PMC full text: | Twin Res Hum Genet. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2013 Oct 1. Published in final edited form as: |
Cannabis use |
Age of first use opportunity |
Age at initiation of cannabis use |
Initial reactions to cannabis use |
Weekly use |
Daily use |
Cannabis use disorders |
Abuse (Including age at onset) |
Dependence (DSM-IV, including withdrawal) |
Other illicit drug use |
Age of first use opportunity |
Lifetime use |
Age of onset |
Frequency of use (when used most) |
Abuse |
Dependence |
Tobacco use |
Initiation of smoking |
First reactions to tobacco |
Transition to weekly smoking (age) |
Transition to daily smoking (age) |
Current frequency of smoking |
Current cigarettes/day when smoked |
Maximum cigarettes in single day |
Tobacco dependence (DSM-IV) |
Alcohol use |
Initiation of alcohol use |
First reactions to alcohol |
Frequency of alcohol use |
Amounts consumed (current and maximum) |
Alcohol abuse/harmful use (DSM-IV) |
Alcohol dependence (DSM-IV) |
Parental alcohol use/problems |
Proximal risk factors |
Peer behaviors |
Perceived peer Smoking |
Perceived best friend’s smoking |
Perceived peer alcohol use |
Perceived best friend’s alcohol use |
Perceived peer delinquent behavior |
Perceived peer illicit drug use |
Perceived co-workers tobacco, alcohol, and illicit drug use |
Behavioral inhibition |
Major depression |
Suicidal ideation |
Suicide attempt |
Neuroticism (NEO) |
Social phobia (DSM) |
Panic disorder (DSM) |
Agoraphobia (DSM) |
Deliberate (nonsuicidal) self harm |
Behavioral undercontrol |
Childhood conduct disorder |
Antisocial personality disorder |
Childhood hyperactivity |
Childhood inattention |
Extraversion (NEO) |
Novelty seeking (TPQ) |
Sociodemographic |
Household income |
Parental educational levels |
Parental marital status & history |
Family structure & rearing history |
Ethnicity |
Religious affiliation & involvement |
Academic achievement |
School grades |
Educational history/status |
Family ‘environment’ variables |
Perceived parental conflict |
Perceived parent–child conflict |
Perceived sibling smoking, alcohol, illicit drug |
Parent–child relations — parental involvement |
Parental coldness, overprotection |
Parental major depression |
Parental alcohol dependence |
Parental discipline |
Risk modifiers |
Parent–child relations — parental control |