Neonatal Early-Onset Sepsis

Dustin D Flannery; Karen M Puopolo

doi:10.1542/neo.23-10-e756

Neonatal Early-Onset Sepsis

Neoreviews. 2022 Nov 1;23(11):756-770. doi: 10.1542/neo.23-10-e756.

Authors

Dustin D Flannery^{1

2

3}, Karen M Puopolo^{1

2

3}

Affiliations

¹ Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA.
² Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA.
³ Clinical Futures, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA.

PMID: 36316253
DOI: 10.1542/neo.23-10-e756

Abstract

Early-onset sepsis (EOS) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality among newborn infants, particularly among those born premature. The epidemiology of EOS is changing over time. Here, we highlight the most contemporary data informing the epidemiology of neonatal EOS, including incidence, microbiology, risk factors, and associated outcomes, with a focus on infants born in high-income countries during their birth hospitalization. We discuss approaches to risk assessment for EOS, summarizing national guidelines and comparing key differences between approaches for term and preterm infants. Lastly, we analyze contemporary antibiotic resistance data for EOS pathogens to inform optimal empiric treatment for EOS.

MeSH terms

Drug Resistance, Microbial
Humans
Infant
Infant, Newborn
Infant, Premature
Infant, Premature, Diseases* / diagnosis
Infant, Premature, Diseases* / epidemiology
Infant, Premature, Diseases* / therapy
Neonatal Sepsis* / diagnosis
Neonatal Sepsis* / drug therapy
Neonatal Sepsis* / epidemiology
Sepsis* / diagnosis
Sepsis* / drug therapy