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Visa requirements for Serbian citizens

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Serbian passport

Visa requirements for Serbian citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of the Republic of Serbia.

As of 2024, Serbian citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 140 countries and territories, ranking the Serbian passport 34th in the world according to the Henley Passport Index.[1] Serbia is one of a handful of countries whose citizens may travel visa-free to the Schengen Area, China, Russia and Cuba.

History

Until the 1990s, the Yugoslav passport has been described as highly sought-after commodity. As part of its non-aligned policies, the Yugoslav government signed numerous mutual agreements on visa-free entry from the mid-1960s.

Eventually this applied to most states of the world, promoting the Yugoslav passport to "one of the most convenient in the world, as it was one of the few with which a person could travel freely through both the East and West" during the Cold War.[2]

With the subsequent dissolution of Yugoslavia in the 1990s, the period of difficulties related to travel bureaucracy started for all successor states. From the 2000s onward, the situation has been significantly and constantly improving and Serbian passport was among the five passports with the most improved rating in the Henley Passport Index since 2006, adding 103 countries to its visa-free list.[3][4][5][6]

Visa requirements map

Visa requirements for Serbian citizens holding ordinary passports
  Serbia
  ID card travel
  Visa not required
  Visa on arrival
  eVisa
  Visa available both on arrival or online
  Visa required

Visa requirements

Country Visa requirement Allowed stay Notes (excluding departure fees) Reciprocity
 Afghanistan Visa required[7] √
 Albania Visa not required[8] 90 days
  • ID card valid.
  • 90 days within 180 days.
 √
 Algeria Visa required[9] √
 Andorra Visa not required[10] √
 Angola Visa required[11] √
 Antigua and Barbuda Visa not required[12] 6 months √
 Argentina Visa not required[13] 90 days √
 Armenia Visa not required[14] 180 days √
 Australia Online visa required[15][16]
  • Online Visitor e600 visa.
 X
 Austria Visa not required[17] 90 days √
 Azerbaijan Visa not required[18] 90 days
  • 90 days within 180 days period
 √
 Bahamas eVisa[19] 3 months X
 Bahrain eVisa / Visa on arrival[22] 14 days X
 Bangladesh Visa on arrival[23] 30 days
  • Not available at all entry points.[24]
 X
 Barbados Visa not required[25] 90 days √
 Belarus Visa not required[26] 30 days √
 Belgium Visa not required[27] 90 days √
 Belize Visa required[28]
  • Permanent residents of the US and Canada and holders of valid visas of the US, Canada, Schengen Area and the UK do not require a visa.[29]
 √
 Benin eVisa[30][31] 30 days X
 Bhutan eVisa[32][33] √
 Bolivia Online Visa / Visa on arrival[34] 90 days[35] X
 Bosnia and Herzegovina Visa not required[36] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 6-month period.
  • ID card valid.
 √
 Botswana eVisa[37][38] 3 months
  • 300 Botswana Pula for single entry for a period up to 3 months,500 Botswana Pula for multiple entry for a period up to 3 months,1500 Pula for multiple entry for a period over 3 months up to 2 years for dependants of residents.
 x
 Brazil Visa not required[39] 90 days √
 Brunei Visa required[40] √
 Bulgaria Visa not required[41] 90 days √
 Burkina Faso eVisa[42][43] √
 Burundi Visa on arrival[44][45] 1 month Citizens of all countries that needed visas can now apply for an visa on arrival at Bujumbura International Airport, or at all land borders. X
 Cambodia eVisa / Visa on arrival[46][47] 30 days X
 Cameroon eVisa[48][49] √
 Canada Visa required[50] X
 Cape Verde Visa on arrival[52]
  • Not available at all entry points.[53] Passengers who register with pre-registration (EASE), will not pay additional fee at arrival.[54]
 X
 Central African Republic Visa required[55] √
 Chad Visa required[56] Passengers with an Entry Authorization letter issued by the authorities of Chad before departure can obtain a visa on arrival. √
 Chile Visa not required[57] 90 days √
 China Visa not required[58] 30 days
  • 30 days within any 60 day period.
 √
 Colombia Visa not required[59] 90 days √
 Comoros Visa on arrival[60] 45 days X
 Republic of the Congo Visa required[61]
  • Passengers with a special entry authorization can obtain a visa on arrival. The entry authorization must be signed by the Minister of Interior and Decentralization and by the Director General of

Territorial Surveillance. Also passengers with V.I.P. invitation letter are exempt from visa.

