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Corn nut

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Corn nut
Cancha in Peru
CourseSnack
Region or stateSouth America
Associated cuisinePeru, Ecuador
Ingredients generally usedRoasted or deep-fried corn kernels
Corn nuts in a bowl
Corn nuts

Corn nuts,[1] also known as toasted corn,[2] quico, or Cracker are a snack food made of roasted or deep-fried corn kernels. It is referred to as cancha in Peru and chulpi in Ecuador.

Preparation

Corn nuts are prepared by soaking whole corn kernels in water for three days, then deep-frying them in oil until they are hard and brittle. The kernels are soaked because they shrink during the harvesting and cleaning process, and rehydration returns them to their original size.

History

Albert Holloway of Oakland, California introduced corn nuts to the United States in 1936. He originally sold them to tavern owners to be given away free to their patrons as a snack that would be great with beer,[3] calling them Olin's Brown Jug Toasted Corn.[2]

Varieties and brands

CornNuts

Holloway later renamed his product CornNuts. After Holloway and his sons Maurice and Rich learned of a breed of corn grown in Cusco, Peru (often referred to as Cuzco corn[4]) that grew large kernels (some said to have been bigger than a quarter (United States coin)), the company researched developing a hybrid of the Cusco corn that could be grown effectively in California. After a decade of research, the company introduced CornNuts made with the hybrid variety in 1964.[3] CornNuts sold on the market today are no longer of the large Cusco corn size.

The most popular brand, CornNuts was owned by Holloway's original family company until the company was purchased by Nabisco[5] in 1998.[6] Cornnuts is a registered trademark of Kraft Foods.[7] It is available in six flavors: Original, BBQ (barbecue-flavored), Chile Picante con Limon, Ranch, Jalapeño Cheddar, and Nacho. [8]

Cornick

Main article: Cornick (food)

A Filipino variant of corn nuts is cornick. Compared to the American variety, cornick pieces are typically smaller and crispier. Garlic is the most common flavor of cornick, with other common flavors including: chili cheese, adobo, barbecue, lechón manok (also known as roasted chicken), and sweet. Major brands include Boy Bawang (literally "Garlic Boy" in Tagalog, commonly sold in small packets), Corn Bits, and Safari.

A popular variety of cornick is the lighter, chicharrón-like chichacorn,[9] a semi-popped style of cornick using glutinous corn from the Ilocos Region[10] which is treated with lime before frying.[11]

Diana

Diana, a snack company in El Salvador, makes a variety of corn-nut-like snacks. These are called elotitos in Spanish, or cornbits.[12] These come in a variety of seasonings, such as Lemon, Cheese and Chili, and Barbecue. These are sold throughout Central America.

In Spain

In Spain they are a popular snack known as maíz tostado ("toasted corn"), maíz frito ("fried corn"), quicos ("Frankies") and pepes ("Joes"). The base flavor is very salty, though barbecue is also available. Recently, crushed corn nuts are being introduced as a cover for battering.[13]Back in 1954 a young agricultural engineer, Joaquin Bustamante, founded a company named PYTA to introduce in Spain the popping corn and the popcorn machines. Fond of corn, after years of trials, he achieved to peel the yellow corn kernels by soaking them with a small % of lime, which after a process of washing and frying, resulted in fried corn or corn nuts, then totally unfamiliar in Spain. The product was registered in 1962 under the trademark KIKOS® and is now one of Spain's favourite snacks. Liven (www.liven.es), a snack manufacturer, bought the company and the KIKOS® trademark in 1997, supplying customers worldwide with the original fried corn. Liven has also the exclusive licencing rights of the trademark KIKOS®.

See also

References

  1. ^ Jason R Karl (2000-01-01). "The Cuzco Gigante of Cornnuts | Request PDF". Retrieved 2019-11-04.
  2. ^ a b Jenkins, Matt (November 2010). "Quest for Corn". Saveur (133). Bonnier: 26, 28. ISSN 1075-7864. Albert Holloway of Oakland, California, first sold the fried, salted whole kernels in the 1930s under the name Olin's Brown Jug Toasted Corn [...] which Holloway later rebranded CornNuts
  3. ^ a b Foley, Michelle (2007-09-12). "What Are CornNuts?". Chow. CBS Interactive. Retrieved 2009-02-27.
  4. ^ Jason R Karl (2015-12-01). "Giant maize: Cuzco, Jala, and Tehua | Request PDF". Retrieved 2019-11-04.
  5. ^ Pacciorini, Albert C. (1997-11-06). "Nabisco to Buy California-Based Cornnuts for Undisclosed Amount". The Monterey County Herald.
  6. ^ "Former Cornnuts President Appointed as National Sales Director". Baywood International. 2000-03-21. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  7. ^ "Trademark 'CORNNUTS' owned by 'KRAFT FOODS GROUP BRANDS LLC'". inovia. Retrieved 8 March 2015.
  8. ^ "ULTIMATE CRUNCH. INTENSE FLAVORS". Kraft Foods. Retrieved 12 March 2017.
  9. ^ "Company History". Ilocos Food Products. Archived from the original on 2009-04-15. Retrieved 2009-02-27.
  10. ^ Palma, Ireneo B. (2004). "Experts Identify Promising Glutinous Corn Varieties for Green Corn and "Cornick" Production". Philippine Council for Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Resources Research and Development. Archived from the original on February 24, 2005. Retrieved 2009-02-27.
  11. ^ See also: nixtamalization
  12. ^ "Diana snacks, El Salvador, Elotitos". Retrieved 2011-04-23.
  13. ^ Escudero, Mónica (22 September 2015). "El abecé del rebozado". El Comidista (in Spanish). Ediciones El País. Retrieved 24 April 2020. Celentano se atreve con "copos de maíz (tipo Cornflakes), maiz tostado molido, copos de avena u otros cereales –el pollo con copos de avena y coco rallado es una cosa seria– o semillas (sésamo natural y negro, amapola para pescado)".
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