OSU53 Rescues Human OB-6 Osteoblastic Cells from Dexamethasone through Activating AMPK Signaling

PLoS One. 2016 Sep 15;11(9):e0162694. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162694. eCollection 2016.

Abstract

Excessive dexamethasone (Dex) application causes osteoblast cell death, which could lead to osteoporosis or osteonecrosis. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation is shown to protect osteoblasts/osteoblastic cells from Dex. In this report, we tested the potential effect of OSU53, a novel AMPK activator, in Dex-treated osteoblastic cells. We show that OSU53 activated AMPK signaling in human OB-6 osteoblastic cells. Further, Dex-induced osteoblastic OB-6 cell death and apoptosis were largely attenuated with pre-treatment with OSU53. OSU53 was more efficient than other known AMPK activators (A-769662 and Compound 13) in protecting OB-6 cells against Dex. AMPK activation is required for OSU53-induced actions in OB-6 cells. AMPKα shRNA knockdown or dominant-negative mutation (dn-AMPKα T172A) almost completely blocked OSU53-induced AMPK activation and OB-6 cell protection against Dex. Further studies showed that OSU53 increased NADPH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) activity and alleviated Dex-induced oxidative stress in OB-6 cells. Such effects by OSU53 were again almost abolished with AMPKα shRNA or dn-AMPKα in OB-6 cells. Together, these results demonstrate that OSU53 protects osteoblastic cells from Dex possibly via activating AMPK-dependent signaling.

MeSH terms

  • Adenylate Kinase / metabolism*
  • Dexamethasone / pharmacology*
  • Enzyme Activation
  • Enzyme Activators / pharmacology*
  • Humans
  • Osteoblasts / cytology
  • Osteoblasts / drug effects*
  • Osteoblasts / enzymology
  • Oxidative Stress / drug effects
  • Signal Transduction / drug effects*
  • Sulfonamides / pharmacology*
  • Thiazolidinediones / pharmacology*

Substances

  • Enzyme Activators
  • N-(4-(3-(1-methyl-cyclohexylmethyl)-2,4-dioxothiazolidin-5-ylidenemethyl)phenyl)-4-nitro-3-trifluoromethylbenzenesulfonamide
  • Sulfonamides
  • Thiazolidinediones
  • Dexamethasone
  • Adenylate Kinase

Grants and funding

This work was supported by the National Natural Scientific Foundation of China (No. 81300955, to ZC) and Projects of Nantong (MS22015047, to ZC). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.