案

案 U+6848, 案 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6848 ← 桇 [U+6847] CJK Unified Ideographs 桉 → [U+6849]

Translingual

Character 案

Stroke order

Han character

案 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+6, 10 strokes, cangjie input 十女木 (JVD), four-corner 3090₄, composition ⿱安木)

Derived characters

• 𭢀, 𣗈

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 525, character 9
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14762
• Dae Jaweon: page 914, character 3
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1207, character 8
• Unihan data for U+6848

Chinese

trad.		案
simp. #		案
alternative forms		桉

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (安) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
安	*qaːn
鞍	*qaːn
鞌	*qaːn
侒	*qaːn
按	*qaːns
案	*qaːns
洝	*qaːns
荌	*qaːns
晏	*qaːns, *qraːns
鴳	*qraːns
騴	*qraːns
鷃	*qraːns
頞	*qaːd
胺	*qaːd
咹	*qaːd

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qaːns) : semantic 木 + phonetic 安 (OC *qaːn).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): àn (an⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄢˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): on³ / ngon³
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): on

  (Meixian, Guangdong): on⁴

• Eastern Min (BUC): áng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): àn / òaⁿ

  (Teochew, Peng'im): uan³ / ang³

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵oe

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: àn
    • Zhuyin: ㄢˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: àn
    • Wade–Giles: an⁴
    • Yale: àn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ann
    • Palladius: ань (anʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˀän⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: on³ / ngon³
    • Yale: on / ngon
    • Cantonese Pinyin: on³ / ngon³
    • Guangdong Romanization: on³ / ngon³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɔːn³³/, /ŋɔːn³³/

Note: The zero initial /∅-/ is commonly pronounced with a ng-initial /ŋ-/ in some varieties of Cantonese, including Hong Kong Cantonese.

• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: on
    • Hakka Romanization System: on
    • Hagfa Pinyim: on⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /on⁵⁵/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: on⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /ɔn⁵³/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: áng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɑŋ²¹³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: àn
    • Tâi-lô: àn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: axn
    • IPA (Taipei): /an¹¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /an⁴¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /an²¹/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: òaⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: uànn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: voax
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /uã⁴¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /uã¹¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /uã²¹/

Note:

• àn - literary;
• òaⁿ - vernacular.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: uan³ / ang³
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: uàⁿ / àng
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ũã²¹³/, /aŋ²¹³/

Note:

• uan3 - vernacular;
• ang3 - literary.

• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁵oe
    • MiniDict: oe^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²oe
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ø³⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: 'anH

Rime
Character	案
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	影 (34)
Final (韻)	寒 (61)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	烏旰切
Baxter	'anH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔɑnH/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔɑnH/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔɑnH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔanH/
Li Rong	/ʔɑnH/
Wang Li	/ɑnH/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʔɑnH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	àn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	on3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*ʔˤa[n]-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*qaːns/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	案
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	àn
Middle Chinese	‹ ʔanH ›
Old Chinese	/*ʔˁa[n]-s/
English	stool; tray
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	案
Reading #	1/1
No.	16
Phonetic component	安
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	按
Old Chinese	/*qaːns/

Definitions

案

1. long table; counter
2. long board that serves as a table or counter
3. (law) case (legal matter, proceeding or lawsuit)
4. event; incident; occurrence
5. record; file
6. plan submitted for consideration; proposal
7. wooden plate used to serve food in ancient times

   舉案齊眉／举案齐眉  ―  jǔ'ànqíméi  ―  literally, "to raise the tray to eyebrow level (as a sign of respect)"

8. (dated) alternative form of 按 (àn, “to check against something; to make comments; to write notes”)

   • 孝文皇帝可謂明矣，案其《本紀》，不見鳳鳥與河圖。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     孝文皇帝可谓明矣，案其《本纪》，不见凤鸟与河图。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Wang Chong, Lun Heng (Discussive Weighing), 80 CE, translated based on Alfred Forke's version

     Xiàowén Huángdì kěwèi míng yǐ, àn qí “Běnjì”, bùjiàn fèngniǎo yǔ hétú. [Pinyin]

     Emperor Xiaowen deserved the name of a wise ruler, yet in his Annal (lit., "checking against his Annal") we find nothing about a phœnix or the Plan of the River.

