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The 2018 rift eruption and summit collapse of Kīlauea Volcano.

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Author information

Affiliations

  • 1. U.S. Geological Survey, Hawaiian Volcano Observatory, 51 Crater Rim Dr., Hawai'i National Park, Hawaii, HI 96718, USA.
      Authors
    • Neal CA 1
    • Brantley SR 1
    • Antolik L 1
    • Babb JL 1
    • Burgess M 1
    • Calles K 1
    • Cappos M 1
    • Chang JC 1
    • Conway S 1
    • Desmither L 1
    • Dotray P 1
    • Elias T 1
    • Fukunaga P 1
    • Fuke S 1
    • Johanson IA 1
    • Kamibayashi K 1
    • Kauahikaua J 1
    • Lee RL 1
    • Pekalib S 1
    • Miklius A 1
    • Million W 1
    • Moniz CJ 1
    • Nadeau PA 1
    • Okubo P 1
    • Parcheta C 1
    • Patrick MR 1
    • Shiro B 1
    • Swanson DA 1
    • Tollett W 1
    • Trusdell F 1
    • Younger EF 1
    (31 authors)
  • 2. Center for the Study of Active Volcanoes, University of Hawai'i at Hilo, 200 W. Kāwili St., Hilo, HI 96720, USA.
      Authors
    • Zoeller MH 2
    (1 author)
  • 3. U.S. Geological Survey, California Volcano Observatory, 345 Middlefield Rd., Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA.
      Authors
    • Montgomery-Brown EK 3
    • Anderson KR 3
    • Ball JL 3
    • Damby D 3
    (4 authors)
  • 4. U.S. Geological Survey, Yellowstone Volcano Observatory, 1300 SE Cardinal Ct., Suite 100, Vancouver, WA 98683-9589, USA.
      Authors
    • Poland MP 4
    (1 author)
  • 5. U.S. Geological Survey, Cascades Volcano Observatory, 1300 SE Cardinal Ct., Suite 100, Vancouver, WA 98683-9589, USA.
      Authors
    • Bard J 5
    • Kern C 5
    • Thelen WA 5
    • Diefenbach AK 5
    • Kelly P 5
    • Clor L 5
    (6 authors)
    • Show all (14)

ORCIDs linked to this article

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Science, 11 Dec 2018, 363(6425):367-374
https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aav7046 PMID: 30538164 

Abstract 

In 2018, Kīlauea Volcano experienced its largest lower East Rift Zone (LERZ) eruption and caldera collapse in at least 200 years. After collapse of the Pu'u 'Ō'ō vent on 30 April, magma propagated downrift. Eruptive fissures opened in the LERZ on 3 May, eventually extending ~6.8 kilometers. A 4 May earthquake [moment magnitude (M w) 6.9] produced ~5 meters of fault slip. Lava erupted at rates exceeding 100 cubic meters per second, eventually covering 35.5 square kilometers. The summit magma system partially drained, producing minor explosions and near-daily collapses releasing energy equivalent to M w 4.7 to 5.4 earthquakes. Activity declined rapidly on 4 August. Summit collapse and lava flow volume estimates are roughly equivalent-about 0.8 cubic kilometers. Careful historical observation and monitoring of Kīlauea enabled successful forecasting of hazardous events.

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Read article at publisher's site: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aav7046

Read article for free, from open access legal sources, via Unpaywall: https://science.sciencemag.org/content/sci/363/6425/367.full.pdfUnpaywall

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