William Bridgeman, 1st Viscount Bridgeman

The Right Honourable
The Viscount Bridgeman
PC JP DL
The Right Honourable The Viscount Bridgeman PC JP DL
First Lord of the Admiralty
	In office; 6 November 1924 – 4 June 1929
Monarch	George V
Prime Minister	Stanley Baldwin
Preceded by	The Viscount Chelmsford
Succeeded by	A. V. Alexander
Home Secretary
	In office; 25 October 1922 – 22 January 1924
Monarch	George V
Prime Minister	Bonar Law; Stanley Baldwin
Preceded by	Edward Shortt
Succeeded by	Arthur Henderson
Secretary for Mines
	In office; 22 August 1920 – 25 October 1922
Monarch	George V
Prime Minister	David Lloyd George
Preceded by	Office established
Succeeded by	George Lane-Fox
Parliamentary Secretary to the Board of Trade
	In office; 10 January 1919 – 22 August 1920
Monarch	George V
Prime Minister	David Lloyd George
Preceded by	George Wardle
Succeeded by	Sir Philip Lloyd-Greame
Parliamentary Secretary to the Ministry of Labour
	In office; 22 December 1916 – 10 January 1919
Monarch	George V
Prime Minister	David Lloyd George
Preceded by	Office established
Succeeded by	George Wardle
Lord Commissioner of the Treasury
	In office; 30 May 1915 – 5 December 1916
Monarch	George V
Prime Minister	H. H. Asquith
Preceded by	Cecil Beck
Succeeded by	James Hope
Member of the House of Lords; Lord Temporal
	In office; 18 June 1929 – 14 August 1935 ; Hereditary peerage
Preceded by	Peerage created
Succeeded by	The 2nd Viscount Bridgeman
Member of Parliament; for Oswestry
	In office; 8 February 1906 – 10 May 1929
Preceded by	Allan Heywood Bright
Succeeded by	Bertie Leighton
Personal details
Born	31 December 1864; London
Died	14 August 1935 (aged 70); Leigh Manor, Shropshire
Nationality	British
Political party	Conservative
Spouse	Caroline Parker (d. 1961)
Alma mater	Trinity College, Cambridge

William Clive Bridgeman, 1st Viscount Bridgeman, PC, JP, DL (31 December 1864 – 14 August 1935) was a British Conservative politician and peer. He notably served as Home Secretary between 1922 and 1924. He was also an active cricketer.

Background and education

Bridgeman was born in London, United Kingdom, the son of Reverend Hon. John Robert Orlando Bridgeman, third son of the 2nd Earl of Bradford, and Marianne Caroline Clive. He was educated at Eton and Trinity College, Cambridge.^[1] While there he was secretary of the Pitt Club.^[2]

Cricketing

While at Cambridge, he played first-class cricket for the Cambridge University Cricket Club.^[3] Below first-class he played at county level for Shropshire, appearing 31 times between 1884 and 1903, achieving a century in one match with 159 runs, while playing at club level for Worthen and for Blymhill in Staffordshire. In 1931 he served as President of the Marylebone Cricket Club.^[4]

Political career

Bridgeman entered a career in politics early, becoming assistant private secretary to Lord Knutsford, the Colonial Secretary (1889–1892), and then to Sir Michael Hicks-Beach, the Chancellor of the Exchequer from 1895 to 1897. In 1897 he became a member of the London School Board, and in 1904 he was elected to the London County Council. In 1906 he was elected as a member of parliament (MP) for Oswestry (a seat he previously contested at a by-election in 1904^[5]), staying in this seat until his retirement in 1929. In 1909 he was appointed a member of a Royal Commission on the selection of Justices of the Peace.^[6]

In 1911, Bridgeman became an opposition whip, and became a government whip in the Asquith coalition government in 1915. From 1915 to 1916, he was Lord of the Treasury^[7] and Assistant Director of the War Trade Department. With the creation of Lloyd George's coalition in 1916, Bridgeman became Parliamentary Secretary to the Ministry of Labour until 1919, and then Parliamentary Secretary to the Board of Trade in 1919 and 1920, and then served as Secretary for Mines from 1920 to 1922. In these roles, Bridgeman became a devoted opponent of strikes and socialism, although he came to admire more moderate trade unionists. He was appointed to the Privy Council on 13 October 1920.^[8]

In October 1922, Bridgeman was one of the leaders of the Conservative revolt against the coalition's leadership, and he became Home Secretary in the new Conservative governments of Bonar Law and Stanley Baldwin from 1922 until January 1924. He developed here a reputation for harshness and resolve, which continued in his time as First Lord of the Admiralty from November 1924^[9]^[10] to June 1929. Throughout, he was one of Conservative leader Stanley Baldwin's closest allies.

While outside his Admiralty brief, Bridgeman introduced, on behalf of the Archbishop of Canterbury, Randall Davidson, a Bill for a revised version of the Church of England Prayer Book in the House of Commons in 1927, following its successful passing in the House of Lords. Bridgeman made a listless speech that did not impress MPs.^[11] Opposing, William Joynson-Hicks, the then Home Secretary, spoke vehemently, maintaining that the new Prayer-book opened the door to Romish practices.^[12]^[13] Davidson privately wrote of Bridgeman's speech, "He absolutely muffed it. It was a poor speech with no knowledge and no fire";^[14] The Commons rejected the bill by 238 votes to 205.^[15]

Bridgeman retired from the Commons in 1929, and on 18 June that year was created Viscount Bridgeman, of Leigh in the County of Shropshire.^[16]

Later life

In his later years, he served as chairman of various commissions and committees, as well as, briefly, Chairman of the BBC. He became Justice of Peace and Deputy Lieutenant of Shropshire, and received an Honorary Doctor of Law from the University of Cambridge in 1930.

