (Tsinghua, colloquially known in Chinese as Qinghua, is a university in Beijing, China. The school is one of the nine universities of the C9 League. It was established in 1911 under the name "Tsinghua Xuetang" or "Tsinghua College" and was renamed the "Tsinghua School" one year later. The university section was founded in 1925 and the name "National Tsinghua University" was adopted in 1928. With a motto of Self-Discipline and Social Commitment, Tsinghua University describes itself as being dedicated to academic excellence, the well-being of Chinese society and to global development.[1] Tsinghua is almost always ranked as the first or second best university in mainland China in many national and international rankings.[2][3][4] According to the Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2011–2012, Tsinghua ranked 71 worldwide among universities.

History

Further information: Boxer Indemnity Scholarship Program

Since American Secretary of State John Hay suggested that the US $30 million plus Boxer indemnity paid to the United States was excessive, in 1909, President Roosevelt then obtained congressional approval to reduce the Qing Dynasty indemnity payment by $10.8 million USD, on the condition that the said fund was to be used as scholarship for Chinese students to study in the United States. Using this fund, the Tsinghua College

Tsinghua University
Chinese清華學堂
Transcriptions

(Qīnghuá Xuétáng) was established in Beijing, China, on 22 April 1911 on the site of a former royal garden belonging to a prince.[5] It was first a preparatory school for students later sent by the government to study in the United States. The faculty members for sciences were recruited by the YMCA from the United States and its graduates transferred directly to American schools as juniors upon graduation. In 1925, the school established its College Department and started its research institute on Chinese Study.

In 1928, the authority officially changed its name to National Tsing Hua University (NTHU). During the Second World War in 1937, Tsinghua University along with Peking University and Nankai University, merged to form Changsha Temporary University in Changsha, and later National Southwestern Associated University in Kunming of Yunnan province. After the war, Tsinghua moved back to Beijing and resumed its operation.

After the communist revolution at the end of the Chinese Civil War in 1949, which led to the creation of the People's Republic of China (PRC), Tsinghua University's then President Mei Yi-Qi, followed by many[quantify] professors, fled to Taiwan where they established the National Tsing Hua Institute of Nuclear Technology in 1955, which later became National Tsing Hua University of Taiwan.

In 1952, the Chinese government regrouped the country's higher education institutions in an attempt to build a Soviet style system, with individual institutions tending to specialise in a certain field of study. When the Cultural Revolution began in 1966, many university students walked out of the classrooms, and some went on to be part of the Red Guards, resulting in the complete shut down of the university. Only until 1978 when the Cultural Revolution ended, the university began to take in students again.[6] Even so, Tsinghua University remained in the top tier schools in China. In many years following this regroup, the school was commonly referred to as the "MIT of China."[7][8][9] But since the 1980s, the university began to incorporate a multidisciplinary system. As a result, several schools were re-incorporated. These included the School of Sciences, School of Business and Management, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Tsinghua Law School, School of Public Policy and Management, and the Academy of Arts and Design.

Present

Most national and international university rankings place Tsinghua amongst the best universities in mainland China.[2][3][4] Admission to Tsinghua is extremely competitive. Every year, many applicants scoring the highest in the National College Entrance Exams choose Tsinghua. According to a report in 2008, 215 out of 300 students who scored the top 10 in the 30 tested provinces and regions chose Tsinghua and 21 out of the 30 top scorers in each province and region chose the university.[10] A majority of selected students are among the brightest high school graduates in the country. Admissions to its graduate schools are also daunting by any measure; for instance, only about 16% of MBA applicants are admitted each year.[11] A recent study shows that Tsinghua University is the undergraduate alma mater that produces the most PhDs in U.S. universities.[12]

Tsinghua alumni include the current CPC General secretary, Chinese president Hu Jintao, who graduated with a degree in hydraulic engineering in 1964, and the current Chinese vice president, Xi Jinping, who graduated with a degree in chemical engineering in 1979.

