The underlying molecular mechanisms and biomarkers between periodontitis and COVID-19

BMC Oral Health. 2023 Jul 26;23(1):524. doi: 10.1186/s12903-023-03150-4.

Abstract

Objective: Emerging evidence shows the clinical consequences of patient with COVID-19 and periodontitis are not promising, and periodontitis is a risk factor. Periodontitis and COVID-19 probably have a relationship. Hence, this study aimed to identify the common molecular mechanism that may help to devise potential therapeutic strategies in the future.

Material and methods: We analyzed two RNA-seq datasets for differential expressed genes, enrichment of biological processes, transcription factors (TFs) and deconvolution-based immune cell types in periodontitis, COVID-19 and healthy controls. Relationships between TFs and mRNA were established by Pearson correlation analysis, and the common TFs-mRNA regulatory network and nine co-upregulated TFs of the two diseases was obtained. The RT-PCR detected the TFs.

Results: A total of 1616 and 10201 differentially expressed gene (DEGs) from periodontitis and COVID-19 are found. Moreover, nine shared TFs and common biological processes associated with lymphocyte activation involved in immune response were identified across periodontitis and COVID-19. The cell type enrichment revealed elevated plasma cells among two diseases. The RT-PCR further confirmed the nine TFs up-regulation in periodontitis.

Conclusion: The pathogenesis of periodontitis and COVID-19 is closely related to the expression of TFs and lymphocyte activation, which can provide potential targets for treatment.

Keywords: COVID-19; Periodontitis; Plasma cells; Susceptibility; Transcription factors.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Biomarkers
  • COVID-19*
  • Gene Expression Profiling
  • Gene Regulatory Networks
  • Humans
  • Periodontitis* / genetics
  • RNA, Messenger

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • RNA, Messenger