Abstract
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is the main adverse effect of natalizumab. Detectable JC virus-specific effector memory T-cell (TEM) responses may indicate ongoing JCV replication. We detected JCV-specific TEM responses in blood of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) treated with natalizumab, including 2 patients with PML. The frequency of detection of these responses increased with the time on natalizumab. Thus, a subset of MS patients exhibit immunological hallmarks of JCV replication during prolonged natalizumab therapy.
MeSH terms
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Adult
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Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / administration & dosage
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Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / adverse effects*
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Biological Products / administration & dosage
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Biological Products / adverse effects*
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Female
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Humans
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Immunologic Factors / administration & dosage
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Immunologic Factors / adverse effects*
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JC Virus / immunology*
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JC Virus / physiology
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Middle Aged
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Multiple Sclerosis / drug therapy*
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Multiple Sclerosis / immunology*
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Multiple Sclerosis / virology
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Natalizumab
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T-Lymphocytes / immunology
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Virus Replication*
Substances
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Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
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Biological Products
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Immunologic Factors
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Natalizumab