Tsinghua has a reputation for hosting some of the most distinguished guest speakers of any university in the world, with international leaders such as Bill Clinton, Tony Blair, Henry Kissinger, Carlos Ghosn, and Henry Paulson, all recently giving lectures to the university community.[13]

As of 2003, Tsinghua University had 12 colleges and 48 departments, 41 research institutes, 35 research centers, and 167 laboratories, including 15 national key laboratories. In September 2006, Peking Union Medical College was renamed to Peking Union Medical College, Tsinghua University, although the Peking Union Medical College and Tsinghua University remain two separate institutions.[14] The university offers 51 bachelor's degree programs, 139 master's degree programs and 107 PhD programs. Recently, Tsinghua has become the first Chinese university to offer a Master of Laws program in American law, through a cooperative venture with the Temple University Beasley School of Law. The university is a member of LAOTSE, an international network of leading universities in Europe and Asia. Each year, the University celebrates the Intellectual Property Summer Institute in cooperation with Franklin Pierce Law Center of Concord, New Hampshire. It has its own editorial, Tsinghua University Press.

Schools and departments

The Tsinghua Bell
  • School of Architecture
    • Department of Architecture
    • Department of Urban Planning and Design
    • Department of Building Science
    • Department of Landscape Architecture
  • School of Civil Engineering
    • Department of Civil Engineering
    • Department of Hydraulic Engineering
    • Department of Construction Management
  • School of Mechanical Engineering
    • Department of Mechanical Engineering
    • Department of Precision Instruments and Mechanology
    • Department of Thermal Engineering
    • Department of Automotive Engineering
    • Department of Industrial Engineering
  • School of Aerospace
    • Department of Engineering Mechanics
    • Department of Aeronautics & Astronautics Engineering
The building of the Tsinghua School
Tsinghua's Science Park
The Tsinghua Observatory
  • School of Information Science and Technology
    • Department of Electronic Engineering
    • Department of Computer Science and Technology
    • Department of Automation
    • Institute of Microelectronics
    • Department of Microelectronics and Nanoelectronics
    • School of Software
  • Department of Environmental Science and Engineering
  • Department of Electrical Engineering
  • Department of Engineering Physics
  • Department of Chemical Engineering
  • Department of Materials Science and Engineering
  • School of Sciences
    • Department of Mathematics
    • Department of Physics
    • Department of Chemistry
  • School of Humanities and Social Sciences
    • Department of Philosophy
    • Department of Chinese Language and Literature
    • Department of Foreign Languages
    • Department of History
    • Department of Sociology
    • Department of Political Science
    • Department of International Relations
    • Department of Psychology
  • School of Economics and Management
    • Department of Management Science and Engineering
    • Department of Economics
    • Department of Finance
    • Department of Accounting
    • Department of Innovation and Entrepreneurship
    • Department of Human Resources and Organizational Behavior
    • Department of Business Strategy and Policy
    • Department of Marketing
  • School of Public Policy & Management
  • Academy of Arts and Design
    • Department of Art History
    • Department of Industrial Design
    • Department of Environmental Art Design
    • Department of Ceramic Design
    • Department of Visual Communication Design
    • Department of Textile and Fashion Design
    • Department of Art and Crafts
    • Department of Painting
    • Department of Sculpture
    • Department of Information Art & Design
  • School of Medicine
    • Department of Medical Science
    • Department of Pharmaceutical Science
    • Department of Biomedical Engineering
  • School of Journalism and Communication
  • Institute of Nuclear And New Energy Technology
  • Department of Physical Education

School of Economics and Management

Tsinghua's School of Economics and Management

The Tsinghua School of Economics and Management (SEM) is consistently ranked one of the best among business schools in China.[17] It was the first mainland Chinese institution outside of Hong Kong to have achieved AACSB and EQUIS accreditations for its business and accounting programs. Founded in 1984, SEM was the first economics and management school in China. Its Founding Dean, Professor Zhu Rongji, later became the fifth Premier of the People’s Republic of China. It is the successor to Tsinghua University's Department of Economics, which was established in 1926.

