A century ago, Taylor published a landmark in the organizational sciences, his Principles of Scientific Management. Many researchers have elaborated on Taylor’s principles, or have been influenced otherwise. The authors of the current paper evaluate a century of enterprise development, and conclude that a paradigm shift is needed for dealing adequately with the challenges modern enterprises are facing. Three generic objectives are identified. First, employee empowerment; modern employees are highly educated knowledge workers; yet, the mindset of managers has not evolved accordingly. Second, mastering complexity; current approaches fall short in mastering the complexity of enterprises and enterprise changes. Third, unity and integration; this can only be achieved by deliberate enterprise design. The emerging discipline of Enterprise Engineering is able to achieve these objectives satisfyingly. It does so by providing new, powerful ideas and intellectual techniques, collected in the Principles of Enterprise Engineering.