√
 Democratic Republic of the Congo eVisa[62][63] 7 days
  • Passengers with a letter (Visa Volant) issued by the Ministry of Interior and Security can obtain a visa on arrival for a maximum stay of 7 days. They can apply to extend their stay.
 √
 Costa Rica Visa not required[64] 90 days √
 Côte d'Ivoire eVisa[65][66] 3 months X
 Croatia Visa not required[67] 90 days √
 Cuba Visa not required[68] 90 days x
 Cyprus Visa not required[69] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180 day period.
 √
 Czech Republic Visa not required[70] 90 days √
 Denmark Visa not required[71] 90 days √
 Djibouti eVisa[72][73] 90 days X
 Dominica Visa not required[74] 21 days √
 Dominican Republic Visa not required[75] 90 days X
 Ecuador Visa not required[76] 90 days X
 Egypt eVisa / Visa on arrival[77][78] 30 days X
 El Salvador Visa required[79] Nationals of Serbia with a valid visa issued by Canada, the USA or a Schengen Member State are exempted from visa. √
 Equatorial Guinea eVisa[80][81] x
 Eritrea Visa required[82] √
 Estonia Visa not required[83] 90 days √
 Eswatini Visa not required[84] 30 days X
 Ethiopia eVisa / Visa on arrival[85] [86] up to 90 days X
 Fiji Visa not required[87] 4 months X
 Finland Visa not required[88] 90 days √
 France Visa not required[89] 90 days √
 Gabon eVisa[90][91] 90 days
  • e-Visa holders must arrive via Libreville International Airport. *Passengers with an entry authorization issued by immigration before departure can obtain a visa on arrival.
 X
 Gambia Visa required[92] √
 Georgia Visa not required[93] 1 year √
 Germany Visa not required[94] 90 days √
 Ghana Visa required[95] √
 Greece Visa not required[96] 90 days √
 Grenada Visa not required[97] 3 months √
 Guatemala Visa required[98]
  • Not required for holders of a valid visa issued by Canada, the USA or a Schengen Member State.
 √
 Guinea eVisa[99][100] 90 days X
 Guinea-Bissau Visa on arrival[101] 90 days X
 Guyana Visa required[102] 30 days
  • Conditional visa granted on arrival.
 √
 Haiti Visa not required[103] 90 days X
 Honduras Visa required[104]
  • Not required for holders of a valid visa issued by Canada, the USA or a Schengen Member State.
 √
 Hungary Visa not required[105] 90 days √
 Iceland Visa not required[106] 90 days √
 India eVisa[107] 30 days
  • e-Visa holders must arrive via 26 designated airports[Note 2] or 3 designated seaports.[Note 3][108]
  • An Indian e-Tourist Visa may only be obtained twice within 1 calendar year.[citation needed]
  • Foreigners of Pakistani origin or who hold a Pakistani Passport are not eligible for an e-Visa. Foreigners who are not Pakistani nationals, but whose parents or grandparents (either paternal or maternal) were born in, or were permanent residents in Pakistan, are also not eligible for an e-Visa.[109]
 X
 Indonesia e-VOA / Visa on arrival[110] 30 days[111] X
 Iran Visa not required[112] 15 days X
 Iraq eVisa[113] X
 Ireland Visa required[114]
  • Visa is issued free of charge.[115]
  • Visa waiver for UK 'C' visa holders. Entry permitted only if first point of entry to the Common Travel Area is in the UK.[116]
 X
 Israel Visa not required[117] 3 months √
 Italy Visa not required[118] 90 days √
 Jamaica Visa on arrival[119] 30 days X
 Japan Visa not required[120] 90 days √
 Jordan eVisa / Visa on arrival[117][121] 30 days
  • Visa can be obtained upon arrival, it will cost a total of 40 JOD, obtainable at most international ports of entry and land border crossings. (except King Hussein/Allenby Bridge)
 X
 Kazakhstan Visa not required[122] 30 days √
 Kenya Electronic Travel Authorisation[123][124] 90 days
