| PMC full text: |
|
Table 1
Selected population studies of associations between OSA and cardiovascular disease
| Authors | Participants | Study design | Outcome measures | Findings |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| OSA and hypertension | ||||
| Nieto et al. (62) | 6,132 subjects | Cross sectional | Relationship of OSA severity with prevalent hypertension | Severe OSA associated with increased odds of prevalent hypertension |
| Community based | (AOR 1.37) | |||
| Tkacova et al. (63) | 11,911 subjects | Cross sectional | Hypertension prevalence | AHI and ODI both independently predict prevalent hypertension |
| Clinic based | Stronger relationship between ODI and hypertension | |||
| Peppard et al. (64) | 709 subjects | Observational | Hypertension incidence | Increased hypertension incidence with increasing OSA severity |
| Community based | 4-8 years follow-up | AOR 2.89 for AHI >15 vs. AHI 0 | ||
| Marin et al. (65) | 1,889 subjects | Observational | Hypertension incidence | OSA associated with increased risk of hypertension |
| Clinic based | 12.2 years median follow-up | Analysis stratified by CPAP prescription and compliance | Increase in incidence abrogated by CPAP use | |
| OSA and coronary artery disease | ||||
| Gottlieb et al. (37) | 1,927 men | Observational | CAD disease incidence | No relationship between OSA severity and CAD in women |
| 2,495 women | 8.7 years median follow-up | HR 1.68 in men aged 40-70 with AHI ≥30 | ||
| Community based | ||||
| OSA and stroke | ||||
| Redline et al. (83) | 5,422 subjects | Observational | Stroke incidence | HR 2.86 in men in highest AHI quartile |
| Community based | 8.7 years median follow-up | Non-significant relationship with OSA severity in women | ||
| OSA and cardiovascular mortality | ||||
| Young et al. (71) | 1,522 subjects | Observational | Cardiovascular mortality | HR 5.2 with severe OSA in subjects who did not use CPAP |
| Community based | 18 years follow-up | |||
| Marin et al. (72) | 1,651 subjects | Observational | Cardiovascular mortality | HR 2.87 for fatal cardiovascular events with severe OSA |
| Clinic based | 10.1 years mean follow-up | Analysis stratified by CPAP use | CPAP use associated with incidence similar to controls | |
AHI, apnoea-hypopnoea index; AOR, adjusted odds ratio; ODI, oxyhemoglobin desaturation index; CAD, coronary artery disease; HR, hazard ratio; OSA, obstructive sleep apnea; CPAP, continuous positive airway pressure.