SEM's International MBA program is one of the most prestigious programs in the People's Republic of China. The entirely English program is offered in collaboration with the MIT Sloan School of Management. The school provides more than 100 MBA courses per year. Upon finishing their required courses, students can select from curricula of different tracks (enterprise management, finance and banking, enterprise innovation and management, accounting analysis and management control, e-commerce, international business administration, etc.). After two years of business and leadership education, students obtain a Masters of Business Administration (MBA) degree from Tsinghua University as well as both a certificate from the MIT Sloan School of Management and MIT Sloan affiliate alumni status. Besides the M.I.T.-Tsinghua International MBA program, international students with Chinese-language skills can also choose to apply to the full-time MBA and the part-time MBA.[18]

SEM also offers an EMBA program in partnership with INSEAD. The Tsinghua-INSEAD Dual Degree Executive MBA program was initiated in 2006, and is the first program of its kind in China combining international business education with a focus on Asia. The program’s first class was opened in the summer of 2007. The program is taught jointly by the two schools’ faculties and focuses on developing the participants’ leadership skills, building their global mindsets, and honing their managerial talents. Upon successful completion of the program, participants are awarded two degrees: an EMBA degree by Tsinghua University and an MBA for Executives degree by INSEAD. Graduates become alumni of the two schools.[19]

The main administration building, built in 1950s.

There are 8 majors in SEM, namely: management science and engineering, finance, economics, accounting, corporation strategy and policy, marketing, human resources management, and technology economics and management. The school also operates a number of prominent research centers, including: the Research Center for Contemporary Management, the Research Center for Technological Innovation, the National Entrepreneurship Research Center, the China Center for Financial Research, the National Center for Economic Research, the China Retail Research Center, the China Business Research Center, the Center for China in the World Economy, the Research Center for Contemporary Management and Technological Innovation, and the China Insurance and Risk Management Research Center.

Today both SEM's professional and academic programs are considered one of the premier training grounds for China's business leaders.[20]

School of Journalism and Communication

The Tsinghua School of Journalism and Communication (TSJC) was established in April 2002. Its predecessor was Communication Studies in the Department of Chinese Language and Literature and its establishment of coincides with the development of media increasingly influencing world affairs in a time of fast-growing globalization. The school's research fields include International Communication, Film and Television Studies, New Media Studies, Media Operation and Management, and Business Journalism and are based on comprehensive academic research in journalism and communication theories. The objective of the school is to bring full advantage of Tsinghua University's comprehensive academic structure to Chinese and international media, to construct a first-rate discipline in journalism and communication studies, to cultivate talented professionals in the field and to explore advanced concepts in journalism and communication. The school also offers a two-year graduate program in international business journalism, sponsored by Bloomberg L.P. and the International Center for Journalists (ICFJ), that trains talented students and media professionals from around the globe in financial media and corporate communication.[21]

The school has five research-oriented centers to organize and conduct academic research activities. They are: Center for International Communications Studies, Center for New Media Studies, Center for Film and Television Studies, Center for Media Management Studies and Center for Cultural Industry Studies.[21]

The first and present dean of the school is Fan Jingyi, a notable chief editor of People's Daily during the period of 1990s.

Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University

The Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, was jointly founded by Tsinghua University and the Shenzhen Municipal Government. The school is directly affiliated with Tsinghua University in Beijing. The campus is located in the University Town of Shenzhen since October 18, 2003.[22]

Rankings

Tsinghua University is frequently ranked amongst the best universities in China. It was ranked the 1st in mainland China by Chinese University Ranking Chinese university ranking and ranked 1st in mainland China by Netbig in 2010, 2009, 2008.[23] It was ranked 2nd in mainland China by China's Education Center in 2010, 2009 and 2008,[2] and was ranked 2nd in mainland China by webometrics 2008.[24]

