| PMC full text: | N Engl J Med. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2011 Jul 22. Published in final edited form as: |
Table 3
Associations between Lung Function and Covariates of Ancestry-Based Models among Participants in the CARDIA Study, According to Sex.*
| Covariate | Men (N = 309) | Women (N = 468) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FEV1 | FVC | FEV1:FVC | FEV1 | FVC | FEV1:FVC | |
| milliliters | milliliters | |||||
| Intercept† | 3885.6 | 4763.9 | 81.8 | 2892.0 | 3368.4 | 86.1 |
| Age (per yr)‡ | 3.75 | 20.57 | −0.29 | −9.55 | 0.23 | −0.31 |
| African ancestry (per percentage point)§ | −8.14 | −12.12 | 0.04 | −5.54 | −5.41 | −0.03 |
| Lifetime smoking (per pack-yr)¶ | −9.13 | −7.82 | 0.00 | −14.95 | −8.72 | −0.22 |
| BMI (per unit)|| | 9.11 | 20.17 | −0.15 | −0.69 | −0.12 | −0.03 |
| Height (per cm)** | 38.53 | 53.70 | −0.12 | 33.62 | 42.58 | −0.07 |
| Square of height (per cm2)†† | −0.37 | 0.06 | −0.01 | 0.004 | 0.16 | −0.01 |
| Study site | ||||||
 Chicago‡‡ | −91.64 | −206.26 | 1.61 | 4.12 | 60.64 | −1.67 |
| Minnesota | 56.15 | −22.97 | 1.46 | −56.82 | −57.75 | −0.18 |
| Oakland§§ | −44.11 | −193.85 | 2.29 | −58.77 | −91.08 | 0.57 |
*The data are the milliliters (for forced expiratory volume in 1 second [FEV1] and forced vital capacity [FVC]) or ratios (for FEV1:FVC) associated with each listed covariate, after adjustment for all other covariates listed. The intercept value is added to the covariate value (after appropriate weighting) to obtain the lung-function estimate. Bold type indicates a significant association (P<0.05). CARDIA denotes the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study.
†P<0.001 for all coefficients for intercept.
‡For coefficients for age, P = 0.03 and P = 0.007 for FVC and FEV1:FVC among men, respectively, and P = 0.03 and P<0.001 for FEV1 and FEV1:FVC among women, respectively.
§For coefficients for African ancestry, P = 0.004 and P<0.001 for FEV1 and FVC among men, respectively, and P = 0.001 and P = 0.007 for FEV1 and FVC among women, respectively.
¶For coefficients for pack-years of smoking, P = 0.003 and P = 0.004 for FEV1 and FEV1:FVC among women, respectively.
||The body-mass index (BMI) is the weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters. For the coefficient for BMI, P = 0.01 for FVC among men.
**For coefficients for height, P<0.001 for FEV1 and FVC among men and women, and P = 0.03 and P = 0.04 for FEV1:FVC among men and among women, respectively.
††For the coefficient for the square of height, P = 0.051 for FEV1:FVC among women.
‡‡For the coefficients for Chicago, P = 0.03 for FVC among men and P = 0.02 for FEV1:FVC among women.
§§For the coefficients for Oakland, P = 0.02 for FVC and for FEV1:FVC among men.