Case Series and Literature Review of Ophthalmologic Disorders Seen in a Specialist Rheumatology Clinic in Lagos, Nigeria

Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2019;27(6):905-911. doi: 10.1080/09273948.2019.1611873. Epub 2019 Jul 17.

Abstract

Purpose: To highlight the pattern and treatment outcomes of ophthalmologic disorders referred to a private specialist rheumatology clinic. Methods: Retrospective review (January 2015-December 2016) of referrals from Eye Foundation Hospital, Lagos to Arthrimed Specialist Clinic, Lagos. Case records were retrieved and relevant information extracted. Ethical standards were observed. Results: Twenty-two referrals (35 eyes) were received out of 643 patients (3.4%) seen during the study period. The majority were female (63.6%) with mean age 48.9 ± 19.3 years and bilateral disease (59%). Diagnoses included uveitis (45.5%), optic neuritis (36.4%), non-specific autoimmune eye disease (9.1%), keratoconjunctivitis sicca (4.5%), and giant cell arteritis (4.5%). Treatment was with steroids and immunosuppressive agents. Fourteen patients improved (63.6%), five remained unchanged (22.7%), while three worsened (13.6%). Conclusions: Our patients were mostly fourth-decade females with bilateral disease. Uveitis was the commonest presentation, and two-thirds of the treated patients improved after treatment. Early specialist referral and co-management of severe autoimmune eye diseases are desirable.

Keywords: Autoimmune eye disease; ophthalmic disorders; outcomes; pattern; rheumatology clinic referrals.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Autoimmune Diseases / diagnosis
  • Autoimmune Diseases / drug therapy
  • Autoimmune Diseases / epidemiology*
  • Eye Diseases / diagnosis
  • Eye Diseases / drug therapy
  • Eye Diseases / epidemiology*
  • Female
  • Fluorescein Angiography
  • Glucocorticoids / therapeutic use
  • Hospitals, Private / statistics & numerical data*
  • Hospitals, Special / statistics & numerical data*
  • Humans
  • Immunosuppressive Agents / therapeutic use
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Nigeria / epidemiology
  • Ophthalmology / statistics & numerical data*
  • Referral and Consultation / statistics & numerical data
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Rheumatology / statistics & numerical data*
  • Specialization / statistics & numerical data
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Glucocorticoids
  • Immunosuppressive Agents