  • Applications can be submitted up to 90 days prior to travel and must be submitted at least 3 days in advance.
  • eTA fee is USD 32.50.
  • Proof of reservation at the hotel where visitors plan to stay is required (if staying with friends, an invitation letter is also acceptable).
  • Yellow fever vaccination certificate is required if coming from endemic countries.
 X
 Kiribati Visa required[125] √
 North Korea Visa required[126] √
 South Korea Electronic Travel Authorization[127][128] 90 days
  • The validity period of a K-ETA is 3 years from the date of approval.[129]
 √
 Kuwait eVisa / Visa on arrival[130][131] 3 months X
 Kyrgyzstan Visa not required[132] 90 days
  • 90 days within 180 days.
 √
 Laos eVisa / Visa on arrival[117] 30 days X
 Latvia Visa not required[136] 90 days √
 Lebanon Free visa on arrival[137] 1 month
  • Extendable for 2 additional months.
  • Granted free of charge at Beirut International Airport or any other port of entry if there is no Israeli visa or seal, holding a telephone number, an address in Lebanon, and a non refundable return or circle trip ticket.
 X
 Lesotho eVisa[138][139] X
 Liberia Visa required[140] √
 Libya eVisa[141][142] x
 Liechtenstein Visa not required[143] 90 days √
 Lithuania Visa not required[144] 90 days √
 Luxembourg Visa not required[145] 90 days √
 Madagascar Visa on arrival[146] 60 days X
 Malawi eVisa[147] 90 days X
 Malaysia eVisa[148][149] 30 days X
 Maldives Free visa on arrival[150] 30 days X
 Mali Visa required[151] √
 Malta Visa not required[152] 90 days √
 Marshall Islands Visa required[153] X
 Mauritania Visa on arrival[154] X
 Mauritius Visa on arrival[155] 180 days
  • 180 days for tourism, 120 days for Business
 X
 Mexico Visa required[156]
  • Visa not required for holders of valid visa issued by the US, Canada, Japan, the UK, or any of the countries comprising the Schengen Area, or for holders of valid permanent resident card from Canada, Chile, Colombia, Japan, Peru, the US, the UK or any of the countries comprising the Schengen Area.[157]
  • Visa is also issued free of charge for Serbian citizens.
 X
 Micronesia Visa not required[158] 30 days X
 Moldova Visa not required[159] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180 day period.
 √
 Monaco Visa not required[160] √
 Mongolia Visa not required[161] 90 days √
 Montenegro Visa not required[162] 3 months √
 Morocco Visa required[163] √
 Mozambique eVisa / Visa on arrival[164][165] 30 days X
 Myanmar eVisa[166][167] 28 days X
 Namibia Visa required[168] √
 Nauru Visa required[169] √
   Nepal Online Visa / Visa on arrival[170] 90 days[171] X
 Netherlands Visa not required[172] 90 days √
 New Zealand Visa required[173] X
 Nicaragua Visa on arrival[176] 90 days
  • Not required for holders of a valid visa issued by Canada, the USA or a Schengen Member State.
 X
 Niger Visa required[177] √
 Nigeria eVisa[178][179] 90 days √
 North Macedonia Visa not required[180] 90 days
  • ID card valid.
  • 90 days within 180 days.
 √
 Norway Visa not required[181] 90 days √
 Oman Visa not required[182][183] 14 days * 30 days e-visa also available X
 Pakistan Online Visa[184][185] 3 months
  • Online Visa eligible.[186]
 X
 Palau Free Visa on arrival[187] 30 days X
 Panama Visa not required[188] 90 days X
 Papua New Guinea eVisa[189][190] 60 days
  • Visitors may apply for a visa online under the "Tourist - Own Itinerary" category.
 √
 Paraguay Visa required[191] X
 Peru Visa not required[192] 90 days √
  • 90 days in 180 days period
 Philippines Visa required[193] √
 Poland Visa not required[194] 90 days √
 Portugal Visa not required[195] 90 days √
 Qatar Visa not required[196] 90 days √
