Observation of high-energy astrophysical neutrinos in three years of IceCube data

Affiliations

• ¹ School of Chemistry & Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005 Australia.
• ² DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany.
• ³ Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand.
• ⁴ Département de physique nucléaire et corpusculaire, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève, Switzerland.
• ⁵ Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA.
• ⁶ Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
• ⁷ Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
• ⁸ Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA.
• ⁹ III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
• ¹⁰ Department of Physics, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, South Dakota 57701, USA.
• ¹¹ Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA.
• ¹² Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
• ¹³ Department of Physics and Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA and Department of Astronomy, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
• ¹⁴ Fakultät für Physik & Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
• ¹⁵ Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
• ¹⁶ Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA.
• ¹⁷ T.U. Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
• ¹⁸ Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA.
• ¹⁹ Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
• ²⁰ Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden.
• ²¹ Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea.
• ²² Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Nussallee 12, D-53115 Bonn, Germany.
• ²³ Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
• ²⁴ School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA.
• ²⁵ Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A7, Canada.
• ²⁶ Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
• ²⁷ Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA and Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA.
• ²⁸ Department of Physics and Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
• ²⁹ Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, B-9000 Gent, Belgium.
• ³⁰ Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
• ³¹ Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA.
• ³² Department of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70813, USA.
• ³³ Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
• ³⁴ Department of Astronomy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA.
• ³⁵ Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
• ³⁶ Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada.
• ³⁷ Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
• ³⁸ Department of Physics, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan.
• ³⁹ CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, Georgia 30314, USA.
• ⁴⁰ Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA.
• ⁴¹ Université de Mons, 7000 Mons, Belgium.
• ⁴² Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
• ⁴³ Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, River Falls, Wisconsin 54022, USA.
• ⁴⁴ Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, USA.
• ⁴⁵ Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Drive, Anchorage, Alaska 99508, USA.
• ⁴⁶ Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark and Department of Physics, University of Oxford, 1 Keble Road, Oxford OX1 3NP, United Kingdom.
• ⁴⁷ Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA and Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA.