The role of Bcl-2 family members in the progression of cutaneous melanoma

Clin Exp Metastasis. 2003;20(6):531-9. doi: 10.1023/a:1025874502181.

Abstract

The overwhelming problem of cutaneous melanoma is chemoresistance. Subversion of the biochemical changes that lead to chemoresistance intersects the apoptosis pathways. The mitochondrion has been a focal point of this intersection for the development of therapeutic strategies aimed at reducing the progression of melanoma. The Bcl-2 family of apoptotic regulators is arguably the most pivotal component to this mitochondrial response. The shear number of studies conducted on the relationship between melanoma and Bcl-2 members prompted us to evaluate the literature available and discern some rational utility of the data. We have found that there are striking inconsistencies for the expression of Bcl-2 family proteins with melanoma progression, particularly for Bcl-2. Roughly one-third of the data suggests an increase in Bcl-2 expression with advancing melanoma, while another third suggests a decrease. Furthermore, the remaining third found on the whole, a detectable level of Bcl-2 in all tissues of melanocytic origin. These discrepancies are difficult to rectify in light of the apparent success of recent clinical trials utilizing Bcl-2 antisense strategies. The general consensus in the literature is that pro-apoptotic Bax is decreased with melanoma progression while anti-apoptotic Bcl-xL and Mcl-1 appear to increase with progression. We suggest that the biochemical techniques being used for analysis present too great of a heterogeneity, which could be mitigated with more standard procedures and reagents. Finally the utility of 'multi-specific' antisense tactics could be a more effective way of targeting advanced melanoma disease.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Apoptosis
  • Biomarkers, Tumor / analysis
  • Carrier Proteins / analysis
  • Disease Progression
  • Genes, bcl-2 / genetics*
  • Humans
  • Melanoma / genetics
  • Melanoma / pathology*
  • Mitochondria / pathology
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins / analysis
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / analysis*
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / genetics
  • Skin Neoplasms / genetics
  • Skin Neoplasms / pathology*
  • bcl-2-Associated X Protein
  • bcl-Associated Death Protein
  • bcl-X Protein

Substances

  • BAD protein, human
  • BAX protein, human
  • BCL2L1 protein, human
  • Biomarkers, Tumor
  • Carrier Proteins
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2
  • bcl-2-Associated X Protein
  • bcl-Associated Death Protein
  • bcl-X Protein