 Romania Visa not required[197] 90 days √
 Russia Visa not required[198] 30 days
  • Visa free for holders of biometric passport only.[199]
  • Visitors who do not have a biometric passport can apply for an e-Visa.[200]
 √
 Rwanda eVisa / Visa on arrival[201][202] 30 days X
 Saint Kitts and Nevis Visa not required[203] 90 days X
 Saint Lucia Visa required[204] √
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Visa not required[205] 3 months √
 Samoa Visa not required[206] 60 days X
 San Marino Visa not required[207] √
 São Tomé and Príncipe eVisa[208][209] X
 Saudi Arabia Visa required[210] √
  • holders of a US, UK or Schengen visas have been eligible for a Saudi eVisa upon arrival
 Senegal Visa on arrival[211] 1 month X
 Seychelles Electronic Border System[212][213] 3 months
  • Application can be submitted up to 30 days before travel.
  • Visitors must upload a reservation confirmation(s) for each visitor's location of stay in Seychelles.
  • Yellow fever vaccination certificate is required if coming from endemic countries.
  • Payment of the fee (EUR 10) by credit or debit card.
  • Valid for one journey only and it expires once exit the country.
 √
 Sierra Leone eVisa[214][215] 3 months x
 Singapore Visa not required[216] 30 days √
 Slovakia Visa not required[217] 90 days √
 Slovenia Visa not required[218] 90 days √
 Solomon Islands Visa required[219] √
 Somalia Visa on arrival[220] 30 days √
 South Africa Visa required[221] √
 South Sudan eVisa[222][223]
  • Obtainable online.
  • Printed visa authorization must be presented at the time of travel.
 X
 Spain Visa not required[224] 90 days √
 Sri Lanka eVisa / Visa on arrival[225][226] 60 days / 30 days
  • The standard visitor visa allows a stay of 60 days within any 6 month period.[227]
  • Visa fees (for Standard visitor visa):
  • e-Visa categories will be charged an additional USD 18.50 service fee.
  • If transiting from any of the Sri Lankan airports, An e-Visa is exempted (2 day transit period).
 X
 Sudan Visa required[228] √
 Suriname Visa not required[229][230] 30 days
  • An entrance fee of USD 25 or EUR 25 must be paid online prior to arrival.[231]
  • Multiple entry e-Visa is also available.[232]
 √
 Sweden Visa not required[233] 90 days √
  Switzerland Visa not required[234] 90 days √
 Syria eVisa[235] X
 Tajikistan Visa not required[236] 30 days
  • Visa also available online.[237]
 X
 Tanzania eVisa / Visa on arrival[238][239] 3 months X
 Thailand eVisa / Visa on arrival[240][241] 60 days / 15 days X
 Timor-Leste Visa on arrival[242] 30 days
  • Not available at all entry points.[243]
 X
 Togo eVisa[244][245] 15 days X
 Tonga Visa required[246] √
 Trinidad and Tobago Visa not required[247] 30 days √
 Tunisia Visa required[248][249] √
 Turkey Visa not required[250] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180-day period.
 √
 Turkmenistan Visa required[251] √
 Tuvalu Visa on arrival[252] 1 month X
 Uganda eVisa[253][254] 3 months
  • Determined at the port of entry.
 X
 Ukraine Visa not required[255] 90 days
  • 90 days within 180 days.
 √
 United Arab Emirates Visa not required[256] 90 days √
 United Kingdom Visa required[257] X
 United States Visa required[259] X
 Uruguay Visa not required[260] 90 days √
 Uzbekistan Visa not required[261] 30 days X
 Vanuatu Visa not required[262] 30 days X
 Vatican City Visa not required[263] √
 Venezuela Visa required[264]
  • On July 14, 2023, a visa waiver agreement was signed between the 2 countries.[265]
 √
 Vietnam eVisa[266][267] 90 days X
 Yemen Visa required[268] √
 Zambia Visa not required[269] 90 days X
 Zimbabwe Visa on arrival[270] 30 days X