Family

Lord Bridgeman married Caroline Beatrix Parker, daughter of Hon. Cecil Thomas Parker and Rosamond Esther Harriet Longley, daughter of the Most Rev. Charles Thomas Longley, Archbishop of Canterbury, in Eccleston, Chester, on 30 April 1895. They had four children:

Robert Bridgeman, 2nd Viscount Bridgeman (1896–1982)
Brigadier Hon. Geoffrey Bridgeman (1898–1974)
Anne Bridgeman (1900–1900)
Hon. Sir Maurice Bridgeman (1904–1980)

Lord Bridgeman died in Leigh Manor, Shropshire, on 14 August 1935, aged 70, and was buried in the churchyard at Hope near Minsterley three days later. The Viscountess Bridgeman died in December 1961.

References

^ "Bridgeman, William Clive (BRGN884WC)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
^ Fletcher, Walter Morley (2011) [1935]. The University Pitt Club: 1835–1935 (First Paperback ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 89. ISBN 978-1-107-60006-5.
^ CricketArchive: William Bridgeman
^ Percival, Tony (1999). Shropshire Cricketers 1844-1998. A.C.S. Publications, Nottingham. pp. 8, 41. ISBN 1-902171-17-9.Published under Association of Cricket Statisticians and Historians.
^ Who Was Who
^ "No. 28307". The London Gazette. 12 November 1909. pp. 8344–5.
^ "No. 29189". The London Gazette. 11 June 1915. p. 5630.
^ "No. 32759". The London Gazette (Supplement). 25 October 1922. p. 7528.
^ "No. 32989". The London Gazette. 7 November 1924. p. 8042.
^ "No. 32992". The London Gazette. 14 November 1924. p. 8245.
^ Bell, George (1935). Randall Davidson: Archbishop of Canterbury, Volume II. London: Oxford University Press. p. 1345. OCLC 896112401.
^ Bell (Volume II), pp. 1345–1346
^ "House of Commons", The Times, 16 December 1927, p. 7
^ Private Papers of Randall Davidson, Archbishop of Canterbury 1903–28, vol. xvi, Diaries and Memoranda, 1927–1930, Memorandum of 15 January 1928, pp. 11–12, quoted in Martell, p. 218
^ Bell (Volume II), p. 1346
^ "No. 33508". The London Gazette. 21 June 1929. p. 4118.

Sources

Williamson, Philip. The modernisation of conservative politics: the diaries and letters of William Bridgeman 1904-1935 (Historians' Press, 1988).

External links

Hansard 1803–2005: contributions in Parliament by William Bridgeman

Parliament of the United Kingdom
Preceded by Allan Heywood Bright	Member of Parliament for Oswestry 1906–1929	Succeeded by Bertie Leighton
Political offices
Preceded by Edward Shortt	Home Secretary 1922–1924	Succeeded by Arthur Henderson
Preceded by The Viscount Chelmsford	First Lord of the Admiralty 1924–1929	Succeeded by A. V. Alexander
Media offices
Preceded by John Henry Whitley	Chairman of the BBC Board of Governors 1935	Succeeded by Ronald Collet Norman
Peerage of the United Kingdom
New creation	Viscount Bridgeman 1929–1935	Succeeded by Robert Clive Bridgeman

[1] "Bridgeman, William Clive (BRGN884WC)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.

[2] Fletcher, Walter Morley (2011) [1935]. The University Pitt Club: 1835–1935 (First Paperback ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 89. ISBN 978-1-107-60006-5.

[3] CricketArchive: William Bridgeman

[4] Percival, Tony (1999). Shropshire Cricketers 1844-1998. A.C.S. Publications, Nottingham. pp. 8, 41. ISBN 1-902171-17-9.Published under Association of Cricket Statisticians and Historians.

[5] Who Was Who

[6] "No. 28307". The London Gazette. 12 November 1909. pp. 8344–5.

[7] "No. 29189". The London Gazette. 11 June 1915. p. 5630.

[8] "No. 32759". The London Gazette (Supplement). 25 October 1922. p. 7528.

[9] "No. 32989". The London Gazette. 7 November 1924. p. 8042.

[10] "No. 32992". The London Gazette. 14 November 1924. p. 8245.

[11] Bell, George (1935). Randall Davidson: Archbishop of Canterbury, Volume II. London: Oxford University Press. p. 1345. OCLC 896112401.

[12] Bell (Volume II), pp. 1345–1346

[13] "House of Commons", The Times, 16 December 1927, p. 7

[14] Private Papers of Randall Davidson, Archbishop of Canterbury 1903–28, vol. xvi, Diaries and Memoranda, 1927–1930, Memorandum of 15 January 1928, pp. 11–12, quoted in Martell, p. 218

[15] Bell (Volume II), p. 1346

[16] "No. 33508". The London Gazette. 21 June 1929. p. 4118.

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