Tsinghua was ranked the 47th worldwide by QS World University Rankings in 2011,[25] 58th worldwide by Times Higher Education World University Rankings in 2010,[26] 36th worldwide in Human Resources & Labor Review's Best World Universities 2010,[27] 49th worldwide by US News and World Report (USNEWS),[28] 13th worldwide in the category of engineering and IT by USNEWS, 2009,[29] and ranked 151–200 Worldwide in the Academic Ranking of World Universities by Shanghai Jiao Tong University 2010.[30] In 2011, according to University Ranking by Academic Performance (URAP),[31] it is the 1st university in engineering field based ranking in the world.

Campus

The Old Gate is a symbol of Tsinghua University

The campus of Tsinghua University is located in northwest Beijing, in the Haidian district which was designated for universities and other academic institutes.

It is located on the former site of Qing Dynasty royal gardens and retains Chinese-style landscaping as well as traditional buildings, but many of its buildings are also in the Western-style, reflecting the American influence in its history. Along with its rival and neighbor the Peking University, it is known throughout China for having one of the most beautiful campuses. Tsinghua University's campus was named one of the most beautiful college campuses in the world by Forbes in 2010;[32] it was the only university in Asia on the list.[33][34]

T. Chuang, a 1914 graduate of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, helped design the campus grounds of the Tsinghua University with influences of American architectural style and architectures.[35]

The University's Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology is on a separate campus in a northern suburb of Beijing.

Entrance to "Gong Zi Ting", the former Qing Prince's Mansion
Tsinghua campus scenery
A Qing Dynasty Jinchun Garden on Tsinghua University Campus

Associated people

Main article: People associated with Tsinghua University

Tsinghua University has produced many notable graduates, especially in political sphere. These include current General secretary, president Hu Jintao, current vice president Xi Jinping, current chairman of the National People's Congress Wu Bangguo, former premier Zhu Rongji, former first vice premier Huang Ju. Tsinghua also has two Nobel Prize winners, Tsung-Dao Lee and Yang Chen Ning. The latter is currently residing on Tsinghua campus. This is a list of people associated with Tsinghua University in China.

Nobel Laureates

Famous alumni

Famous faculty

Liang Qichao was one of China's most groundbreaking scholars, journalists, philosophers, and reformists of the 20th century.

Qinghua clique

The term Qinghua clique refers to a group of Communist Chinese politicians that have graduated from Tsinghua University. They are members of the fourth generation of Chinese leadership, and are purported to hold reformist and hesitantly pro-democratic ideas (a number have studied in the United States following graduation from Tsinghua, and some are said to be influenced by the reform ideals of Hu Yaobang). In the PRC, their ascendance to power began in 2008 at the 17th National Congress of the CPC.[36]

Tsinghua graduates who have political prominence are disproportionately greater in number than graduates of other famous universities. Among the nine standing committees at the Politburo, there are four Tsinghua graduates; among the 24 Politburo committee members, there are five; and of all the "leaders of the party and the country", there are 10.

The Tsinghua clique also referred to a group of Nationalist Chinese politicians who held high power in the Republic of China government and fled to Taiwan with the government during the Chinese Civil War. All of them are deceased.

Association of Chartered Certified Accountants partnership

Tsinghua University has signed agreements with the Association of Chartered Certified Accountants (ACCA), the renowned international accountancy body that offers the Chartered Certified Accountant qualification worldwide, to train professional accountants in China. Under the agreement, Tsinghua will develop the programme that under ACCA's syllabus for enabling China's accounting students to join the ACCA professional exam scheme at a higher level. Tsinghua will also recognise the Oxford Brookes University BSc Applied Accounting degree, which has been successfully developed in conjunction with ACCA and which enables students who have completed two parts of the ACCA qualification to apply for the Oxford Brookes degree.[37]