Territories and disputed areas

Visa requirements for Serbian citizens for visits to various territories, disputed areas, partially recognised countries and restricted zones:

Visitor to Visa requirement Notes (excluding departure fees)
Europe
 Abkhazia Visa required[271]
Mount Athos Special permit required Special permit required (4 days: 25 euro for Orthodox visitors, 35 euro for non-Orthodox visitors, 18 euro for students). There is a visitors' quota: maximum 100 Orthodox and 10 non-Orthodox per day and women are not allowed.[272][273]
Autonomous Republic of Crimea Crimea Visa not required Territory accessed under Russian visa policy.[274]
 Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus Visa not required 3 months[275]
United Nations UN Buffer Zone in Cyprus Access Permit required[276] Access Permit is required for travelling inside the zone, except Civil Use Areas.
 Faroe Islands Visa not required[277] 90 days
 Gibraltar Visa required[278]
 Guernsey Visa required[279]
 Isle of Man Visa required[280]
Norway Jan Mayen Permit required Permit issued by the local police required for staying for less than 24 hours[281] and permit issued by the Norwegian police for staying for more than 24 hours.[282]
 Jersey Visa required[283]
 Kosovo Visa not required ID card valid.
 Russia Special authorization required Several closed cities and regions in Russia require special authorization.[284]
 South Ossetia Visa not required Multiple entry visa to Russia and three-day prior notification are required to enter South Ossetia.[285][286]
 Transnistria Visa not required Registration required after 24h.[287][288]
Africa
 British Indian Ocean Territory Special permit required Special permit required.[289]
 Eritrea outside Asmara Travel permit required To travel in the rest of the country, a Travel Permit for Foreigners is required (20 Eritrean nakfa).[290]
 Mayotte Visa not required[291] 90 days
 Réunion Visa not required[292] 90 days
 Ascension Island eVisa[293][294] 3 months within any year period.
 Saint Helena eVisa[295]
 Tristan da Cunha Permission required Permission to land required for 15/30 pounds sterling (yacht/ship passenger) for Tristan da Cunha Island or 20 pounds sterling for Gough Island, Inaccessible Island or Nightingale Islands.[296]
 Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic Undefined visa regime in the Western Sahara controlled territory.
 Somaliland Visa on arrival 30 days for 30 US dollars, payable on arrival.[297][298]
 Sudan Travel permit required All foreigners traveling more than 25 kilometers outside of Khartoum must obtain a travel permit.
Sudan Darfur Travel permit required Separate travel permit is required.[299]
Asia
 Hong Kong Visa not required 14 days[300] Only the passport with biometric cover
 India PAP/RAP PAP/RAP required Protected Area Permit (PAP) required for whole states of Nagaland and Sikkim and parts of states Manipur, Arunachal Pradesh, Uttaranchal, Jammu and Kashmir, Rajasthan, Himachal Pradesh. Restricted Area Permit (RAP) required for all of Andaman and Nicobar Islands and parts of Sikkim. Some of these requirements are occasionally lifted for a year.[301][302][303][304][305][306]
 Kazakhstan Special permission required Special permission required for the town of Baikonur and surrounding areas in Kyzylorda Oblast, and the town of Gvardeyskiy near Almaty.[307]
Iran Kish Island Visa not required Visitors to Kish Island do not require a visa.[308]
 Macao Visa not required 90 days[309]
Maldives Maldives Permission required With the exception of the capital Malé, tourists are generally prohibited from visiting non-resort islands without the express permission of the Government of Maldives.[310]
