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The microbiome in cancer immunotherapy: Diagnostic tools and therapeutic strategies.

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Affiliations

  • 1. Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), Equipe Labellisée-Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France.
      Authors
    • Zitvogel L 1
    (1 author)
  • 2. Center for Systems Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100005 Beijing, China.
      Authors
    • Ma Y 2
    (1 author)
  • 3. Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes, Aix Marseille Université, UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM 1095, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU)-Méditerranée Infection, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005 Marseille.
      Authors
    • Raoult D 3
    (1 author)
  • 4. Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France.
      Authors
    • Kroemer G 4
    (1 author)
  • 5. Department of Pathology, Department of Medicine, and the Ben May Department of Cancer, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60615, USA.
      Authors
    • Gajewski TF 5
    (1 author)

ORCIDs linked to this article

Science, 01 Mar 2018, 359(6382):1366-1370
https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aar6918 PMID: 29567708 

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Abstract 

The fine line between human health and disease can be driven by the interplay between host and microbial factors. This "metagenome" regulates cancer initiation, progression, and response to therapies. Besides the capacity of distinct microbial species to modulate the pharmacodynamics of chemotherapeutic drugs, symbiosis between epithelial barriers and their microbial ecosystems has a major impact on the local and distant immune system, markedly influencing clinical outcome in cancer patients. Efficacy of cancer immunotherapy with immune checkpoint antibodies can be diminished with administration of antibiotics, and superior efficacy is observed with the presence of specific gut microbes. Future strategies of precision medicine will likely rely on novel diagnostic and therapeutic tools with which to identify and correct defects in the microbiome that compromise therapeutic efficacy.

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Read article at publisher's site: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aar6918

Read article for free, from open access legal sources, via Unpaywall: https://science.sciencemag.org/content/sci/359/6382/1366.full.pdfUnpaywall

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