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|electron configuration=&#91;[[krypton|Kr]]&#93; 4d<sup>1</sup> 5s<sup>2</sup>
|electron configuration=&#91;[[krypton|Kr]]&#93; 4d<sup>1</sup> 5s<sup>2</sup>
|electrons per shell= 2, 8, 18, 9, 2
|electrons per shell= 2, 8, 18, 9, 2
|phase= solid
|phase= solit
|phase comment=
|phase comment=
|density gpcm3nrt= 4.472
|density gpcm3nrt= 4.472

Reveision as o 05:21, 16 Februar 2018

Yttrium, 39Y
Template:Infobox element/symbol-to-top-image/alt
Yttrium
Pronunciation/ˈɪtriəm/ ​(IT-ree-əm)
Appearancesillery white
Standard atomic weight Ar, std(Y)88.90584(1)[1]
Yttrium in the periodic cairt
Hydrogen Helium
Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon
Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon
Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Airn Cobalt Nickel Capper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton
Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Siller (element) Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon
Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gowd Mercur (element) Thallium Leid (element) Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon
Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Ununtrium Flerovium Ununpentium Livermorium Ununseptium Ununoctium
Sc
↑
Y
↓
Lu
strontium ← yttrium → zirconium
Atomic nummer (Z)39
Groupgroup 3
Periodperiod 5
Blockd-block
Element category  Transeetion metal
Electron confeeguration[Kr] 4d1 5s2
Electrons per shell2, 8, 18, 9, 2
Pheesical properties
Phase at STPsolit
Meltin pynt1799 K ​(1526 °C, ​2779 °F)
Bylin pynt3609 K ​(3336 °C, ​6037 °F)
Density (near r.t.)4.472 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)4.24 g/cm3
Heat o fusion11.42 kJ/mol
Heat o vapourisation365 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity26.53 J/(mol·K)
Vapour pressur
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K) 1883 2075 (2320) (2627) (3036) (3607)
Atomic properties
Oxidation states0,[2] +1, +2, +3 waikly basic
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 1.22
Atomic radiusempirical: 180 pm
Covalent radius190±7 pm
Colour lines in a spectral range
Colour lines in a spectral range
Spectral lines o yttrium
Ither properties
Naitural occurrenceprimordial
Creestal structur ​hexagonal close-packed (hcp)
Hexagonal close packed creestal structur for yttrium
Speed o soond thin rod3300 m/s (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansion(r.t.) (α, poly)
10.6 µm/(m·K)
Thermal conductivity17.2 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity(r.t.) (α, poly) 596 n Ω·m
Magnetic orderinparamagnetic[3]
Young's modulus63.5 GPa
Shear modulus25.6 GPa
Bulk modulus41.2 GPa
Poisson ratio0.243
Brinell haurdness589 MPa
CAS Nummer7440-65-5
History
DiskiveryJohan Gadolin (1794)
First isolationCarl Gustav Mosander (1840)
Main isotopes o yttrium
Iso­tope Abun­dance Hauf-life (t1/2) Decay mode Pro­duct
87Y syn 3.35 d ε 87Sr
γ -
88Y syn 106.6 d ε 88Sr
γ -
89Y 100% stable
90Y syn 2.67 d β− 90Zr
γ -
91Y syn 58.5 d β− 91Zr
γ -
| references
style="text-align:left"|
in calc from C diff report ref
C 1526 — —
K 1799 1799 0
F 2779 2779 0
WD 2732 Fahrenheit Edit this at Wikidata [4]
input C: 1526, K: 1799, F: 2779
comment
style="text-align:left"|
in calc from C diff report ref
C 3336 — —
K 3609 3609 0
F 6037 6037 0
WD 5301 Fahrenheit Edit this at Wikidata [4]
input C: 3336, K: 3609, F: 6037
comment

References

Thir references will appear in the airticle, but this list appears anerly on this page.
  1. ↑ Meija, Juris; et al. (2016). "Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305.
  2. ↑ Yttrium and all lanthanides except Ce, Pm, Eu, Tm, Yb have been observed in the oxidation state 0 in bis(1,3,5-tri-t-butylbenzene) complexes, see Cloke, F. Geoffrey N. (1993). "Zero Oxidation State Compounds of Scandium, Yttrium, and the Lanthanides". Chem. Soc. Rev. 22: 17–24. doi:10.1039/CS9932200017.
  3. ↑ Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds, in Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 81st edition, CRC press.
  4. ↑ a b http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0673.html.


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