Surface-agnostic conductive coatings.(A) Digital images of 40-layer-pair coatings on various substrates (sheet resistance of coatings on slide glass, PDMS, PET, and kirigami PET: 7, 7, 4, and 4 kilohm per square, respectively). (B) A digital image and SEM images of bare nylon fiber and 20-layer-pair–coated nylon fiber. (C) Images to demonstrate conductive coating on nylon fiber (R = 26.5 megohm). (D) Sheet resistance of the MXene multilayers on glass. (E) Schematic illustration of an electric circuit with a battery, a light-emitting diode (LED), and the MXene multilayer (LbL film). Digital images to demonstrate the conductive coating on PET under bending and folding.