See also

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References

  1. ^ "Introduction of Tsinghua University". Tsinghua.edu.cn. Retrieved 2012-04-22.
  2. ^ a b c www.chinaeducenter.com. "University in China. China Education Center". Chinaeducenter.com. Retrieved 2012-04-22.
  3. ^ a b "2009 China University Ranking". China-university-ranking.com. 2008-12-24. Retrieved 2012-04-22.
  4. ^ a b "Univ ranking in China 200" (PDF). Retrieved 2012-04-22.
  5. ^ Su-Yan Pan (2009). University autonomy, the state, and social change in China. Hong Kong University Press. p. 68. ISBN 9789622099364.
  6. ^ 方惠坚，张思敬 (2001). 清华大学志（下册）（M） (in Chinese). 北京: 清华大学出版社. pp. 781–785. ISBN 7-302-04319-1.
  7. ^ Harvard News Office (2002-05-16). "Harvard Gazette: Summers visits People's Republic of China". News.harvard.edu. Retrieved 2012-04-22.
  8. ^ April 15, 1999 (1999-04-15). "Transcript of Premier Zhu Rongji's speech at MIT". Web.mit.edu. Retrieved 2012-04-22.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  9. ^ http://www.usembassy-china.org.cn/press/release/1999/tsinghua.html
  10. ^ "Programs and Degrees". Tsinghua.edu.cn. Retrieved 2012-04-22.
  11. ^ "Business Week". Business Week. 2006-01-09. Retrieved 2012-04-22.
  12. ^ http://www.sciencemag.org/content/321/5886/185.full
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  14. ^ "Inauguration Ceremony for Newly Named Peking Union Medical College， Tsinghua University". News.tsinghua.edu.cn. Retrieved 2012-04-22.
  15. ^ News of Tsinghua University Tsinghua University
  16. ^ Website of School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University
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  19. ^ "Tsinghua INSEAD EMBA Programme". Tsinghua.insead.edu.sg. Retrieved 2012-04-22.
  20. ^ ""Regional expertise is a priority." ''Financial Times''". Financial Times. 2008-01-28. Retrieved 2012-04-22.
  21. ^ a b "TSJC in brief". Tsjc.tsinghua.edu.cn. Retrieved 2012-04-22.
  22. ^ "Overview of Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University". Sz.tsinghua.edu.cn. Retrieved 2012-04-22.
  23. ^ "2010中国大学排名,2010大学排名,中国大学排行榜,2010全国大学百强榜单_网大". Rank2010.netbig.com. Retrieved 2012-04-22.
  24. ^ "webometrics". Webometrics.info. Retrieved 2012-04-22.
  25. ^ "QS World University Rankings". Topuniversities. Retrieved 2012-04-22.
  26. ^ "THE World University Rankings 2010". Times Higher Education.
  27. ^ "300 Best World Universities 2010". ChaseCareer Network.
  28. ^ "World's Best Universities. US News and World Report". Usnews.com. Retrieved 2012-04-22.
  29. ^ "World's Best Universities: Engineering and IT". Usnews.com. Retrieved 2012-04-22.
  30. ^ Academic Ranking of World Universities – 2010[dead link]
  31. ^ "URAP – University Ranking by Academic Performance".
  32. ^ "Yale named among world's 'most beautiful campuses'". Opa.yale.edu. 2010-09-24. Retrieved 2012-04-22.
  33. ^ "Forbes Magazine lists University of Cincinnati among world's most beautiful college campuses". Magazine.uc.edu. 2010-03-01. Retrieved 2012-04-22.
  34. ^ le Draoulec, Pascale (2010-03-01). "The World's Most Beautiful College Campuses". Forbes. Retrieved 2010-03-08.
  35. ^ Melissa Mitchell (2007-02-15). "Global partnership aims to train 'exceptional' professional". UIUC News Service. Retrieved 2007-07-10.
  36. ^ "China's elite politics: political transition and power balancing". Google Books. Retrieved 2012-04-22.
  37. ^ http://www.accaglobal.com/news/releases/2409519
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