 North Korea outside Pyongyang Special permit required People are not allowed to leave the capital city, tourists can only leave the capital with a governmental tourist guide (no independent moving)
 Palestine Visa not required[311] Arrival by sea to Gaza Strip not allowed.[312]
 Taiwan Visa required[313]
Tajikistan Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province OIVR permit required OIVR permit required (15+5 Tajikistani Somoni) and another special permit (free of charge) is required for Lake Sarez.[314][315][316]
China Tibet Autonomous Region TTP required Tibet Travel Permit required (10 US Dollars).[317][318][319]
 Turkmenistan Special permit required A special permit, issued prior to arrival by Ministry of Foreign Affairs, is required if visiting the following places: Atamurat, Cheleken, Dashoguz, Serakhs and Serhetabat.[320]
United Nations Korean Demilitarized Zone Restricted zone.
United Nations UNDOF Zone and Ghajar Restricted zone.
Vietnam Phú Quốc Visa not required 30 days[321]
 Yemen Special permission required Special permission needed for travel outside Sana’a or Aden.[322]
Americas
 Anguilla eVisa[323]
 Aruba Visa not required[324] 30 days
 Bermuda Visa required[325]
Netherlands Bonaire, St. Eustatius and Saba Visa not required[326] 90 days
 British Virgin Islands Visa required[327]
 Cayman Islands Visa required[328] Transit visa required.
 Curaçao Visa not required[329] 90 days
 French Guiana Visa not required[330] 90 days
France French West Indies Visa not required 90 days; includes overseas departments of Guadeloupe and Martinique and overseas collectivities of Saint Martin and Saint Barthélemy
 Greenland Visa not required[331] 90 days
 Montserrat eVisa[332][333]
 Puerto Rico Visa required[334]
 Saint Pierre and Miquelon Visa not required 90 days
 Sint Maarten Visa not required[335] 90 days
 Turks and Caicos Islands Visa required[336]
 U.S. Virgin Islands Visa required[337]
Oceania
 American Samoa Entry permit required[338]
Australia Ashmore and Cartier Islands Special authorisation required Special authorisation required.[339]
France Clipperton Island Special permit required Special permit required.[340]
 Cook Islands Visa not required 31 days[341]
Fiji Lau Province Special permission required Special permission required.[342]
 French Polynesia Visa not required[343] 90 days
 Guam Visa required[344]
 New Caledonia Visa not required[345] 90 days
 Niue Visa on arrival 30 days[346]
 Northern Mariana Islands Visa required[347]
 Pitcairn Islands Visa not required 14 days visa-free and landing fee 35 USD or tax of 5 USD if not going ashore.[348][349][350]
 Tokelau Visa required
United States United States Minor Outlying Islands Special permits required Special permits required for Baker Island, Howland Island, Jarvis Island, Johnston Atoll, Kingman Reef, Midway Atoll, Palmyra Atoll and Wake Island.[351][352][353][354][355][356][357]
 Wallis and Futuna Visa not required 90 days
South America
Galápagos Pre-registration required Online pre-registration is required. Transit Control Card must also be obtained at the airport prior to departure.[358]
South Atlantic and Antarctica
 Falkland Islands Visa required[359]
 South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands Permit required Pre-arrival permit from the Commissioner required (72 hours/1 month for 110/160 pounds sterling).[360][361]
Antarctica Special permits required for  British Antarctic Territory,  French Southern and Antarctic Lands,  Argentine Antarctica, Australia Australian Antarctic Territory, Antártica Chilena Province Chilean Antarctic Territory, Australia Heard Island and McDonald Islands, Norway Peter I Island, Norway Queen Maud Land, New Zealand Ross Dependency.[362][363][364][365][366][367][368][369][370][371][372][373]