Synonyms

• (long table): 案子 (ànzi)
• (case):

edit

• 個案／个案 (gè'àn) (individual case)
• 案件 (ànjiàn) (legal matter, proceeding or lawsuit)
• 案例 (ànlì)
• 案子 (ànzi)

 

• (file): 案件 (ànjiàn)

Compounds

• 一清專案／一清专案
• 三曹對案／三曹对案
• 三頭對案／三头对案
• 不信任案
• 了案
• 五三慘案／五三惨案 (Wǔ-Sān Cǎn'àn)
• 五卅慘案／五卅惨案 (Wǔ-Sà Cǎn'àn)
• 伏案 (fú'àn)
• 併案／并案 (bìng'àn)
• 保案
• 個案／个案 (gè'àn)
• 個案分析／个案分析
• 個案研究／个案研究 (gè'àn yánjiū)
• 做案
• 備案／备案 (bèi'àn)
• 六四慘案／六四惨案 (Liù-Sì Cǎn'àn)
• 公案 (gōng'àn)
• 六案孔目
• 公案比語／公案比语
• 几案 (jī'àn)
• 凶案 (xiōng'àn)
• 凶殺案
• 刑事案
• 刑案
• 到案 (dào'àn)
• 包公案
• 匿案
• 南山鐵案／南山铁案
• 原案 (yuán'àn)
• 同案
• 吃案
• 命案 (mìng'àn)
• 問案／问案 (wèn'àn)
• 團案／团案
• 圖案／图案 (tú'àn)
• 圖案畫／图案画
• 在案 (zài'àn)
• 堂案
• 報案／报案 (bào'àn)
• 報案中心／报案中心
• 奇案
• 存案
• 孟光舉案／孟光举案
• 學案／学案
• 宋元學案／宋元学案
• 定案 (dìng'àn)
• 審案／审案 (shěn'àn)
• 專案／专案 (zhuān'àn)
• 專案小組／专案小组
• 工作方案
• 帶案／带案
• 幾何圖案／几何图案
• 底案
• 建議案／建议案
• 弊案
• 彌天案／弥天案
• 彭公案
• 御案
• 復案／复案
• 慘案／惨案 (cǎn'àn)
• 懸案／悬案 (xuán'àn)
• 成案
• 投案 (tóu'àn)
• 拍案 (pāi'àn)
• 拍案叫妙
• 拍案叫絕／拍案叫绝 (pāi'ànjiàojué)
• 拍案怒罵／拍案怒骂
• 拍案稱奇／拍案称奇
• 拍案而起
• 拍案驚奇／拍案惊奇 (pāi'ànjīngqí)
• 推案 (tuī'àn)
• 掌案
• 掌案的
• 提案 (tí'àn)
• 搶案／抢案 (qiǎng'àn)
• 攲案 (qī'àn)
• 教案 (jiào'àn)
• 文案 (wén'àn)
• 斷案／断案 (duàn'àn)
• 方案 (fāng'àn)
• 施公案
• 書案／书案 (shū'àn)
• 有案
• 有案可查 (yǒu'ànkěchá)
• 有案可稽 (yǒu'ànkějī)
• 朝陽方案／朝阳方案
• 未了公案
• 查案 (chá'àn)
• 案事
• 案件 (ànjiàn)
• 案伯
• 案例 (ànlì)
• 案元
• 案兵
• 案兵不動／案兵不动
• 案兵束甲
• 案准
• 案卷 (ànjuàn)
• 案問／案问
• 案堵
• 案奉
• 案子 (ànzi)
• 案情 (ànqíng)
• 案據／案据 (ànjù)
• 案板 (ànbǎn)
• 案桌
• 案比
• 案牘／案牍 (àndú)
• 案牘勞形／案牍劳形
• 案牘勞煩／案牍劳烦
• 案由 (ànyóu)
• 案目
• 案秤 (ànchèng)
• 案節／案节
• 桃色案件
• 案衍 (ànyǎn)
• 案語／案语 (ànyǔ)
• 案部
• 案酒
• 案長／案长
• 案頭／案头 (àntóu)
• 案頭劇／案头剧
• 案頭書／案头书
• 案首 (ànshǒu)
• 案驗／案验 (ànyàn)
• 梁案
• 條案／条案 (tiáo'àn)
• 檔案／档案 (dàng'àn)
• 檔案夾／档案夹
• 檔案室／档案室
• 檔案管理／档案管理
• 權利法案／权利法案 (quánlì fǎ'àn)
• 欽案／钦案
• 歸案／归案 (guī'àn)
• 水門案／水门案
• 沙基慘案／沙基惨案 (Shājī Cǎn'àn)
• 沒頭案子／没头案子
• 治平專案／治平专案
• 法案 (fǎ'àn)
• 涉案 (shè'àn)
• 添案小吃
• 滅門血案／灭门血案
• 濟南慘案／济南惨案 (Jǐnán Cǎn'àn)
• 無頭公案／无头公案 (wútóugōng'àn)
• 無頭案／无头案 (wútóu'àn)
• 犯案 (fàn'àn)
• 獄案／狱案
• 玉案
• 璞玉專案／璞玉专案
• 畫眉舉案／画眉举案
• 當案／当案
• 疑案 (yí'àn)
• 病案 (bìng'àn)
• 白案 (bái'àn)
• 盜案／盗案 (dào'àn)
• 盤案／盘案
• 破案 (pò'àn)
• 神案
• 禮案／礼案
• 租借法案
• 稿案
• 積案／积案 (jī'àn)
• 積案如山／积案如山
• 竊案／窃案 (qiè'àn)
• 立案 (lì'àn)
• 答案 (dá'àn)
• 答案卷
• 結案／结案 (jié'àn)
• 綁案／绑案
• 經案／经案
• 罪案 (zuì'àn)
• 翻案 (fān'àn)
• 考案畫／考案画
• 脈案／脉案
• 腹案 (fù'àn)
• 舉案齊眉／举案齐眉 (jǔ'ànqíméi)
• 舊案／旧案 (jiù'àn)
• 草案 (cǎo'àn)
• 菜案 (cài'àn)
• 螢窗雪案／萤窗雪案
• 血案 (xuè'àn)
• 要案
• 訟案／讼案 (sòng'àn)
• 說公案／说公案
• 議案／议案 (yì'àn)
• 議決案／议决案
• 貼紙圖案／贴纸图案
• 辦案／办案 (bàn'àn)
• 銷案／销案 (xiāo'àn)
• 鍘美案／铡美案
• 鐵案／铁案
• 鐵案如山／铁案如山
• 長案／长案
• 陽光法案／阳光法案
• 雪案
• 雪案螢燈／雪案萤灯
• 雪案螢窗／雪案萤窗
• 零方案
• 香案 (xiāng'àn)
• 騙案／骗案 (piàn'àn)
• 鴻案／鸿案
• 鴻案相莊／鸿案相庄
• 鴻案鹿車／鸿案鹿车
• 齊眉舉案／齐眉举案
• 龍圖公案／龙图公案

