Non-bulk-like solvent behavior in the ribosome exit tunnel

PLoS Comput Biol. 2010 Oct 21;6(10):e1000963. doi: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1000963.

Abstract

As nascent proteins are synthesized by the ribosome, they depart via an exit tunnel running through the center of the large subunit. The exit tunnel likely plays an important part in various aspects of translation. Although water plays a key role in many bio-molecular processes, the nature of water confined to the exit tunnel has remained unknown. Furthermore, solvent in biological cavities has traditionally been characterized as either a continuous dielectric fluid, or a discrete tightly bound molecule. Using atomistic molecular dynamics simulations, we predict that the thermodynamic and kinetic properties of water confined within the ribosome exit tunnel are quite different from this simple two-state model. We find that the tunnel creates a complex microenvironment for the solvent resulting in perturbed rotational dynamics and heterogenous dielectric behavior. This gives rise to a very rugged solvation landscape and significantly retarded solvent diffusion. We discuss how this non-bulk-like solvent is likely to affect important biophysical processes such as sequence dependent stalling, co-translational folding, and antibiotic binding. We conclude with a discussion of the general applicability of these results to other biological cavities.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Archaeal Proteins / chemistry
  • Archaeal Proteins / metabolism
  • Computational Biology
  • Computer Simulation
  • Crystallography, X-Ray
  • Haloarcula marismortui
  • Molecular Dynamics Simulation*
  • Protein Biosynthesis / physiology*
  • Protein Folding
  • Ribosomes / chemistry*
  • Thermodynamics
  • Water / chemistry*

Substances

  • Archaeal Proteins
  • Water