Diplomatic and official passports

Countries Stay
 Azerbaijan[374] 90 days
 Bangladesh[375] 30 days
 Bolivia[376] 90 days
 China[377] 90 days
 El Salvador[378] 90 days
 Ethiopia[379] 90 days
 Guatemala[380] 90 days
 Honduras[381] 90 days
 India[382] 90 days
 Iran[383] 90 days
 Jordan[384] 90 days
 Kyrgyzstan[385] 90 days
 Laos[386] 90 days
 Lebanon[387] 90 days
 North Korea[388] 90 days
 Mali[389] 30 days
 Mexico[390] 180 days
 Morocco[391] 90 days
 Kuwait[392] 90 days
 Nicaragua[393] 90 days
 Pakistan[394] 30 days
 Russia[395] 90 days
 Thailand[396] 90 days
 Ukraine[397] 90 days
 United Arab Emirates[398] 90 days
 Vietnam[399] 90 days
 Zimbabwe[400] 90 days

Serbian identity card as optional passport replacement

Serbian identity card

Serbian identity cards can be used instead of a passport for travel to some Balkan countries and territories that have signed bilateral agreements with Serbia.

Countries and territories Stay
 Albania[401] 90 days
 Bosnia and Herzegovina[402] 90 days
 Kosovo 90 days
 Montenegro[403] 30 days
 North Macedonia[404] 90 days

Non-visa restrictions

This section is transcluded from Non-visa travel restrictions. (edit | history)

Many countries have entry restrictions on foreigners that go beyond the common requirement of having either a valid visa or a visa exemption. Such restrictions may be health related or impose additional documentation requirements on certain classes of people for diplomatic or political purposes.

Blank passport pages

Many countries require a minimum number of blank pages to be available in the passport being presented, typically one or two pages.[405] Endorsement pages, which often appear after the visa pages, are not counted as being valid or available.

Vaccination

Main articles: Vaccination requirements for international travel, International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis, and Vaccine passports during the COVID-19 pandemic
Cover of the new International Certificate of Vaccination issued by the Bureau of Quarantine in the Philippines since 2021

Many African countries, including Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone and Togo, South Sudan, Uganda, and Zambia, require all incoming passengers older than nine months to one year[406] to have a current International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis, as does the South American territory of French Guiana.[407]

Some other countries require vaccination only if the passenger is coming from an infected area or has visited one recently or has transited for 12 hours in those countries: Algeria, Botswana, Cabo Verde, Chad, Djibouti, Egypt, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Lesotho, Libya, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Papua New Guinea, Seychelles, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Tunisia, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe.[408][409]

Passport validity length

Very few countries, such as Paraguay, just require a valid passport on arrival.

However many countries and groupings now require only an identity card – especially from their neighbours. Other countries may have special bilateral arrangements that depart from the generality of their passport validity length policies to shorten the period of passport validity required for each other's citizens[410][411] or even accept passports that have already expired (but not been cancelled).[412]

Some countries, such as Japan,[413] Ireland and the United Kingdom,[414] require a passport valid throughout the period of the intended stay.

In the absence of specific bilateral agreements, countries requiring passports to be valid for at least 6 more months on arrival include Afghanistan, Algeria, Anguilla, Bahrain,[415] Bhutan, Botswana, British Virgin Islands, Brunei, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Cayman Islands, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Curaçao, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Fiji, Gabon, Guinea Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel,[416] Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Laos, Madagascar, Malaysia, Marshall Islands, Mongolia, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Oman, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Peru,[417] Philippines,[418] Qatar, Rwanda, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Tokelau, Tonga, Turkey, Tuvalu, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, Vanuatu, Venezuela, and Vietnam.[419]

Countries requiring passports valid for at least 4 months on arrival include Micronesia and Zambia.

Countries requiring passports with a validity of at least 3 months beyond the date of intended departure include Azerbaijan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Honduras, Montenegro, Nauru, Moldova and New Zealand. Similarly, the EEA countries of Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, all European Union countries (except Ireland) together with Switzerland also require 3 months validity beyond the date of the bearer's intended departure unless the bearer is an EEA or Swiss national.

Countries requiring passports valid for at least 3 months on arrival include Albania, North Macedonia, Panama, and Senegal.

Bermuda requires passports to be valid for at least 45 days upon entry.

Countries that require a passport validity of at least one month beyond the date of intended departure include Eritrea, Hong Kong, Lebanon, Macau, the Maldives[420] and South Africa.

Criminal record

Some countries, including Australia, Canada, Fiji, New Zealand and the United States,[421] routinely deny entry to non-citizens who have a criminal record, while others impose restrictions depending on the type of conviction and the length of the sentence.