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (案):

• → Japanese: 案(あん) (an)
• → Korean: 안(案) (an)
• → Vietnamese: án (案)

Japanese

Kanji

案

(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

• Go-on: あん (an, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: あん (an, Jōyō)
• Kun: つくえ (tsukue, 案)、かんがえる (kangaeru, 案える)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
案
あん Grade: 4
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 案 (MC 'anH).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) あん [áꜜǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [ã̠ɴ]

Noun

案(あん) • (an) 

1. (literary) desk; table
2. idea; suggestion; opinion; thought
3. plan; proposal; bill
4. legal case
5. expectation; anticipation
6. rough draft

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
案
つくえ Grade: 4
kun'yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 案 – see the following entry.

【つくえつくゑ】 [noun] desk; table Alternative spelling 机

(This term, 案, is an alternative spelling (rare) of the above term.)

Korean

Hanja

案 (eumhun 책상 안 (chaeksang an))

1. hanja form^? of 안 (“(literal) desk; table”)
2. hanja form^? of 안 (“idea; suggestion; opinion; thought”)
3. hanja form^? of 안 (“plan; proposal; bill”)

Compounds

• 제안 (提案, jean, “suggestion”)

Tày

Verb

案 (án)

1. Nôm form of án (“to count”).

   每𨮍𫡲咟間代来
   分能達𫠯大[⿱那不]案

   Mọi bôm hả pác cha̱n ta̱i lai
   Phấn nâng tặt lồng đai ná án

   Each tray with five hundred dishes already aplenty
   One part more placed down, no counting

References

• Lục Văn Pảo, Hoàng Tuấn Nam (2003) Hoàng Triều Ân, editor, Từ điển chữ Nôm Tày [A Dictionary of (chữ) Nôm Tày]‎^[1] (in Vietnamese), Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản Khoa học Xã hội

Vietnamese

Han character

案: Hán Nôm readings: án

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.