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Fig. 3.

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Comparison of selected models of acute lung injury (ALI). A and B: normal mouse lungs. The alveolar walls are very thin, and the majority of the alveoli contain no cells (magnification in A, ×100; B, ×400). C and D: lungs from a mouse euthanized 18 h after intratracheal instillation of 5 ng/g LPS. Note the patchy nature of the injury (C, ×100) and the presence of inflammatory infiltrates and vascular congestion (D, ×400). E and F: lungs from a rabbit euthanized 2 h after exposure to mechanical ventilation with Tv = 25 cc/kg, PEEP = 2.5 cmH2O, FiO2 = 0.5, and RR = 20 bpm. Note the presence of intra-alveolar neutrophilic infiltrates and the deposition of hyaline membranes (E, ×200; F, ×630). G and H: lungs from a mouse euthanized 21 days after the administration of intratracheal bleomycin. Note the presence of fibrotic areas (arrows) (G, ×200; H, ×400). I and J: lungs from a mouse euthanized 12 h after aerosolization of Escherichia coli, 1 × 108 cfu/ml. Note diffuse thickening of the alveolar spaces and intra-alveolar neutrophilic infiltrates (I, ×200; J, ×400). Hematoxylin and eosin.

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