Persona non grata

The government of a country can declare a diplomat persona non grata, banning them from entering the country or expelling them if they have already entered. In non-diplomatic use, the authorities of a country may also declare a foreigner persona non grata permanently or temporarily, usually because of unlawful activity.[422]

Israeli stamps

Israeli border control Entry Permit (issued as a stand-alone document rather than a stamp affixed in a passport)

Kuwait,[423] Lebanon,[424] Libya,[425] Syria,[426] and Yemen[427] do not allow entry to people with passport stamps from Israel or whose passports have either a used or an unused Israeli visa, or where there is evidence of previous travel to Israel such as entry or exit stamps from neighbouring border posts in transit countries such as Jordan and Egypt.

To circumvent this Arab League boycott of Israel, the Israeli immigration services have now mostly ceased to stamp foreign nationals' passports on either entry to or exit from Israel (unless the entry is for some work-related purposes). Since 15 January 2013, Israel no longer stamps foreign passports at Ben Gurion Airport. Passports are still (as of 22 June 2017) stamped at Erez when passing into and out of Gaza.[citation needed]

Iran refuses admission to holders of passports containing an Israeli visa or stamp that is less than 12 months old.

Biometrics

See also: Countries applying biometrics

Several countries mandate that all travellers, or all foreign travellers, be fingerprinted on arrival and will refuse admission to or even arrest travellers who refuse to comply. In some countries, such as the United States, this may apply even to transit passengers who merely wish to change planes rather than go landside.[428]

Fingerprinting countries/regions include Afghanistan,[429][430] Argentina,[431] Brunei, Cambodia,[432] China,[433] Ethiopia,[434] Ghana, Guinea,[435] India, Japan,[436][437] Kenya (both fingerprints and a photo are taken),[438] Malaysia upon entry and departure,[439] Mongolia, Saudi Arabia,[440] Singapore, South Korea,[441] Taiwan, Thailand,[442] Uganda,[443] the United Arab Emirates and the United States.

Many countries also require a photo be taken of people entering the country. The United States, which does not fully implement exit control formalities at its land frontiers (although long mandated by its own legislation),[444][445][446] intends to implement facial recognition for passengers departing from international airports to identify people who overstay their visa.[447]

Together with fingerprint and face recognition, iris scanning is one of three biometric identification technologies internationally standardised since 2006 by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) for use in e-passports[448] and the United Arab Emirates conducts iris scanning on visitors who need to apply for a visa.[449][450]

See also

References

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Notes

  1. ^ a b Excluding holders of Serbian passports issued by the Coordination Directorate for Kosovo and Metohija.
  2. ^
  3. ^
  4. ^
    • Panghok - Taichang (Vietnam)
    • Lantui - Baka (China)
    • Meuang mom - Wan Pong (Myanmar)
    • Tanalaeng Dry Port - Nongkai (Thailand)
    • Nonghaed - Nam kanh (Vietnam)
    • Pakxan - Bungkan (Thailand)
    • Nam phao - Cau treo (Vietnam)
    • Na pao - Cha lo (Vietnam)
    • Nam ngeun - Huay konl (Thailand)
    • Namheuang - Nakaseng (Thailand)
    • Phoudou (Thailand)
    • Nam soy - Na meo (Vietnam)
    • Phoukeua - Kontoum (Vietnam)
    • Lalai (Vietnam)
    • Pangmone - Phayao (Thailand)
    • Daktaock - Nam Giang (Vietnam)
    • Savannakhet Airport
  5. ^
    • Vientiane
    • Savannakhet
    • Bokeo
  6. ^
    • Vientiane
    • Savannakhet
    • Khammouane
    • Bokeo
  7. ^
    • Samliemkham (Thailand and Myanmar)
    • Tanalaeng - Nongkai (Thailand)
    • Daensavan - Lao bao (Vietnam)
    • Veunkham - Nong nok khian (Cambodia)
    • Vang tao - Chongmek (Thailand)
    • Boten - Bo han (China)
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